Ebook Digital integrated circuits prentice hall: Part 2
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Ebook Digital integrated circuits prentice hall: Part 2
CHAPTERDESIGNING COMBINATIONAL LOGIC GATES IN CMOSIn-depth discussion of logic families in CMOS— static and dynamic, pass-transistor, non-ratioed and Ebook Digital integrated circuits prentice hall: Part 2 ratioed logicOptimizing a logic gate for area, speed, energy, or robustnessLow-power and high-performance circuit-design techniques6.1Introduction6.2Static CMOS Design6 2.1 Complementary CMOS6.2.2Ratioed Logic6.23 Pass-Transistor Logic63 Dynamic CMOS Design6 3.1 Dynamic Logic - Basic Principles63.2 Ebook Digital integrated circuits prentice hall: Part 2Speed and Power Dissipation of Dynamic Logic633 Issues in Dynamic Design6.3.4Cascading Dynamic Gates6.4Perspectives6 4. J How to Choose a Logic Style?Ebook Digital integrated circuits prentice hall: Part 2
6.4.2Designing Logic for Reduced Supply-Voltages6.5Summary6.6To Probe Further229230DESIGNING COMBINATIONAL LOGIC GATES IN CMOS Chapter 66.1 IntroductiCHAPTERDESIGNING COMBINATIONAL LOGIC GATES IN CMOSIn-depth discussion of logic families in CMOS— static and dynamic, pass-transistor, non-ratioed and Ebook Digital integrated circuits prentice hall: Part 2ynthesis of arbitrary digital gates such as NOR. NAND and XOR. The focus IS on combinational logic (or non-regen-erath-e) circuits; tills is. circuits that have the property that ar any point in time, the output of the circuit IS related to Its current input signals by some Boolean expression (assum Ebook Digital integrated circuits prentice hall: Part 2ing that the transients through the logic gates have settled). No intentional connection between outputs and inputs is present.This is in contrast toEbook Digital integrated circuits prentice hall: Part 2
another class of circuits, known as sequential or regenerate. for which the output is not only a function of the current input data, but also of previCHAPTERDESIGNING COMBINATIONAL LOGIC GATES IN CMOSIn-depth discussion of logic families in CMOS— static and dynamic, pass-transistor, non-ratioed and Ebook Digital integrated circuits prentice hall: Part 2the circuit "remembers’' past events and has a sense of history. A sequential circuit includes a combinational logic portion and a module that holds the state. Example circuits are registers, counters, oscillators, and memory. Sequential circuits are the topic of the next Chapter.(a) CombinatKxialFi Ebook Digital integrated circuits prentice hall: Part 2gure 6.1 High level classification a logic circuits.There are numerous circuit styles to implement a given logic function. As with the inverter, the cEbook Digital integrated circuits prentice hall: Part 2
ommon design metrics by which a gate is evaluated are area, speed, energy and power. Depending on the application, the emphasis will be on different mCHAPTERDESIGNING COMBINATIONAL LOGIC GATES IN CMOSIn-depth discussion of logic families in CMOS— static and dynamic, pass-transistor, non-ratioed and Ebook Digital integrated circuits prentice hall: Part 2 a battery operated circuit. In addition to these metrics, robustness to noise and reliability are also very important considerations. We will see that certain logic styles can significantly improve perforiuance. but are more sensitive to noise. Recently, power dissipation lias also become a very im Ebook Digital integrated circuits prentice hall: Part 2portant requirement and significant emphasis is placed on understanding the sources of power and approaches to deal with power.6.2Static CMOS DesignThEbook Digital integrated circuits prentice hall: Part 2
e most widely used logic style is static complementaiy CMOS. The static CMOS style is really an extension of the static CMOS inverter to multiple inpuCHAPTERDESIGNING COMBINATIONAL LOGIC GATES IN CMOSIn-depth discussion of logic families in CMOS— static and dynamic, pass-transistor, non-ratioed and Ebook Digital integrated circuits prentice hall: Part 2with no static power dissipation. Most of thoseSection 6.2 Static CMOS Design231properties are carried over to large fan-in logic gates implemented using a similar- cữcuit topology.Ute complementary CMOS circuit style falls under a broad class of logic circuits called sialic circuits in which at eve Ebook Digital integrated circuits prentice hall: Part 2ry point in time I except during the switching transients). each gate output is connected to either Fyy or F„ via a low-resistance path. Also, the outEbook Digital integrated circuits prentice hall: Part 2
puts of the gales assume al all limes the value of the Boolean function implemented by the circuit I ignoring, once again, the transient effects durinCHAPTERDESIGNING COMBINATIONAL LOGIC GATES IN CMOSIn-depth discussion of logic families in CMOS— static and dynamic, pass-transistor, non-ratioed and Ebook Digital integrated circuits prentice hall: Part 2impedance circuit nodes. I he latter approach has the advantage that the resulting gate is simpler and faster. Ils design and operalion are however more involved and prone to failure due to an increased sensitivity to noise.In this section, we sequentially address the design of various static circui Ebook Digital integrated circuits prentice hall: Part 2t flavors including complementary CMOS, ratioed logic (pseudo-NMOS and IX'VSL), and pass-transistor logic. The issues of scaling to lower power supplyEbook Digital integrated circuits prentice hall: Part 2
voltages and threshold voltages will also be dealt with.6.2.1 Complementary CMOSCHAPTERDESIGNING COMBINATIONAL LOGIC GATES IN CMOSIn-depth discussion of logic families in CMOS— static and dynamic, pass-transistor, non-ratioed and CHAPTERDESIGNING COMBINATIONAL LOGIC GATES IN CMOSIn-depth discussion of logic families in CMOS— static and dynamic, pass-transistor, non-ratioed andGọi ngay
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