Ebook Human neuroanatomy (2nd edition): Part 2
➤ Gửi thông báo lỗi ⚠️ Báo cáo tài liệu vi phạmNội dung chi tiết: Ebook Human neuroanatomy (2nd edition): Part 2
Ebook Human neuroanatomy (2nd edition): Part 2
CHAPTER 1 2The Visual System12.1RETINA12.2VISUAL PATH12.3INJURIES TO THE VISUAL SYSTEMFURTHER READINGVision, including the appreciation oí I ho color, Ebook Human neuroanatomy (2nd edition): Part 2, form (size, shape, and orionlalion), and motion OÍ objects as well as their depth, is somatic afferent sensation served by the visual apparatus including the retinae, optic nerves, optic chiasm, lateral geniculate nuclei, optic tracts, optic radiations, and visual areas in tile cerebral cortex.12. Ebook Human neuroanatomy (2nd edition): Part 21RETINAThe photoreceptive part of the visual system, the retina, is part of tire inner tunic of the eye. 1 he retina has 10 layers, that can be divideEbook Human neuroanatomy (2nd edition): Part 2
d into an outermost, single layer of pigmented cells (layer 1), the pigmented layer, and a neural part, the neural layer (layers 2-9).12.1.1Pigmented CHAPTER 1 2The Visual System12.1RETINA12.2VISUAL PATH12.3INJURIES TO THE VISUAL SYSTEMFURTHER READINGVision, including the appreciation oí I ho color, Ebook Human neuroanatomy (2nd edition): Part 2pigmented epithelium (Rl’E), a simple cuboidal epithelium with cytoplasmic granules of melanin. Age-related decrease and regional variations in melanin concentration in the pigmented layer* occur in humans. The pigmented layer*(Fig. 12.1) adjoins a basement membrane adjoining choroidal connective ti Ebook Human neuroanatomy (2nd edition): Part 2ssue. The free surfaces of these pigmented cells are adjacent to the lips of the Ollier segments of specialized neurons modified to serve as photoreceEbook Human neuroanatomy (2nd edition): Part 2
ptors. One pigmented epithelial cell may contact about 30 photoreceptors in the primate retina. Outer segments of one type of photoreceptor, tire rodsCHAPTER 1 2The Visual System12.1RETINA12.2VISUAL PATH12.3INJURIES TO THE VISUAL SYSTEMFURTHER READINGVision, including the appreciation oí I ho color, Ebook Human neuroanatomy (2nd edition): Part 2hotoreceptors from excess light. They also cany out resynlhesis and isomerization of visual pigments that reach the outer segments of retinal photoreceptors. Pigmented colls demonstrate phagocytic activity, engulfing the apical tips of outer segments of retinal rods detached in the process of renewa Ebook Human neuroanatomy (2nd edition): Part 2l. Age-related accumulation of lipofuscin granules takes place in the epithelial cells throughout the pigmented layer’.12.1.2Neural layerTito neural lEbook Human neuroanatomy (2nd edition): Part 2
ayer corresponds to the remaining niIto layers of the retina (layers 2-10) illustrated, in part, in Fig. 12.1. Layer 2 is the layer of inner and outerCHAPTER 1 2The Visual System12.1RETINA12.2VISUAL PATH12.3INJURIES TO THE VISUAL SYSTEMFURTHER READINGVision, including the appreciation oí I ho color, Ebook Human neuroanatomy (2nd edition): Part 217 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Published 2017 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.Companion website: www.wiJey.com/go/Augustine/HumanNeuroanatomy2e188 ••• CHAPTER 12Direction otincoming lightOptic fibresLayer of nerve fibers (9)Bipolar neuronOuter plexjform layer (5)----Pigmented layer (1)Ganglionic neuron layer Ebook Human neuroanatomy (2nd edition): Part 2(8)Inner plexrtorm layer (7)Outer segmentOla coneOuter segment of a rodDirection ofoutgoing impulseQ) ------------Outer nuclear layer (4)Figure 12.1 •Ebook Human neuroanatomy (2nd edition): Part 2
Heurcnalcrgantrailro of the retina In human?. Ako itustratfd 15 the direction of Incoming tght. Ths stimulates the rods and tones that carry the resiCHAPTER 1 2The Visual System12.1RETINA12.2VISUAL PATH12.3INJURIES TO THE VISUAL SYSTEMFURTHER READINGVision, including the appreciation oí I ho color, Ebook Human neuroanatomy (2nd edition): Part 2hat cattles visual Impulses to the central nervous system. (Source: Adapted from Sjosdand, 1961, and Gardner Gray and O'Rahilly 1975.)layer 4 is the outer nuclear layer'. Layer 5 is the outer plexi form layer and layer 6 is die inner nuclear layer0. Layer 7 is the inner plexiform layer7 and layer 8 Ebook Human neuroanatomy (2nd edition): Part 2is theganglionic layer*. Iayer 9 is Ihe layer of nerve libers" and layer in is the inner limiting layer10. Several types of retinal neurons (Fig. 12.1Ebook Human neuroanatomy (2nd edition): Part 2
), interneurons, supporting cells and neuroglial colls occur in those nine layers. Most synapses in the retina occur in live outer5 and inner plexifonCHAPTER 1 2The Visual System12.1RETINA12.2VISUAL PATH12.3INJURIES TO THE VISUAL SYSTEMFURTHER READINGVision, including the appreciation oí I ho color, Ebook Human neuroanatomy (2nd edition): Part 2a series of fine striations near the inner surface of the retina. Such striations represent bundles of individual axons. Recognition of this normal pattern of striations often aids in early diagnosis of certain injuries. Retinal astrocytes, a neuroglial element, also occur in Hie layer of nerve fill Ebook Human neuroanatomy (2nd edition): Part 2ers0.12.1.3Other retinal elementsCHAPTER 1 2The Visual System12.1RETINA12.2VISUAL PATH12.3INJURIES TO THE VISUAL SYSTEMFURTHER READINGVision, including the appreciation oí I ho color,CHAPTER 1 2The Visual System12.1RETINA12.2VISUAL PATH12.3INJURIES TO THE VISUAL SYSTEMFURTHER READINGVision, including the appreciation oí I ho color,Gọi ngay
Chat zalo
Facebook