Ebook Primary FRCA: OSCEs in anaesthesia – Part 2 (William Simpson)
➤ Gửi thông báo lỗi ⚠️ Báo cáo tài liệu vi phạmNội dung chi tiết: Ebook Primary FRCA: OSCEs in anaesthesia – Part 2 (William Simpson)
Ebook Primary FRCA: OSCEs in anaesthesia – Part 2 (William Simpson)
Section 6Radiology1Chest X-rayCandidate's instructionsPlease look at this X-ray of a 34-year-old intravenous drug user who has presented with acute sh Ebook Primary FRCA: OSCEs in anaesthesia – Part 2 (William Simpson)hortness of breath and a history of nonproductive cough, fever and rigors.Mobile AP ErectQuestions1Please interpret this X-ray2Is active infection likely?3Is there any evidence of left lower lobe collapse?4Which abnormality needs immediate management?5Can this occur during anaesthesia?6Is there any Ebook Primary FRCA: OSCEs in anaesthesia – Part 2 (William Simpson)evidence of surgical emphysema?7What single intervention is required before intubation and ventilation?8Is nitrous oxide safe to use in this patient?Ebook Primary FRCA: OSCEs in anaesthesia – Part 2 (William Simpson)
Why?9Why might the patient experience cardiovascular collapse?10Give three causes of pneumothorax.135Section 6: Radiology - Chest X-rayAnswers1This isSection 6Radiology1Chest X-rayCandidate's instructionsPlease look at this X-ray of a 34-year-old intravenous drug user who has presented with acute sh Ebook Primary FRCA: OSCEs in anaesthesia – Part 2 (William Simpson)eviation to the left. There arc significant bilateral infiltrates with left upper lobe opacification and left lower lobe collapse.2Yes. The history is more important here than the X-ray findings (although they are also suggestive of active infection). This chest X-ray actually demonstrates active TB Ebook Primary FRCA: OSCEs in anaesthesia – Part 2 (William Simpson) with formation of a cavitating lesion.3There is left lower lobe collapse. Although difficult to determine because of mediastinal shift, you can makeEbook Primary FRCA: OSCEs in anaesthesia – Part 2 (William Simpson)
out the more dense collapsed left lower lobe that gives the appearance of a double heart border.4The pneumothorax needs immediate attention as it coulSection 6Radiology1Chest X-rayCandidate's instructionsPlease look at this X-ray of a 34-year-old intravenous drug user who has presented with acute sh Ebook Primary FRCA: OSCEs in anaesthesia – Part 2 (William Simpson)physema. Surgical emphysema might be more likely if there were rib fractures or if a chest drain had been inserted.7Before considering intubating and ventilating this patient, you would insert a chest drain. Positive pressure ventilation without a chest drain in this case would produce a tension pne Ebook Primary FRCA: OSCEs in anaesthesia – Part 2 (William Simpson)umothorax, leading to severe cardiovasular collapse, markedly impaired gas exchange and potentially cardiac arrest.8Nitrous oxide diffuses down its coEbook Primary FRCA: OSCEs in anaesthesia – Part 2 (William Simpson)
ncentration gradient from the blood into the pneumothorax, leading to an increase in volume and pressure within the cavity, exacerbating any tensioninSection 6Radiology1Chest X-rayCandidate's instructionsPlease look at this X-ray of a 34-year-old intravenous drug user who has presented with acute sh Ebook Primary FRCA: OSCEs in anaesthesia – Part 2 (William Simpson)t would fall and the result would be profound hypotension with a compensatory tachycardia.10Causes of pneumothorax include:•Primary spontaneous - in the absence of any underlying hmg disease•Secondary spontaneous - occurs when there is known lung disease such as TB, COPD, malignancy•Trauma - penetra Ebook Primary FRCA: OSCEs in anaesthesia – Part 2 (William Simpson)ting chest wall injury, rib fractures, blunt trauma•Iatrogenic - 1PPV, central line insertion, nerve blocks (paravertebral, interscalene, supraclavicuEbook Primary FRCA: OSCEs in anaesthesia – Part 2 (William Simpson)
lar), barotrauma136Section 6Radiology1Chest X-rayCandidate's instructionsPlease look at this X-ray of a 34-year-old intravenous drug user who has presented with acute shSection 6Radiology1Chest X-rayCandidate's instructionsPlease look at this X-ray of a 34-year-old intravenous drug user who has presented with acute shGọi ngay
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