Ebook Statistics for business and economics (11/E): Part 2
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Ebook Statistics for business and economics (11/E): Part 2
CHAPTER 12Tests of Goodness of Fit and IndependenceCONTENTSSTATISTICS IN PRACTICE:UNITED WAY12.1GOODNESS or FIT TEST: A MULTINOMIAL POPULATION12.2I KS Ebook Statistics for business and economics (11/E): Part 2S I OF INDEPENDENCE12.3(KX)DNESS OF FITTEST: POISSON AND NORMAL DISTRIBUTIONS Poissun Distribution Normal DistributionFind more at www.downloadslide.com Statistics in Practice473STATISTICS in PRACTICEUNITED WAY* ROCHESTER. NEW YORKUnited Way of Greater Rochester is a nonprofit organization dedicated Ebook Statistics for business and economics (11/E): Part 2 to improving the quality of life for all people in the seven counties it serves by meeting the community's Ittosi important human care needs.The annuEbook Statistics for business and economics (11/E): Part 2
al United Way/Rcd Cross fund-raising campaign, conducted each spring, funds hundreds of programs offered by more than 200 service providers. These proCHAPTER 12Tests of Goodness of Fit and IndependenceCONTENTSSTATISTICS IN PRACTICE:UNITED WAY12.1GOODNESS or FIT TEST: A MULTINOMIAL POPULATION12.2I KS Ebook Statistics for business and economics (11/E): Part 2us volunteer involvement. United Way of Greater Rochester is able to hold its op crating costs al just eight cents of every dollar raised.The United Way of Greater Rochester decided to conduct a survey to learn more about community perceptions of charities. Focus group interviews were lield with pro Ebook Statistics for business and economics (11/E): Part 2fessional, service, and general worker groups to gel preliminary information on perceptions. The infer mation obtained was then used to help develop tEbook Statistics for business and economics (11/E): Part 2
he questionnaire for the survey. The questionnaire was pretested, modified, and distributed to 440 individuals; 323 com pleled questionnaires were obtCHAPTER 12Tests of Goodness of Fit and IndependenceCONTENTSSTATISTICS IN PRACTICE:UNITED WAY12.1GOODNESS or FIT TEST: A MULTINOMIAL POPULATION12.2I KS Ebook Statistics for business and economics (11/E): Part 2 part of the analysis involved the use of contingency tables and chi square tests of independence. One use of such statistical tests was to determine whether perceptions of administrative expenses were independent of occupation.The hypotheses for the test of independence were:H(ỳ Perception of Unite Ebook Statistics for business and economics (11/E): Part 2d Way administrative expenses is independent of the occupation of the respondent."The authors arc indebted to Dr. Fhilp R ỉyỉcr, marketing conuÀant toEbook Statistics for business and economics (11/E): Part 2
the United Way, lor providing this Statistics in Proơĩce.United Way programs meet the needs of children as well as adults. © Ed Bock/CORBIS.Ha: PerceCHAPTER 12Tests of Goodness of Fit and IndependenceCONTENTSSTATISTICS IN PRACTICE:UNITED WAY12.1GOODNESS or FIT TEST: A MULTINOMIAL POPULATION12.2I KS Ebook Statistics for business and economics (11/E): Part 2he statistical lest. One question obtained data on perceptions of the percentage of funds going to administrative expenses (upto 10%, 11-20%, and 21% or more). The other question asked for the occupation of the respondent.The chi square lest at a .05 level of significance led to rejection of the nul Ebook Statistics for business and economics (11/E): Part 2l hypothesis of independence and to the conclusion that perceptions of United Way's administrative expenses did vary by occupation. Actual administratEbook Statistics for business and economics (11/E): Part 2
ive expenses were less than 9%, but 35% of the respondents perceived that administrative expenses were 21% or more. Hence, many had inaccurate percep CHAPTER 12Tests of Goodness of Fit and IndependenceCONTENTSSTATISTICS IN PRACTICE:UNITED WAY12.1GOODNESS or FIT TEST: A MULTINOMIAL POPULATION12.2I KS Ebook Statistics for business and economics (11/E): Part 2an other groups.The community perceptions study helped United Way of Rochester to develop adjustments to its programs and fund-raising activities. In this chapter, you will learn how a statistical test of independence, such as that described here. IS conducted.In Chapter 11 we showed how the chi-squ Ebook Statistics for business and economics (11/E): Part 2are distribution could be used in estimation and in hypothesis tests about a population variance. In Chapter 12. we introduce two additional hypothesiEbook Statistics for business and economics (11/E): Part 2
s testing procedures, both based on the use of the chi-square distribution. Like other hypothesis testing procedures, these tests compare sample resulCHAPTER 12Tests of Goodness of Fit and IndependenceCONTENTSSTATISTICS IN PRACTICE:UNITED WAY12.1GOODNESS or FIT TEST: A MULTINOMIAL POPULATION12.2I KS Ebook Statistics for business and economics (11/E): Part 2e to the expected results.Find more at www.downloadslide.com474The assumptions for the multinomial experiment ftaraiM thine for the binomial ea/MTimcnt with the exception that the multinomial has three or more outcomes per trail.Chapter 12 Te$J$ of Goodnew of Fil and IndependenceIn the following sec Ebook Statistics for business and economics (11/E): Part 2tion we introduce a goodness of fit test for a multinomial population. Later we discuss the test for independence using contingency tables and then shEbook Statistics for business and economics (11/E): Part 2
ow goodness of fit tests for the Poisson and normal distributions.Goodness of Fit Test:A Multinomial PopulationIn this section we consider the case inCHAPTER 12Tests of Goodness of Fit and IndependenceCONTENTSSTATISTICS IN PRACTICE:UNITED WAY12.1GOODNESS or FIT TEST: A MULTINOMIAL POPULATION12.2I KS Ebook Statistics for business and economics (11/E): Part 2he multinomial distribution can be thought of as an extension of the binomial distribution to the case of three or more categories of outcomes. On each trial of a multinomial experiment, one and only one of the outcomes occurs. Each trial of the experiment is assumed to be independent, anil the prob Ebook Statistics for business and economics (11/E): Part 2abilities of the outcomes remain the same for each trial.As an example, consider the market share study being conducted by Scott Marketing Research. OEbook Statistics for business and economics (11/E): Part 2
ver the past year market shares stabilized al 30% for company A. 50% for company B. and 20% for company c. Recently company c developed a “new and impCHAPTER 12Tests of Goodness of Fit and IndependenceCONTENTSSTATISTICS IN PRACTICE:UNITED WAY12.1GOODNESS or FIT TEST: A MULTINOMIAL POPULATION12.2I KS Ebook Statistics for business and economics (11/E): Part 2 market shares.In lhisca.sc, the population of interest isa multinomial population; each customer is classified as buying from company A, company B. or company c. Thus, w e have a multinomial population with three outcomes. Let US use the follow ing notation for the proportions.pA = market share for Ebook Statistics for business and economics (11/E): Part 2 company ACHAPTER 12Tests of Goodness of Fit and IndependenceCONTENTSSTATISTICS IN PRACTICE:UNITED WAY12.1GOODNESS or FIT TEST: A MULTINOMIAL POPULATION12.2I KSCHAPTER 12Tests of Goodness of Fit and IndependenceCONTENTSSTATISTICS IN PRACTICE:UNITED WAY12.1GOODNESS or FIT TEST: A MULTINOMIAL POPULATION12.2I KSGọi ngay
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