A Case Study of Virtual Physical Education Teachers Experiences
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A Case Study of Virtual Physical Education Teachers Experiences
UNIVERSITY^ BIRMINGHAM University of Birmingham Research at BirminghamCorporate Social Responsibility in SMEs: A Shift from Philanthropy to Institutio A Case Study of Virtual Physical Education Teachers Experiencesonal Works?Amaeshi, Kenneth; Adegbite, Emmanuel; Ogbechie, Chris; Idemudia. Uwafiokun; Kan. Konan Anderson Seny; Issa. Mabumba; Anakwue, Obianuju I. J.DOI:10 1007/S10551 -015-2633-1License:None: All rights reservedDocument VersionPeer reviewed versionCitation for published version (Harvard):Amaeshi A Case Study of Virtual Physical Education Teachers ExperiencesK. Adegbite. E Ogbechie. c. Idemudia, u. Kan. KAS. Issa. M &Anakwue OU 2015. 'Corporate Social Responsibility In SMEs: A Snift from Philanthropy to InA Case Study of Virtual Physical Education Teachers Experiences
stitutional Works?'. Journal of Business Ethics.https://doi.Org/10.1007/S10551-015-2633-1Link to publication on Research at Birmingham portalPublisherUNIVERSITY^ BIRMINGHAM University of Birmingham Research at BirminghamCorporate Social Responsibility in SMEs: A Shift from Philanthropy to Institutio A Case Study of Virtual Physical Education Teachers Experiencesss a licence Is specified above, all rights (Including copyright and moral rights) In this document are retained by the authors andi'or the copyright holders. The express permission of the copyright holder must be obtained for any use of this material other than for purposes permitted by law.•Users A Case Study of Virtual Physical Education Teachers Experiencesmay freely distribute the URL that is used to identify this publication.•Users may download and.'or print one copy of (he publication from the UniversA Case Study of Virtual Physical Education Teachers Experiences
ity of Birmingham research portal for the purpose of private study or non-commercial research.•User may use extracts from the document in line with thUNIVERSITY^ BIRMINGHAM University of Birmingham Research at BirminghamCorporate Social Responsibility in SMEs: A Shift from Philanthropy to Institutio A Case Study of Virtual Physical Education Teachers Experiencesposes of commercial gain.Where a licence Is displayed above, please note the terms and conditions of the licence govern your use of this documentWhen citing, please reference the published version.Take down policyWhile the University of Birmingham exercises care and attention in making Items availab A Case Study of Virtual Physical Education Teachers Experiencesle there are rare occasions when an Item has been uploaded in error or has been deemed to be commercially or otherwise sensitive.If you believe that tA Case Study of Virtual Physical Education Teachers Experiences
his Is the case for this document, please contact UBIRA@llsts.bham.ac.uk providing details and we will remove access to the work immediately and invesUNIVERSITY^ BIRMINGHAM University of Birmingham Research at BirminghamCorporate Social Responsibility in SMEs: A Shift from Philanthropy to Institutio A Case Study of Virtual Physical Education Teachers ExperiencesResponsibility (CSR) amongst Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) is often characterised in the literature as unstructured, informal, and ad hoc discretionary philanthropic activities. Drawing insights from recent theoretical analytical frameworks (i.e. Crane. Matten. and Spence. 2013; and Valente an A Case Study of Virtual Physical Education Teachers Experiencesd Crane. 2010). and on empirical data collected from both Nigeria and Tanzania, we found that CSR practices in SMEs are much more nuanced than previouA Case Study of Virtual Physical Education Teachers Experiences
sly presented. In addition. SMEs undertake their CSR practices to varying degrees in multiple spaces - i.e. the workplace, marketplace, community and UNIVERSITY^ BIRMINGHAM University of Birmingham Research at BirminghamCorporate Social Responsibility in SMEs: A Shift from Philanthropy to Institutio A Case Study of Virtual Physical Education Teachers Experienceshe institutional gaps in the environments where these SMEs operate. The paper makes a contribution by drawing attention to the multiple spaces of CSR practices amongst SMEs, and the institutional works they do, which are often taken for granted in the extant literature. We provide a unique perspecti A Case Study of Virtual Physical Education Teachers Experiencesve - by arguing that what is frequently conceptualised as philanthropic CSR in Africa is (or may include) • institutional works'.Paper Type: ResearchA Case Study of Virtual Physical Education Teachers Experiences
paper.Keywords: Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), Nigeria, Tanzania. Sub-Saharan Africa. SMEs. Institutional works1IntroductionCorporate Social RUNIVERSITY^ BIRMINGHAM University of Birmingham Research at BirminghamCorporate Social Responsibility in SMEs: A Shift from Philanthropy to Institutio A Case Study of Virtual Physical Education Teachers Experiencess). The emphasis has rather been on the CSR practices of multinational corporations (MNCs) in Africa, based on three restrictive assumptions (see Ladzani and Seeletse. 2012). First, it is implicitly assumed that the societal role of businesses should be primarily, if not exclusively, undertaken by c A Case Study of Virtual Physical Education Teachers Experiencesompanies which are seen as more powerful and visible (i.e.. MNCs). Second, it is assumed that SMEs lack sufficient influence or resources to adequatelA Case Study of Virtual Physical Education Teachers Experiences
y address social issues. Third. SMEs should be encouraged to avoid irresponsible behaviour and not focus on social activism. As a result. CSR by SMEs UNIVERSITY^ BIRMINGHAM University of Birmingham Research at BirminghamCorporate Social Responsibility in SMEs: A Shift from Philanthropy to Institutio A Case Study of Virtual Physical Education Teachers Experiencesf employment creation; and their cumulative social and environmental impacts are highly significant (Fox. 2004). For instance, in Nigeria. SMEs represent about 90 percent of the country’s industrial sector (Aruwa. 2004), contribute around 50 percent of gross domestic product (GDP), account for 60 pe A Case Study of Virtual Physical Education Teachers Experiencesrcent of employment in national or local economies, and about 30 percent of exports (Peoples Daily. 2013). This is also the case in Tanzania where theA Case Study of Virtual Physical Education Teachers Experiences
government clearly considers SMEs as engines of economic development.1 Besides. SMEs do not only outnumber MNCs in Africa, they are also closer to soUNIVERSITY^ BIRMINGHAM University of Birmingham Research at BirminghamCorporate Social Responsibility in SMEs: A Shift from Philanthropy to InstitutioUNIVERSITY^ BIRMINGHAM University of Birmingham Research at BirminghamCorporate Social Responsibility in SMEs: A Shift from Philanthropy to InstitutioGọi ngay
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