Ebook Cosmetic medicine amp; surgery: Part 2
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Ebook Cosmetic medicine amp; surgery: Part 2
https://khothuvien.cori!37Intense pulsed lightHugues Cartier, A. Le Pillouer-Prost, and Saib NorlaziziTECHNICAL ASPECTSPrinciple of Operation: Light. Ebook Cosmetic medicine amp; surgery: Part 2 Laser, and Intense Pulsed LightElectrical Energy and Optical SpectrumThe main difference between a laser and an intense pulsed light (IPL) IS physics the frst one emits a coherent, monochromatic light tone wavelength measured in nanometers [nm]). whereas the second emits a polychromatic, noncoheren Ebook Cosmetic medicine amp; surgery: Part 2t light (a spectral band. e.g.. from 550 to 950 am). The wavelength of a laser can be drawn as one color, whereas the spectral band of IPL is composedEbook Cosmetic medicine amp; surgery: Part 2
of all the colors of the rainbow (Figlire 37.1),Flashlamps or IPLs are discharge lamps of high intensity filed with a noble gas. mostly xenon, most rhttps://khothuvien.cori!37Intense pulsed lightHugues Cartier, A. Le Pillouer-Prost, and Saib NorlaziziTECHNICAL ASPECTSPrinciple of Operation: Light. Ebook Cosmetic medicine amp; surgery: Part 2 are very effcient and convert over 70% of electrical energy into light, compared to the best laser effciency of 17% produced by CO; lasers.The intense radiation of these lamps has been utilized in various medical and nonmedical applications: optical pumping of laser systems (Nd YAG. dye lasers. Q-s Ebook Cosmetic medicine amp; surgery: Part 2witched lasers, frequency-doubled lasers 532 nm. etc), simulation of solar radiation, absorption measurement or fuorescence. photocopy units, stroboscEbook Cosmetic medicine amp; surgery: Part 2
opes, and IPLs themselves.The glass or quartz of the fashlamp is made up of cerium or titanium dioxide. The two triggering electrodes are embedded in https://khothuvien.cori!37Intense pulsed lightHugues Cartier, A. Le Pillouer-Prost, and Saib NorlaziziTECHNICAL ASPECTSPrinciple of Operation: Light. Ebook Cosmetic medicine amp; surgery: Part 2ve and quantitative manner.Apart from the use of optical filers, spectral emission varies according to the electrical energy inducing the intense light emission. Low electrical energies generate a high predominance of infrared (IR) light peaks within the spectral emission. Higher electrical energies Ebook Cosmetic medicine amp; surgery: Part 2 induce a progressive shift towards light peaks located within the shorter wavelengths of the spectral emission. All fashlamps modify their light emisEbook Cosmetic medicine amp; surgery: Part 2
sion according to their progressive decay; therefore.regular device service maintenance is recommended. IPL systems need to limit their emissions to ihttps://khothuvien.cori!37Intense pulsed lightHugues Cartier, A. Le Pillouer-Prost, and Saib NorlaziziTECHNICAL ASPECTSPrinciple of Operation: Light. Ebook Cosmetic medicine amp; surgery: Part 22). The short-wavelength filers are generally used for vascular targets (Figure 37.3) such as thin and light-colored hairs, light-pigmented lesions, etc. Higher-wavelength flters are used for epilation particularly in darker skin types.For practical purposes, we can use a color coding system to iden Ebook Cosmetic medicine amp; surgery: Part 2tify- optical f Iters to be used for specifc indications (Figure 37.4):•Blue—acne•Green—vascular and pigmented (short-wavelength flter will be more seEbook Cosmetic medicine amp; surgery: Part 2
lective on lighter and super feial targets such as sunspots or very thin veins, but this f Iter has the highest risk for burning and is therefore hardhttps://khothuvien.cori!37Intense pulsed lightHugues Cartier, A. Le Pillouer-Prost, and Saib NorlaziziTECHNICAL ASPECTSPrinciple of Operation: Light. Ebook Cosmetic medicine amp; surgery: Part 2uvenation and epilation of light skin typesand scars)•Orange red—epilation and scarsLaser beams are collimated and can concentrate a high intensity of specifc photons in relatively small areas. The same light-tissue interaction can be applied to larger areas when scanners are used IPL systems are ab Ebook Cosmetic medicine amp; surgery: Part 2le to irradiate relatively large anatomical areas (up to 5 cm2) with a noncollimated multiwavelength spectral band able to interfere with multiple tarEbook Cosmetic medicine amp; surgery: Part 2
gets at the same time. The light source needs to be positioned as close as possible to the skin surface to optimize clinical effects. Clinical effectshttps://khothuvien.cori!37Intense pulsed lightHugues Cartier, A. Le Pillouer-Prost, and Saib NorlaziziTECHNICAL ASPECTSPrinciple of Operation: Light. Ebook Cosmetic medicine amp; surgery: Part 2hermal effectsIPL timings range from 0.5 to 100 ms. and the tissue effects are only of two orders; photothermal or photochemical with low irradiance. The tissue interactions are based on the principle of selective photothermolysis, which does not require a monochromatic irradiation but only an incid Ebook Cosmetic medicine amp; surgery: Part 2ent beam that can be selectively absorbed by the target chromophore To juggle effectively with the pulse durations, the pulse train, and the pulse delEbook Cosmetic medicine amp; surgery: Part 2
