Ebook Cunningham’s manual of practical anatomy (Vol I - 16/E): Part 2
➤ Gửi thông báo lỗi ⚠️ Báo cáo tài liệu vi phạmNội dung chi tiết: Ebook Cunningham’s manual of practical anatomy (Vol I - 16/E): Part 2
Ebook Cunningham’s manual of practical anatomy (Vol I - 16/E): Part 2
PART 3The lower limb12. Introduơion to the lower limb 15713The front and medial side of the thigh 15914The gluteal region 18715. The popliteal fossa 1 Ebook Cunningham’s manual of practical anatomy (Vol I - 16/E): Part 219916 The back of the thigh 20717Thehipjoint 21118The leg and foot 21919 The Joints of the lower limb 25920. The nerves of the lower limb 28321 MCQs for part 3: The lower limb 289155mebooksfree.comCHAPTER 12Introduction to the lower limbIntroductionThe parts of the lower limb are the hip and buttock Ebook Cunningham’s manual of practical anatomy (Vol I - 16/E): Part 2, the thigh, the leg, and the foot.The hip and buttock together make up what is called the gluteal region. This overlies the side and back of the pelvEbook Cunningham’s manual of practical anatomy (Vol I - 16/E): Part 2
is, from the waist down to the groove (gluteal fold). It extends from the waist to the buttock inferiorly, and to the depression on the lateral side oPART 3The lower limb12. Introduơion to the lower limb 15713The front and medial side of the thigh 15914The gluteal region 18715. The popliteal fossa 1 Ebook Cunningham’s manual of practical anatomy (Vol I - 16/E): Part 2buttock (nutis) is the rounded bulge behind. The natal cleft is the groove between the buttocks. The lower part of the sacrum and coccyx (the end of the backbone) can be felt in the natal cleft. The perineum lies in front of the buttocks and continues forwards between the thighs.The skeleton of the Ebook Cunningham’s manual of practical anatomy (Vol I - 16/E): Part 2hip and buttock is the hip bone. It consists of three parts—the ilium, ischium. and pubis. These three bones fuse together at the acetabulum [Fig. 12.Ebook Cunningham’s manual of practical anatomy (Vol I - 16/E): Part 2
1] where the head of the femur articulates with the hip bone. The ilium is the large upper part. It has a crest at its superior margin which can be fePART 3The lower limb12. Introduơion to the lower limb 15713The front and medial side of the thigh 15914The gluteal region 18715. The popliteal fossa 1 Ebook Cunningham’s manual of practical anatomy (Vol I - 16/E): Part 2can be felt in the lower part of the anterior abdominal wall. In the midline, it meets its fellow of the opposite side in the pubic symphysis {symphysis = union)—a joint between the right and left pubic bones.The right and left hip bones, together with the sacrum and coccyx, make up the skeleton of Ebook Cunningham’s manual of practical anatomy (Vol I - 16/E): Part 2the pelvis [Fig. 12.1). The two hip bones together aresometimes called the pelvic girdle. Anteriorly, they articulate with each other at the pubic symEbook Cunningham’s manual of practical anatomy (Vol I - 16/E): Part 2
physis. Posteriorly, they articulate with the sides of the sacrum at the two sacro-iliac joints.The thigh {femur) extends from the hip to the knee. ThPART 3The lower limb12. Introduơion to the lower limb 15713The front and medial side of the thigh 15914The gluteal region 18715. The popliteal fossa 1 Ebook Cunningham’s manual of practical anatomy (Vol I - 16/E): Part 2ith the patella I kneecap). The proximal extent of the thigh Is the gluteal fold posteriorly, the groove of the groin (inguinal region) anteriorly, the perineum medially, and the surface depression on the side of the hip laterally. The greater trochanter of the femur can be felt through the skin, im Ebook Cunningham’s manual of practical anatomy (Vol I - 16/E): Part 2mediately anterior to the depression. The ham (poples) is the lower part of the back of the thigh and the back of the knee. The depression on the backEbook Cunningham’s manual of practical anatomy (Vol I - 16/E): Part 2
of the knee is the popliteal fossa.The leg {crus) extends from the knee joint to the ankle joint. The term ‘leg’ is never used in anatomical descriptPART 3The lower limb12. Introduơion to the lower limb 15713The front and medial side of the thigh 15914The gluteal region 18715. The popliteal fossa 1 Ebook Cunningham’s manual of practical anatomy (Vol I - 16/E): Part 2ones of the leg are the tibia, or shin bone, and the fibula. They lie side by side, with the slender fibula laterally. The tibia and fibula articulate with each other at their upper and lower ends—the superior and inferior tibiofibular joints. Along their length, they are united by the interosseous Ebook Cunningham’s manual of practical anatomy (Vol I - 16/E): Part 2membrane. The lower ends of the tibia and fibula form prominences at the sides of the ankle—the medial and lateral malleoli which are readily felt. ThEbook Cunningham’s manual of practical anatomy (Vol I - 16/E): Part 2
