Methods of increasing the performance of radionuclide generators used in nuclear medicine daughter nuclide build up optimisation, elution purification concentration integration, and effective control of radionuclidic
➤ Gửi thông báo lỗi ⚠️ Báo cáo tài liệu vi phạmNội dung chi tiết: Methods of increasing the performance of radionuclide generators used in nuclear medicine daughter nuclide build up optimisation, elution purification concentration integration, and effective control of radionuclidic
Methods of increasing the performance of radionuclide generators used in nuclear medicine daughter nuclide build up optimisation, elution purification concentration integration, and effective control of radionuclidic
Molecules 2014. 19. 7714-7756: doi: 10.3390 molecules 19067714OPEN ACCESSmoleculesISSN 1420-3049 www.mdpi com journalmolecules ArticleMethods of Incre Methods of increasing the performance of radionuclide generators used in nuclear medicine daughter nuclide build up optimisation, elution purification concentration integration, and effective control of radionuclidic easing the Performance of Radionuclide Generators Used in Nuclear Medicine: Daughter Nuclide Build-Up Optimisation, Elution-Purification-Concentration Integration, and Effective Control of Radionuclidic PurityX an So Le 1’2'*, Zoe Phuc-llien Do Ả Minh Khoi Le 2, Vicki Le 2 and Natalie Nha-Truc Le 21 Methods of increasing the performance of radionuclide generators used in nuclear medicine daughter nuclide build up optimisation, elution purification concentration integration, and effective control of radionuclidic Cyclophaim Lid.. Sydney 223'1. NSW. Australia■ Medical Isotope Techniques (MF.DTSOTFC), I4( I) Dwyer Street. Gymea 2227, NSW. Australia: E-Mails: sohMethods of increasing the performance of radionuclide generators used in nuclear medicine daughter nuclide build up optimisation, elution purification concentration integration, and effective control of radionuclidic
ien tvk@yahoo.com (7..P.-H.D ); minh.kh.le@gmail.com (M.K.L.); vi_3001@holurail.com (V.L.): nalalie.nl.dubs@gmail.com (N.N.-l.L.)* Author to whom corrMolecules 2014. 19. 7714-7756: doi: 10.3390 molecules 19067714OPEN ACCESSmoleculesISSN 1420-3049 www.mdpi com journalmolecules ArticleMethods of Incre Methods of increasing the performance of radionuclide generators used in nuclear medicine daughter nuclide build up optimisation, elution purification concentration integration, and effective control of radionuclidic pted: 5 June 2014 /Published: 10 June 2014Abstract: Methods of increasing the performance of radionuclide generators used in nuclear medicine radiotherapy and SPEC 1 PL 1 imaging were developed and detailed for "Mo/^'Tc and ’’Ge /6sGa radionuclide generators as the cases. Optimisation methods of the Methods of increasing the performance of radionuclide generators used in nuclear medicine daughter nuclide build up optimisation, elution purification concentration integration, and effective control of radionuclidic daughter nuclide build-up versus stand-by lime and or specific activity using mean progress functions were dev eloped for increasing the performanceMethods of increasing the performance of radionuclide generators used in nuclear medicine daughter nuclide build up optimisation, elution purification concentration integration, and effective control of radionuclidic
of radionuclide generators. As a result of this optimisation, rhe separation of rhe daughter nuclide from its parent one should be performed al a defiMolecules 2014. 19. 7714-7756: doi: 10.3390 molecules 19067714OPEN ACCESSmoleculesISSN 1420-3049 www.mdpi com journalmolecules ArticleMethods of Incre Methods of increasing the performance of radionuclide generators used in nuclear medicine daughter nuclide build up optimisation, elution purification concentration integration, and effective control of radionuclidic r nuclide yield is maintained to a reasonably high extent. A new characteristic parameter of the formation-decay kinetics of parent daughter nuclide system was found and effectively used in the practice of the generator production and utilisation. A method of “early elution schedule” was also develo Methods of increasing the performance of radionuclide generators used in nuclear medicine daughter nuclide build up optimisation, elution purification concentration integration, and effective control of radionuclidic ped for increasing the daughter nuclide production yield and specific radioactivity, thus saving the cost of the generator and improv mg the quality oMethods of increasing the performance of radionuclide generators used in nuclear medicine daughter nuclide build up optimisation, elution purification concentration integration, and effective control of radionuclidic
f the daughter radionuclide solution. These newly developed optimisation methods 111 combination with an integrated elution-pui ification-concentratioMolecules 2014. 19. 7714-7756: doi: 10.3390 molecules 19067714OPEN ACCESSmoleculesISSN 1420-3049 www.mdpi com journalmolecules ArticleMethods of Incre Methods of increasing the performance of radionuclide generators used in nuclear medicine daughter nuclide build up optimisation, elution purification concentration integration, and effective control of radionuclidic improvement of purposely suitable quality and specific activity of the produced daughter radionuclides All these features benefit the economic use ofMolecules 2014. /97715the generator, the improved quality of labelling scan, and the lowered cost of nuclear medicine procedure. Besides, a new method Methods of increasing the performance of radionuclide generators used in nuclear medicine daughter nuclide build up optimisation, elution purification concentration integration, and effective control of radionuclidic of quality control piotocol set-up for post-delivery test of radionuclidic purity has been developed based on the relationship between gamma ray spectMethods of increasing the performance of radionuclide generators used in nuclear medicine daughter nuclide build up optimisation, elution purification concentration integration, and effective control of radionuclidic