ays, we must have some basis and understand well the notion of thermal relaxation time ITRT) of biological targets and surrounding tissue to use the phttps://khothuvien.cori!37Intense pulsed lightHugues Cartier, A. Le Pillouer-Prost, and Saib NorlaziziTECHNICAL ASPECTSPrinciple of Operation: Light. Ebook Cosmetic medicine amp; surgery: Part 2presents the time taken for heated tissue to lose 50% of its maximum heat through diffusion. The parameter settings are therefore the same as for lasers, the adaptation of the pulse widths and pulse delays to the respective TRT of the target chromophores and surrounding tissue for a selective action Ebook Cosmetic medicine amp; surgery: Part 2 and safeguard of surrounding tissue The aim of the pulse train IS to improve the selectivity, therefore, instead of emitting a single wide f ash of lEbook Cosmetic medicine amp; surgery: Part 2
ight, we progressively increase, in steps, the temperature of the target tissue and at the same time protect the adjacent tissue that has a different https://khothuvien.cori!37Intense pulsed lightHugues Cartier, A. Le Pillouer-Prost, and Saib NorlaziziTECHNICAL ASPECTSPrinciple of Operation: Light. Ebook Cosmetic medicine amp; surgery: Part 2SpectraFigure 37.1 IPL spectrum is a polychromatic irradiation and not monochromatic like laser.Spectral repsonse— 495 pulsar filterFigure 37.3 Typical spectral response of light emission by a green filter 495-950 nm.Figure 37.2 IPL handpieces (size 5-22 cm2) and SIX different filters.Even if the mo Ebook Cosmetic medicine amp; surgery: Part 2de of operation of IPL technology IS univocal. the systems commercialized for medical applications are very diverse, with multiple, more or less, diffEbook Cosmetic medicine amp; surgery: Part 2
erences making them totally incomparable. The most common technical variations can be found in the lamp arc length, gas pressure, electrode quality anhttps://khothuvien.cori!37Intense pulsed lightHugues Cartier, A. Le Pillouer-Prost, and Saib NorlaziziTECHNICAL ASPECTSPrinciple of Operation: Light. Ebook Cosmetic medicine amp; surgery: Part 2ater cooling does indicate that far-IR wavelengths are blocked at the lamp end and the tissue effect could be totally different between the two systems of this categoryNew TechnologiesTechnical innovations are always developed and implemented in IPL technologies. The most recent focused on the follo Ebook Cosmetic medicine amp; surgery: Part 2wing:• Stabilization of electrical pulsing, obtainable when partial discharge of the capacitors IS activated This important technical achievement canEbook Cosmetic medicine amp; surgery: Part 2
be generated only when highvoltages and high electric bank capacitors are used The end result will consist in a more stable spectral band emission durhttps://khothuvien.cori!37Intense pulsed lightHugues Cartier, A. Le Pillouer-Prost, and Saib NorlaziziTECHNICAL ASPECTSPrinciple of Operation: Light. Ebook Cosmetic medicine amp; surgery: Part 2ers is important: dichroic flters tend to deteriorate with use and are prone to develop hot spots (where the optical coating comes off), thus exposing partial segments of the exposed isolated spots irregularly distributed on the target area to the full spectrum of light of the lamp and therefore to Ebook Cosmetic medicine amp; surgery: Part 2superfeial burns (Figure 37.7). Plain glass filers can break or become cloudy, thus the need to check the filer visually or test It using photosensitiEbook Cosmetic medicine amp; surgery: Part 2
ve paper (Figure 37.8). The spectral band used for each treatment is chosen spanning from L’V to !R. which is lamp emission, except "fuorescent" filerhttps://khothuvien.cori!37Intense pulsed lightHugues Cartier, A. Le Pillouer-Prost, and Saib NorlaziziTECHNICAL ASPECTSPrinciple of Operation: Light. Ebook Cosmetic medicine amp; surgery: Part 2ge applied to the lamp while keeping an intense emission in the desired area of the spectrum and prolonging the lamp life and effciency (30%-5O* */o of the unusable shorter wavelengths can be "reconverted” by the use of these fliers).•Calibration. Most of the new IPLs are equipped with a system of c Ebook Cosmetic medicine amp; surgery: Part 2alibration (Figure 379). This is particularly important as we have, for a long time, blamed these lamps for their lack of reproducibility in time, butEbook Cosmetic medicine amp; surgery: Part 2
some end users (practitioners) prefer investing in a calibration system outside the IPL. which is more reliable and covers the totality of the crystahttps://khothuvien.cori!37Intense pulsed lightHugues Cartier, A. Le Pillouer-Prost, and Saib NorlaziziTECHNICAL ASPECTSPrinciple of Operation: Light. Ebook Cosmetic medicine amp; surgery: Part 2systems. it was practical to use thick layers of cold gel. The thickness of the layer of gel and the force applied by the user with the applicator on the treatment area could result in signifeant variations m the light energy transmitted to the area treated The emergence of sapphire-based cooling sy Ebook Cosmetic medicine amp; surgery: Part 2stem or special quartz (BK7) (Figure 37.7k via cryospray or pulsed cold air. is one of the major improvements toGọi ngay
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