Ebook Diagnostic imaging gastrointestinal: Part 2
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Ebook Diagnostic imaging gastrointestinal: Part 2
Introduction and OverviewImaging Approach to the SpleenS44Normal Variants and ArtifactsAccessory spleen548CongenitalAsplenia and Polysplenia550Infecti Ebook Diagnostic imaging gastrointestinal: Part 2ionSplenic Infection and Abscess554DegenerativeSplenomegaly and Hypersplenism558Vascular DisordersSplenic Infarction562TraumaSplenic Trauma566Splenosis570Benign NeoplasmsSplenic Cyst572Primary Splenic Tumors574Malignant NeoplasmsSplenic Metastases and Lymphoma578Imaging Approach to the SpleenSpleenE Ebook Diagnostic imaging gastrointestinal: Part 2mbryology, Anatomy, and PhysiologyThe spleen develops from the dorsal mesogastrlum and usually rotates to the left, becoming fixed in the left subphreEbook Diagnostic imaging gastrointestinal: Part 2
nlc location by peritoneal reflections linking It to the diaphragm, abdominal wall, stomach (gastrosplenic ligament), and kidney (splenorenal ligamentIntroduction and OverviewImaging Approach to the SpleenS44Normal Variants and ArtifactsAccessory spleen548CongenitalAsplenia and Polysplenia550Infecti Ebook Diagnostic imaging gastrointestinal: Part 2lation, usually small spherical Sbuctur es near the splenic hilum. These can enlarge, especially following splenectomy, and may simulate a neoplastic mass or cause recurrence of hematologic disease.The spleen may be congenitally absent (asplenia) or have many unfused components (polysplenia). These Ebook Diagnostic imaging gastrointestinal: Part 2are rare splenic anomalies and are associated with cardiovascular anomalies, situs Inversus, and other anomalies, often with serious and even life-thrEbook Diagnostic imaging gastrointestinal: Part 2
eatening consequences.The spleen is rarely on a long mesentery and may be found in any abdominal or pelvic location ("wandering spleen"], pladng it atIntroduction and OverviewImaging Approach to the SpleenS44Normal Variants and ArtifactsAccessory spleen548CongenitalAsplenia and Polysplenia550Infecti Ebook Diagnostic imaging gastrointestinal: Part 2e person by blood volume, state of nutrition and hydration. The usual volume range is 1 CO-2 50 cm’, with a mean of 150 cm’. A calculated splenic index (length X width X breadth) over 480 cm-’ Is considered splenomegaly. The average length Is up to 12 cm, with a width and breadth of 7 and 4 cm, resp Ebook Diagnostic imaging gastrointestinal: Part 2ectively.Imaging IssuesThe spleen nas a unique histology, consisting of the red and white pulp, which directly affects Its appearance on imaging examsEbook Diagnostic imaging gastrointestinal: Part 2
The white pulp Is the lymphoid tissue and the red Is composed of the vascular tissue and splenic cords (plates of cells and sinusoids). Because of itIntroduction and OverviewImaging Approach to the SpleenS44Normal Variants and ArtifactsAccessory spleen548CongenitalAsplenia and Polysplenia550Infecti Ebook Diagnostic imaging gastrointestinal: Part 2g. This may be mistaken for splenic pathology but is a transient phenomenon not evident on unenhanced or later phases of enhanced imaging.CT IS the imaging modality of choice for the evaluation of the spleen In the acute setting (trauma or pain). MR can be additive in evaluating splenic masses and s Ebook Diagnostic imaging gastrointestinal: Part 2ome metabolic diseases (e.g.. hemochromatosis). The spleen, has a relatively long T1 and T2 relaxation time. This results in its appearing somewhat hyEbook Diagnostic imaging gastrointestinal: Part 2
pointense compared to the liver on T1WI and hypenntense on T2WI. With iron deposition, the spleen may show a dramatic loss In signalApproach to the AbIntroduction and OverviewImaging Approach to the SpleenS44Normal Variants and ArtifactsAccessory spleen548CongenitalAsplenia and Polysplenia550Infecti Ebook Diagnostic imaging gastrointestinal: Part 2 hematologic, inflammatory-infectious, tumor, or infiltrative.Given Its function as a blood filter, it Is not surprising that the spleen Is a frequent site of metastases on postmortem examination of patients who helve died from cancer. However, with the exception or leukemia and lymphoma, it is unco Ebook Diagnostic imaging gastrointestinal: Part 2mmon to make an imaging diagnosis of splenic metastasis.Many splenic neoplasms are benign, either hemangiomas or lymphangioma^ but these have overlappEbook Diagnostic imaging gastrointestinal: Part 2
ing Imaging features and a specific diagnosis IS rarely possible.One of the most common focal splenic lesions is the splenic cyst. It is not possible Introduction and OverviewImaging Approach to the SpleenS44Normal Variants and ArtifactsAccessory spleen548CongenitalAsplenia and Polysplenia550Infecti Ebook Diagnostic imaging gastrointestinal: Part 2ction, or trauma. These are rarely of clinical importance.Multiple lesions within the spleen are most typically the result of a granulomatous process, which may be either infectious (e.g., histoplasmosis, T3) or noninfectious (sarcoidosis). Splenic granulomata commonly calcify. Ebook Diagnostic imaging gastrointestinal: Part 2Introduction and OverviewImaging Approach to the SpleenS44Normal Variants and ArtifactsAccessory spleen548CongenitalAsplenia and Polysplenia550InfectiGọi ngay
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