Ebook Malocclusion - causes, complications and treatment: Part 2
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Ebook Malocclusion - causes, complications and treatment: Part 2
Chapter 13Health promotion and health educationIntroductionrhe terms health promotion and health education arc sometimes confused. Both arc strategics Ebook Malocclusion - causes, complications and treatment: Part 2s aimed at improving the public health, but while the concepts are complementary they arc not synonymous.Health promotion involves the empowerment of the community in improving its health through education, through the provision of preventive health sen-ices and by improvement of the social, physica Ebook Malocclusion - causes, complications and treatment: Part 2l and economic environments.Health education is the empowerment of individuals through increased knowledge and understanding, hut docs not involve theEbook Malocclusion - causes, complications and treatment: Part 2
political advocacy necessary in health promotion.The health strategies that emerged during the 19th century- were in some ways similar to those that Chapter 13Health promotion and health educationIntroductionrhe terms health promotion and health education arc sometimes confused. Both arc strategics Ebook Malocclusion - causes, complications and treatment: Part 2lthy public policies, introducing preventive strategies (e.g. sanitation and vaccination) and encouraging better health through education. Another step in the development of health promotion was the Peckham Pioneer Health Centre project, which began in south London in the 1930s. It provided conventi Ebook Malocclusion - causes, complications and treatment: Part 2onal health care and health education together within an environment that supported community development through the provision of recreational and spEbook Malocclusion - causes, complications and treatment: Part 2
orts facilities.The new public healthA new public health initiative was heralded by the Lalonde Report for the Canadian Government (1974), which incorChapter 13Health promotion and health educationIntroductionrhe terms health promotion and health education arc sometimes confused. Both arc strategics Ebook Malocclusion - causes, complications and treatment: Part 2health.Lalonde's four health factors1Genetic and biological factors2Behavioural and attitudinal factors—the so-called lifestyle factors3Fnvironmental factors, whkh include economic, social, cultural and physical factors4I he organization of health care systemsA growing awareness of the factors that Ebook Malocclusion - causes, complications and treatment: Part 2influence health encouraged people with an interest in prevention to involve organizations and institutions not usually primarily concerned with healtEbook Malocclusion - causes, complications and treatment: Part 2
h. This led to the concept of Healthy Cities, which also originated in Canada and was subsequently-embraced by' the World Health Organization (WHO), sChapter 13Health promotion and health educationIntroductionrhe terms health promotion and health education arc sometimes confused. Both arc strategics Ebook Malocclusion - causes, complications and treatment: Part 2hester, Newcastle, Camden, Belfast and Glasgow. More information about Healthy96Health promotion and education Chapter 13Cities can be found at the WHO website www.who.dk/healthy-cities/. At the same time the role of the UK Health Education Council, which was set up in 1968, was expanded to include Ebook Malocclusion - causes, complications and treatment: Part 2public policy advice and social and environmental issues in addition to the provision and distribution of health education material.rhe key componentsEbook Malocclusion - causes, complications and treatment: Part 2
of health promotion were defined in a charter agreed at the first International Conference on Health Promotion held in Ottawa in 1986. This suggestedChapter 13Health promotion and health educationIntroductionrhe terms health promotion and health education arc sometimes confused. Both arc strategics Ebook Malocclusion - causes, complications and treatment: Part 2 increase control over, and to improve, their health. To reach a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being., an individual or group must be able to identify and to realize aspirations, to satisfy- needs and to change or CO|X- with the environment. Health is therefore seen as a resourc Ebook Malocclusion - causes, complications and treatment: Part 2e for everyday life, not the objective of living. Health is a positive concept emphasizing social and [K-rsonal resources, as well as physical capabilEbook Malocclusion - causes, complications and treatment: Part 2
ities. Therefore, health promotion is not just the resfKmsibilily of the health sector, but goes beyond healthy life-styles to well-being.It also propChapter 13Health promotion and health educationIntroductionrhe terms health promotion and health education arc sometimes confused. Both arc strategics Ebook Malocclusion - causes, complications and treatment: Part 2to enable all people to achieve their fullest health potential'. The five areas for health promotion action were as follows.The Ottawa Charter1Building healthy public policy2Creating supportive environments3Strengthening community action4Developing personal skills5Reorientating the health servicesBu Ebook Malocclusion - causes, complications and treatment: Part 2ilding healthy public policy To encourage policy' makers in organizations and government to place health on their agenda. This may include efforts toiEbook Malocclusion - causes, complications and treatment: Part 2
dentify and remove obstacles to healthy policies so that these become the easier choice.Creating supportive environments To create living and working Chapter 13Health promotion and health educationIntroductionrhe terms health promotion and health education arc sometimes confused. Both arc strategics Ebook Malocclusion - causes, complications and treatment: Part 2onservation of natural resources.Strengthening community action To work through effective community action in setting priorities, making decisions, planning strategies and implementing them to achieve better health.Developing personal skills To support social and personal development through the pro Ebook Malocclusion - causes, complications and treatment: Part 2vision of information, health education and the development of individual skills.Reorientating the health services To encourage health service provideEbook Malocclusion - causes, complications and treatment: Part 2
rs to look beyond their mandate for clinical and curative services and ensure that health services are aimed at the pursuit of health rather than onlyChapter 13Health promotion and health educationIntroductionrhe terms health promotion and health education arc sometimes confused. Both arc strategics Ebook Malocclusion - causes, complications and treatment: Part 2asm seems to have waned, rhe UK adopted health targets in line with ‘Health for All by the Year 2000' in 1990. and in 1999 a new set of goals were outlined in Our Healthier Nation. These targets are aimed primarily' al action by the health services without a commitment to changes in public policy'. Ebook Malocclusion - causes, complications and treatment: Part 2They include targets to improve health outcomes in relation to cancer, coronary heart disease and stroke, accidents and mental health. There are a numEbook Malocclusion - causes, complications and treatment: Part 2
ber of difficulties in adopting the health promotion approach. 1 he long interval between the adoption of preventive strategics and measurable improveChapter 13Health promotion and health educationIntroductionrhe terms health promotion and health education arc sometimes confused. Both arc strategics Ebook Malocclusion - causes, complications and treatment: Part 2nd altering public policies are time consuming, and are often politically controversial.Many health promotion programmes have been initiated without a clear commitment to evaluate97 Ebook Malocclusion - causes, complications and treatment: Part 2Chapter 13Health promotion and health educationIntroductionrhe terms health promotion and health education arc sometimes confused. Both arc strategicsGọi ngay
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