rometric detection limit, required limit of impure radionuclide activity and its measurement certainty with respect to optimising decay measurement tiMolecules 2014. 19. 7714-7756: doi: 10.3390 molecules 19067714OPEN ACCESSmoleculesISSN 1420-3049 www.mdpi com journalmolecules ArticleMethods of Incre Methods of increasing the performance of radionuclide generators used in nuclear medicine daughter nuclide build up optimisation, elution purification concentration integration, and effective control of radionuclidic d avoids wasting the useful amount of valuable purified concentrated daughter nuclide product. This process is important for the spectrometric measurement of very low activity of impure radionuclide contamination in the radioisotope products of much higher activity used ill medical imaging and targe Methods of increasing the performance of radionuclide generators used in nuclear medicine daughter nuclide build up optimisation, elution purification concentration integration, and effective control of radionuclidic ted radiotherapy.Keywords: radionuclide generator" radioisotope concentrator; mean progress function; optimal build-up time: effective specific activiMethods of increasing the performance of radionuclide generators used in nuclear medicine daughter nuclide build up optimisation, elution purification concentration integration, and effective control of radionuclidic
ty; radionuclidic purity; nuclear medicine: radiopharmaceutical: ‘WmTc; 6SGa1. IntroductionToday most radionuclide generators are used for nuclear medMolecules 2014. 19. 7714-7756: doi: 10.3390 molecules 19067714OPEN ACCESSmoleculesISSN 1420-3049 www.mdpi com journalmolecules ArticleMethods of Incre Methods of increasing the performance of radionuclide generators used in nuclear medicine daughter nuclide build up optimisation, elution purification concentration integration, and effective control of radionuclidic Sr/'^Rb, 6*Gc?sGa. KZiA’u, 18*W/188Rc, *»Sr/*>Y, and l<*Dy/lwllo among which the "Mo/^Tc generator is used most effectively. Other generator systems are used to some extent or are under development. More than 80% of diagnostic imaging procedures of nuclear medicine based on ?'"Tc-radiophaimaceutical Methods of increasing the performance of radionuclide generators used in nuclear medicine daughter nuclide build up optimisation, elution purification concentration integration, and effective control of radionuclidic s are performed world-wide every year, rhe short-lived gamma or positron emitting radioisotopes produced from radionuclide generators are effectivelyMethods of increasing the performance of radionuclide generators used in nuclear medicine daughter nuclide build up optimisation, elution purification concentration integration, and effective control of radionuclidic
used in diagnostic nuclear medicine and in biomedical research, while the generator-produced long-lived beta- and alpha-emitting radioisotopes are useMolecules 2014. 19. 7714-7756: doi: 10.3390 molecules 19067714OPEN ACCESSmoleculesISSN 1420-3049 www.mdpi com journalmolecules ArticleMethods of Incre Methods of increasing the performance of radionuclide generators used in nuclear medicine daughter nuclide build up optimisation, elution purification concentration integration, and effective control of radionuclidic sGa and ’’Rb in positron emission tomography (PEI) for diagnostic imaging. Expansion of the use of radionuclides produced hour radionuclide generators IS always desirable, subsequently benefiting superiority of the SPEC! and PFT-based molecular imaging technique Usually, a radionuclide generator, or Methods of increasing the performance of radionuclide generators used in nuclear medicine daughter nuclide build up optimisation, elution purification concentration integration, and effective control of radionuclidic colloquially a “radioisotope cow” IS a device used to extract the short-lived daughter nuclide generated fiom the radioactive decay of long-lived parMethods of increasing the performance of radionuclide generators used in nuclear medicine daughter nuclide build up optimisation, elution purification concentration integration, and effective control of radionuclidic
ent nuclide. As such. It can be easily transported over long distances to radiopharmacies where its decay product daughter radionuclide is extracted fMolecules 2014. 19. 7714-7756: doi: 10.3390 molecules 19067714OPEN ACCESSmoleculesISSN 1420-3049 www.mdpi com journalmolecules ArticleMethods of Incre Methods of increasing the performance of radionuclide generators used in nuclear medicine daughter nuclide build up optimisation, elution purification concentration integration, and effective control of radionuclidic r, the acceptability of a radionuclide generator to be used HI nuclear diagnostic therapeutic procedures and the quality of SPECT imaging diagnosis and or endo-radiotherapy are controlled by the generator design and Its operation management “daughter nuclide milking” schedule. The efficacy of a radi Methods of increasing the performance of radionuclide generators used in nuclear medicine daughter nuclide build up optimisation, elution purification concentration integration, and effective control of radionuclidic onuclide generator used in nuclear medicine depends on the concentration and specific radioactivity (SX) of the daughter nuclide in the solution produMethods of increasing the performance of radionuclide generators used in nuclear medicine daughter nuclide build up optimisation, elution purification concentration integration, and effective control of radionuclidic
