Ebook Boh’s pharmacy practice manual - A guide to the clinical experience (4E): Part 2
➤ Gửi thông báo lỗi ⚠️ Báo cáo tài liệu vi phạmNội dung chi tiết: Ebook Boh’s pharmacy practice manual - A guide to the clinical experience (4E): Part 2
Ebook Boh’s pharmacy practice manual - A guide to the clinical experience (4E): Part 2
10Fluid and Electrolyte TherapyPauline A. LowThis chapter provides reference information to assess each of the general approach elements to intravenou Ebook Boh’s pharmacy practice manual - A guide to the clinical experience (4E): Part 2us (IV) fluid and electrolyte therapy included in Box 10.1. The information in this chapter must be used in the context of good clinical judgment.Fluid Distribution Within the BodyTotal Body Water■The amount of water present within the body is described as total body water (TBW). TBW for adults is e Ebook Boh’s pharmacy practice manual - A guide to the clinical experience (4E): Part 2stimated by using Equation10.1.Total body water (L) = Adult males: weight (kg) X 0.6Adult females: weight (kg) X 0.4 (10.1)■The percentage of body weiEbook Boh’s pharmacy practice manual - A guide to the clinical experience (4E): Part 2
ght composed of water, declines as we age. Newborns typically have around 75% to 85% body weight as water, whereas adult males have 60% and females ab10Fluid and Electrolyte TherapyPauline A. LowThis chapter provides reference information to assess each of the general approach elements to intravenou Ebook Boh’s pharmacy practice manual - A guide to the clinical experience (4E): Part 2thin cells. Since adult males generally have a higher muscle cell mass than adult females, they will have a higher volume of body water (accounted for in the equation by applying a higher multiplication factor).■TBW is used to help select an appropriate IV fluid as well as to»*ZM r 1 zl,.,...z4 zJCH Ebook Boh’s pharmacy practice manual - A guide to the clinical experience (4E): Part 2APTER 10 Fluid and Electrolyte lherapyBOX 10.General Approach to IV Fluid/Electrolyte Therapy1Determine clinical goals based on the specific patient.2Ebook Boh’s pharmacy practice manual - A guide to the clinical experience (4E): Part 2
Identify which IV fluids and/or electrolytes will assist with achieving clinical goals and make appropriate selection. Consider the following:■IV acce10Fluid and Electrolyte TherapyPauline A. LowThis chapter provides reference information to assess each of the general approach elements to intravenou Ebook Boh’s pharmacy practice manual - A guide to the clinical experience (4E): Part 2haracteristics3For fluids: determine volume needs and the associated fluid rate.■Consider maintenance fluid needs as well as replacement of excessive losses and requisite electrolyte content4For electrolytes: determine the dose and administration method (oral, IV, other).■Consider any electrolyte co Ebook Boh’s pharmacy practice manual - A guide to the clinical experience (4E): Part 2rrections necessary before assessing “true" electrolyte levels for dosing5Monitor the patient and reassess needs as clinical status changes.Fluid CompEbook Boh’s pharmacy practice manual - A guide to the clinical experience (4E): Part 2
artments and Determinants of Volume■ Figure 10.1 depicts the estimated typical distribution of TBW in the various body compartments of an adult. This 10Fluid and Electrolyte TherapyPauline A. LowThis chapter provides reference information to assess each of the general approach elements to intravenou Ebook Boh’s pharmacy practice manual - A guide to the clinical experience (4E): Part 2 fluid choices to meet particular clinical goals.• For example, a hypovolemic hypotensive patient requires fluid volume that will distribute by higher proportion into the intravascular space.Determinants of Fluid DistributionOsmolality, Osmolarity, Tonicity, and Free Water1■ Osmolarity is measured i Ebook Boh’s pharmacy practice manual - A guide to the clinical experience (4E): Part 2n mOsm/Zcg solvent, whereas osmolality is362BOH’S PHARMACY PRACTICE MANUAL: A GUIDE TO THE CLINICAL EXPERIENCE10Fluid and Electrolyte TherapyPauline A. LowThis chapter provides reference information to assess each of the general approach elements to intravenou10Fluid and Electrolyte TherapyPauline A. LowThis chapter provides reference information to assess each of the general approach elements to intravenouGọi ngay
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