Ebook Community nutrition (3/E): Part 2
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Ebook Community nutrition (3/E): Part 2
CHAPTERSNutrition in Childhood and AdolescenceCHAPTER OUTLINE■Introduction■Nutrition Status of Children and Adolescents In the United States■Nutrition Ebook Community nutrition (3/E): Part 2n-Related Concerns During Childhood and Adolescence■Malnutrition in Children■Children and Adolescents with special Healthcare Needs and Childhood Disability■The Effect of Television on Children's Eating Habits■Nutrition During Childhood and Adolescence■Food and Nutrition Programs for Children and Ad Ebook Community nutrition (3/E): Part 2olescents■Challenges to Implementing Quality School Nutrition Programs■Promoting Successful Programs in SchoolsLEARNING OBJECTIVES■Identify the nutritEbook Community nutrition (3/E): Part 2
ional needs of adolescents and school-age children.■Discuss common nutrition problems during childhood and adolescence.■List the diagnostic criteria fCHAPTERSNutrition in Childhood and AdolescenceCHAPTER OUTLINE■Introduction■Nutrition Status of Children and Adolescents In the United States■Nutrition Ebook Community nutrition (3/E): Part 2en globally and in the United States.■Discuss the effect television has on children's eating habits■Outline different child nutrition programs.► IntroductionMaintaining the proper physical, social, and cognitive development of children (ages 1 to 11) and adolescents is essential and depends upon ade Ebook Community nutrition (3/E): Part 2quate energy and nutrient intake. Children and adolescents who lackadequate energy and nutrient intake are at risk for a variety of nutrition-relatedEbook Community nutrition (3/E): Part 2
health conditions, including growth retardation, malnutrition, iron-deficiency anemia, poor academic performance, protein-energy malnutrition, developCHAPTERSNutrition in Childhood and AdolescenceCHAPTER OUTLINE■Introduction■Nutrition Status of Children and Adolescents In the United States■Nutrition Ebook Community nutrition (3/E): Part 2ch as metabolic syndrome, diabetes, heart disease, and osteoporosis during adulthood.1 children and adolescents who live below the national poverty level are more likely to experience nutrient deficiencies, food insecurity, and hunger.2 ' In the United States, child nutrition programs subsidize meal Ebook Community nutrition (3/E): Part 2s served to children and adolescents in schools and other organizations that may help prevent malnutrition. Ute programs that make up the federal chilEbook Community nutrition (3/E): Part 2
d nutrition programs are the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women. Infants, and Children (WIC), National School Lunch Program (NSI.P), SchCHAPTERSNutrition in Childhood and AdolescenceCHAPTER OUTLINE■Introduction■Nutrition Status of Children and Adolescents In the United States■Nutrition Ebook Community nutrition (3/E): Part 2ll in the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP). These programs will be discussed later in this chapter.► Nutrition Status of Children and Adolescents in theUnited StatesThe diets of many children and adolescents in the United States are below the recommended dietary standards. A small nu Ebook Community nutrition (3/E): Part 2mber of U.S. children eat the recommended amounts of grains, fruits, vegetables, dairy products, and meat or meat alternatives from the MyPlate.4 HieEbook Community nutrition (3/E): Part 2
majority of them consume calorie-dense snacks and meals, with added sugars and larger portion sizes, which increase the overall amount of caloric intaCHAPTERSNutrition in Childhood and AdolescenceCHAPTER OUTLINE■Introduction■Nutrition Status of Children and Adolescents In the United States■Nutrition Ebook Community nutrition (3/E): Part 2ounts of beverages that are high in added sugars, such as soft drinks and fruit drinks.' These habits can lead to inadequate intakes of essential vitamins and minerals.Overconsumption of calories and inactivity are major factors contributing to the increased rate of childhood overweight and obesity Ebook Community nutrition (3/E): Part 2in the United States. " The prevalence of overweight and obesity in children ages 6 to 17 years has doubled in the past 30 years. Approximately 4.7 miEbook Community nutrition (3/E): Part 2
llion children ages 6 to 17 years are seriously overweight or obese.10-11 Overweight and obesity at any age increase the risk for type 2 diabetes mellCHAPTERSNutrition in Childhood and AdolescenceCHAPTER OUTLINE■Introduction■Nutrition Status of Children and Adolescents In the United States■Nutrition Ebook Community nutrition (3/E): Part 2ractices tend to have difficulty learning and concentrating and are more likely to be sick and miss school.1' TABLE 9-1 provides examples of fruits and vegetables that parents and caregivers can feed toddlers and preschoolers.Healthy People 2010Two goals of Healthy People 2010 are to increase the pr Ebook Community nutrition (3/E): Part 2oportion of adolescents who participate in daily school physical education to 50 percent and increase the proportion of adolescents who engage in modeEbook Community nutrition (3/E): Part 2
rate physical activity (> 30 minutes on at least 5 days of the previous 7 days) and vigorous physical activity that promotes cardiorespiratory fitnessCHAPTERSNutrition in Childhood and AdolescenceCHAPTER OUTLINE■Introduction■Nutrition Status of Children and Adolescents In the United States■Nutrition Ebook Community nutrition (3/E): Part 2iew for the Healthy People 2010 objectives for children and adolescents.Growth and Physical Development and AssessmentAfter the first year of rapid growth, children’s physical growth rate slows down during the preschool and school years until the pubertal growth spurt of adolescence.16 By age 2, chi Ebook Community nutrition (3/E): Part 2ldren quadruple their birth weight. They gain an average of 4.5 to 6.5 pounds (2 to 3 kg) per year between the ages of 2 and 5 years.16 In addition, bEbook Community nutrition (3/E): Part 2
etween these ages, children grow 2.5 to 3.5 inches (6 to 8 cm) in height per year.17 The rate of growth during middle childhood is steady. On average,CHAPTERSNutrition in Childhood and AdolescenceCHAPTER OUTLINE■Introduction■Nutrition Status of Children and Adolescents In the United States■Nutrition Ebook Community nutrition (3/E): Part 2 age. the increase in weight is approximately 9 pounds (4 kg) per year.A 1-year-old child has several teeth, and his or her digestive and metabolic systems are functioning at or near adult capability.16-17 Also by 1 year of age, most children are walking or beginning to walk. With improved coordinat Ebook Community nutrition (3/E): Part 2ion over the next few years, their activity level increases noticeably.The following are some eating behaviors of toddlers18,19:■They can learn to feeEbook Community nutrition (3/E): Part 2
d themselves independently during the second year of life.CHAPTERSNutrition in Childhood and AdolescenceCHAPTER OUTLINE■Introduction■Nutrition Status of Children and Adolescents In the United States■NutritionCHAPTERSNutrition in Childhood and AdolescenceCHAPTER OUTLINE■Introduction■Nutrition Status of Children and Adolescents In the United States■NutritionGọi ngay
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