ced from the generator, because the volume and the mass of bio-medically active radiolabelled agents used 111 oneMolecules 2014.197716given injection Molecules 2014. 19. 7714-7756: doi: 10.3390 molecules 19067714OPEN ACCESSmoleculesISSN 1420-3049 www.mdpi com journalmolecules ArticleMethods of Incre Methods of increasing the performance of radionuclide generators used in nuclear medicine daughter nuclide build up optimisation, elution purification concentration integration, and effective control of radionuclidic ody. Daughter nuclide concentration is determined by the radioactivity yield of each “milking’Vehition of the generator and the final volume of the daughter nuclide solution. Illis solution volume is fixed and defined by the generator design which is dictated by a given radiochemical processing proc Methods of increasing the performance of radionuclide generators used in nuclear medicine daughter nuclide build up optimisation, elution purification concentration integration, and effective control of radionuclidic ess. However, the specific radioactivity of (S.-Í) of the daughter nuclide IS affected by the "milking" schedule only.Additionally, the cost-effectiveMethods of increasing the performance of radionuclide generators used in nuclear medicine daughter nuclide build up optimisation, elution purification concentration integration, and effective control of radionuclidic
utilisation of the generator is controlled by the daughter nuclide yield obtained fol the whole lifetime of a given generator, which is the sum of yiMolecules 2014. 19. 7714-7756: doi: 10.3390 molecules 19067714OPEN ACCESSmoleculesISSN 1420-3049 www.mdpi com journalmolecules ArticleMethods of Incre Methods of increasing the performance of radionuclide generators used in nuclear medicine daughter nuclide build up optimisation, elution purification concentration integration, and effective control of radionuclidic enerator. Ill conclusion, for an established design of generator system, the build-up lime schedule of the daughter nuclide for the generator operation management will determine not only the concentration and specific radioactivity of the daughter nuclide solution obtained from the generator but als Methods of increasing the performance of radionuclide generators used in nuclear medicine daughter nuclide build up optimisation, elution purification concentration integration, and effective control of radionuclidic o the cost-effective utilisation of the generator system. Hills the effective utilisation of the generator is experienced as a result of proper “milkiMethods of increasing the performance of radionuclide generators used in nuclear medicine daughter nuclide build up optimisation, elution purification concentration integration, and effective control of radionuclidic
ng" management based on the optimal schedule of the daughter nuclide build-up time. Similarly, the optimisation in the daughter nuclide decay lime schMolecules 2014. 19. 7714-7756: doi: 10.3390 molecules 19067714OPEN ACCESSmoleculesISSN 1420-3049 www.mdpi com journalmolecules ArticleMethods of Incre Methods of increasing the performance of radionuclide generators used in nuclear medicine daughter nuclide build up optimisation, elution purification concentration integration, and effective control of radionuclidic erefore the report on this issue is also included in this article.With lire success in the development of the integrated elulioii-puiificalioii-concenlialion systems (RADIGIS-Radioisotopc Generator Integrated System) and the radioisotope concentrator device UT.TRAT.UTF/ to achieve a small volume (- Methods of increasing the performance of radionuclide generators used in nuclear medicine daughter nuclide build up optimisation, elution purification concentration integration, and effective control of radionuclidic 1.0 mT.) of the product solution of daughter nuclide obtained fiom the variable design of the generator systems as reported in our previous papers fl-Methods of increasing the performance of radionuclide generators used in nuclear medicine daughter nuclide build up optimisation, elution purification concentration integration, and effective control of radionuclidic
101, the optimisation methods of radionuclide generator operation management as mentioned above w ill in turn become rhe most important subject to be Molecules 2014. 19. 7714-7756: doi: 10.3390 molecules 19067714OPEN ACCESSmoleculesISSN 1420-3049 www.mdpi com journalmolecules ArticleMethods of Incre Methods of increasing the performance of radionuclide generators used in nuclear medicine daughter nuclide build up optimisation, elution purification concentration integration, and effective control of radionuclidic nd-by lime of the generator for each “milking”) for the generator operation have been available ill the literature until now. Our present work is focused on providing the optimisation methods first time developed for the radionuclide generator operation management lo increase the effectiveness of th Methods of increasing the performance of radionuclide generators used in nuclear medicine daughter nuclide build up optimisation, elution purification concentration integration, and effective control of radionuclidic e radionuclide generator utilisation.2. Theoretical Approach and Method Development2.1. Daughter Nuclide Build-Up Optimisation for Improvement of ProdMethods of increasing the performance of radionuclide generators used in nuclear medicine daughter nuclide build up optimisation, elution purification concentration integration, and effective control of radionuclidic
uction Yield and Specific Rad ioacti 1 7Ạ •General consideration: For the reason of ensuring a convenient and effective radiochemical separation, theGọi ngay
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