e medial and lateral malleoli hold the first bone of the foot (the talus) between them to form the ankle joint. At the knee joint, the superior surfacPART 3The lower limb12. Introduơion to the lower limb 15713The front and medial side of the thigh 15914The gluteal region 18715. The popliteal fossa 1 Ebook Cunningham’s manual of practical anatomy (Vol I - 16/E): Part 2(without the coccyx).the condyles which articulate with the femur. The proximal end of the fibula (head) does not take part in the knee joint. It reaches up to the inferolateral surface of the lateral tibial condyle. A large part of the tibia is subcutaneous and easily felt.The fibula is mainly cove Ebook Cunningham’s manual of practical anatomy (Vol I - 16/E): Part 2red by muscles which are attached to it. so that only its head and distal quarter are easily felt.The foot extends from the point of the heel to the tEbook Cunningham’s manual of practical anatomy (Vol I - 16/E): Part 2
ips of the toes. Its superior surface is the dorsum; its inferior surface is the sole (planta). The bones of the foot, from proximal to distal, are thPART 3The lower limb12. Introduơion to the lower limb 15713The front and medial side of the thigh 15914The gluteal region 18715. The popliteal fossa 1 Ebook Cunningham’s manual of practical anatomy (Vol I - 16/E): Part 2alcaneus, with the talus resting on the calcaneus. The calcaneus is the largest bone of the tarsus and forms the skeleton of the heel. The talus articulates with: (1) the superior surface of the calcaneus; (2) the tibia and fibula to form the ankle joint; and (3) the navicular distally. The navicula Ebook Cunningham’s manual of practical anatomy (Vol I - 16/E): Part 2r lies between the proximal and distal row of the tarsal bones. The navicular articulates proximally with the talus and distally with the three cuneifEbook Cunningham’s manual of practical anatomy (Vol I - 16/E): Part 2
orms. The distal row of tarsal bones consists of the cuboid bone laterally, and the three wedge-shaped cuneiform bones (cuneus = a wedge)—the medial, PART 3The lower limb12. Introduơion to the lower limb 15713The front and medial side of the thigh 15914The gluteal region 18715. The popliteal fossa 1 Ebook Cunningham’s manual of practical anatomy (Vol I - 16/E): Part 2cuneiforms articulate with the navicular proximally and with the medial three metatarsals distally. Between the tarsal bones are the intertarsal joints.The five metatarsal bones are set side by side. They are numbered 1 to 5 from the medial side. The proximal ends—the base of the metatarsals—articul Ebook Cunningham’s manual of practical anatomy (Vol I - 16/E): Part 2ate with the tarsal bones at the tarsometatarsal joints, and the base of the medial four metatarsals articulate with each other at the intermetatarsalEbook Cunningham’s manual of practical anatomy (Vol I - 16/E): Part 2
joints. Each metatarsal has a head at the distal end which articulates with the base of the proximal phalanx of the corresponding toe at the metatarsPART 3The lower limb12. Introduơion to the lower limb 15713The front and medial side of the thigh 15914The gluteal region 18715. The popliteal fossa 1 Ebook Cunningham’s manual of practical anatomy (Vol I - 16/E): Part 2inimus. The bones of the toes are the phalanges. The hallux has two phalanges; each of the other toes has three, though the middle and distal phalanges of the little toe may be fused together. The proximal end of the phalanx is its base; the distal end is its head. The phalanges articulate with each Ebook Cunningham’s manual of practical anatomy (Vol I - 16/E): Part 2 other at the inter-phalangeal joints.There are several sesamoid bones in the lower limb. The largest is the patella. The others are small and inconstEbook Cunningham’s manual of practical anatomy (Vol I - 16/E): Part 2
ant, except for two which are always present on the plantar surface of the metatarsophalangeal joint of the big toe.PART 3The lower limb12. Introduơion to the lower limb 15713The front and medial side of the thigh 15914The gluteal region 18715. The popliteal fossa 1PART 3The lower limb12. Introduơion to the lower limb 15713The front and medial side of the thigh 15914The gluteal region 18715. The popliteal fossa 1Gọi ngay
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