Ebook Therapeutic modalities in rehabilitation (4/E): Part 2
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Ebook Therapeutic modalities in rehabilitation (4/E): Part 2
PART FOURSound Energy Modalitieschapter 10Therapeutic UltrasoundDavid o. Draper and William E. PrenticeOBJECTIVESFollowing completion of this chapter, Ebook Therapeutic modalities in rehabilitation (4/E): Part 2, the student will be able to:Analyze the transmission of acoustic energy in biologic tissues relative to waveforms, frequency; velocity, and attenuation.X Break down the basic physics involved in the production of a beam of therapeutic ultrasound.X Compare both the thermal and nonthermal physiologi Ebook Therapeutic modalities in rehabilitation (4/E): Part 2c effects of therapeutic ultrasound.Evaluate specific techniques of application of therapeutic ultrasound and how they may be modified to achieve treaEbook Therapeutic modalities in rehabilitation (4/E): Part 2
tment goals.>• Choose the most appropriate and clinically effective uses for therapeutic ultrasound. Explain the technique and clinical application ofPART FOURSound Energy Modalitieschapter 10Therapeutic UltrasoundDavid o. Draper and William E. PrenticeOBJECTIVESFollowing completion of this chapter, Ebook Therapeutic modalities in rehabilitation (4/E): Part 2 is a modality that is used for a number of different purposes including diagnosis, destruction of tissue, and as a therapeutic agent. Diagnostic ultrasound has been used for more than 50 years for the purpose of imaging internal structures. Historically, diagnostic ultrasound has been used to image Ebook Therapeutic modalities in rehabilitation (4/E): Part 2 the fetus during pregnancy. More recently, with a reduction of equipment costs, significant improvements in image resolution, real-time ultrasonograpEbook Therapeutic modalities in rehabilitation (4/E): Part 2
hic imaging and detailed anatomic imaging, diagnostic ultrasound has expanded to various clinical practices that evaluate, diagnose, and treat musculoPART FOURSound Energy Modalitieschapter 10Therapeutic UltrasoundDavid o. Draper and William E. PrenticeOBJECTIVESFollowing completion of this chapter, Ebook Therapeutic modalities in rehabilitation (4/E): Part 2as also been used to produce extreme tissue hyperthermia that has been demonstrated to have tumoricidal effects in cancer patients.In clinical practice, ultrasound is one of the most widely used therapeuticmodalities in addition to superficial heat and cold and electrical stimulating currents.- It h Ebook Therapeutic modalities in rehabilitation (4/E): Part 2as been used tor therapeutic purposes as a valuable tool in the rehabilitation of many different injuries primarily for the purpose of stimulating theEbook Therapeutic modalities in rehabilitation (4/E): Part 2
repair of soft-tissue injuries and for relief of pain/' although some studies have questioned its efficiency as a treatment modal ity.-As discussed iPART FOURSound Energy Modalitieschapter 10Therapeutic UltrasoundDavid o. Draper and William E. PrenticeOBJECTIVESFollowing completion of this chapter, Ebook Therapeutic modalities in rehabilitation (4/E): Part 2ency that may produce either thermal or nonthermal physiologic effects? rhe use of ultrasound as a therapeutic agent may be extremely effective if the clinician has an adequate understanding of its effects on biologic tissues and of the physical mechanisms by which these effects are produced.-ULTRAS Ebook Therapeutic modalities in rehabilitation (4/E): Part 2OUND AS A HEATING MODALITYChapter 9 discusses heat as a treatment modality. Warm whirlpools, paraffin baths, and hot packs, to name a few, all produceEbook Therapeutic modalities in rehabilitation (4/E): Part 2
therapeutic heat. However, the depth of penetration of these modalities is superficial and at best only 1-2 cm.6 Ultrasound, along with diathermy, haPART FOURSound Energy Modalitieschapter 10Therapeutic UltrasoundDavid o. Draper and William E. PrenticeOBJECTIVESFollowing completion of this chapter, Ebook Therapeutic modalities in rehabilitation (4/E): Part 2......................................................... 1Ultrasound•is one of the most widely used modalities in health care.•Ultrasound and diathermy = deep heating modalitiesI-----------------------------------------------------------------------1Suppose a patient is lacking dorsiflexion. It is Ebook Therapeutic modalities in rehabilitation (4/E): Part 2determined through evaluation that a tight soleus is the problem, and as a clinician your desire is to use lhermolhcrapy followed by stretching. WillEbook Therapeutic modalities in rehabilitation (4/E): Part 2
superficial heat adequately prepare this muscle to be stretched? Since the soleus lies deep under the gastrocnemius muscle, it is beyond the reach of PART FOURSound Energy Modalitieschapter 10Therapeutic UltrasoundDavid o. Draper and William E. PrenticeOBJECTIVESFollowing completion of this chapter, Ebook Therapeutic modalities in rehabilitation (4/E): Part 2of silicate gel hot packs and warm whirlpools have been compared with ultrasound. At an inttamuscular depth of 3 cm, a 10-minute hot pack treatment yields an increase of 0.8°C, whereas at this same depth, 1 MHz ultrasound raises muscle temperature nearly 4°c in 10 minutes.-^ At I cm below the fat su Ebook Therapeutic modalities in rehabilitation (4/E): Part 2rface, a 4-minute warm whirlpool (40.6°C) raises the temperature however, at this same depth, 3MHzultrasound raises (he temperature 4°c in 4 minutes.2Ebook Therapeutic modalities in rehabilitation (4/E): Part 2
^-11TRANSMISSION OF ACOUSTIC ENERGY INBIOLOGIC TISSUESUnlike electromagnetic energy, which travels most effectively through a vacuum, acoustic energy PART FOURSound Energy Modalitieschapter 10Therapeutic UltrasoundDavid o. Draper and William E. PrenticeOBJECTIVESFollowing completion of this chapter, Ebook Therapeutic modalities in rehabilitation (4/E): Part 2lecules when set into vibration, so that eventually this “wave” of vibration has propagated through the entire medium. Sound waves travel in a manner similar to waves created by a stone thrown into a pool of water. Ultrasound is a mechanical wave in which energy is transmitted by the vibrations of t Ebook Therapeutic modalities in rehabilitation (4/E): Part 2he molecules of the biologic medium through which the wave is traveling.12Transverse Versus Longitudinal WavesTwo types of waves can travel through aEbook Therapeutic modalities in rehabilitation (4/E): Part 2
solid medium, longitudinal and transverse waves. In a longitudinal wave, the molecular displacement is along the direction in which the wave travels. PART FOURSound Energy Modalitieschapter 10Therapeutic UltrasoundDavid o. Draper and William E. PrenticeOBJECTIVESFollowing completion of this chapter, Ebook Therapeutic modalities in rehabilitation (4/E): Part 2 and regions of lower molecular density called rarefactions (in which (he molecules spread out) (Figure 10-1). This is much like the squeezing and spreading action when using a child’s “slinky” toy. In a transverse wave, the molecules are displaced in a direction perpendicular to the direction in wh Ebook Therapeutic modalities in rehabilitation (4/E): Part 2ich the wave is moving. Although longitudinal waves travel both in solids and liquids, transverse waves can travel only in solids. Because soft tissueEbook Therapeutic modalities in rehabilitation (4/E): Part 2
s are more like liquids, ultrasound travels primarily as a longitudinal wave; however, when it contacts bone a transverse wave results.12Frequency of PART FOURSound Energy Modalitieschapter 10Therapeutic UltrasoundDavid o. Draper and William E. PrenticeOBJECTIVESFollowing completion of this chapter, Ebook Therapeutic modalities in rehabilitation (4/E): Part 2 frequency range for therapeutic ultrasound is between 0.75 and 3 MHz (megahertz = 1,000,000 cycles/s). The higher the frequency of the sound waves emitted from a sound source, (he less the sound will diverge and thus a more focused beam of sound will be produced. In biologic tissues, the lower (he Ebook Therapeutic modalities in rehabilitation (4/E): Part 2frequency of the soundPART FOURSound Energy Modalitieschapter 10Therapeutic UltrasoundDavid o. Draper and William E. PrenticeOBJECTIVESFollowing completion of this chapter,PART FOURSound Energy Modalitieschapter 10Therapeutic UltrasoundDavid o. Draper and William E. PrenticeOBJECTIVESFollowing completion of this chapter,Gọi ngay
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