Social media and hate crime
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Social media and hate crime
Fanning the Flames of Hate: Social Media and Hate Crime'Karsten Millie? and Carlo Schwarz*43987AbstractThis paper investigates the link between social Social media and hate crime l media and hale crime. Wo show that anti-refugee sentiment on Facebook predicts crimes against refugees in otherwise similar municipalities with higher social media usage. To establish causality, wo exploit exogenous variation ill the timing of major Facebook and internet outages. Consistent with a Social media and hate crime role for “echo chambers". we find that right-wing social media posts contain narrower and more loaded content than news reports. Our results suggestSocial media and hate crime
that social media can act as a propagation mechanism for violent crimes by enabling the spread of extreme viewpoints.JEL Classification: D74, .115, Z1Fanning the Flames of Hate: Social Media and Hate Crime'Karsten Millie? and Carlo Schwarz*43987AbstractThis paper investigates the link between social Social media and hate crime Mirko Draca. Ruben Enikolopov, Thiemo Fetzer, Evan FYadkin, Matthew Gentzkow, Andy Guess, Vardges Levonyan, Atif Mian, Magne Mogstad, Shanin Mukand, Imran Rasul, Hans-Joachim Volh. Fabian Waldinger. Noam Yuchtinan, and seminar participants at t he NBER Summer Inst it ute. University of Chicago, EEA Social media and hate crime Conference 2018. "IY an sail antic Doctoral Conference (LBS), Oxford Internet Institute, Geneva Academy of Humanitarian Law. Bruneck Political EconomySocial media and hate crime
Workshop, Leverhulme Causality Conference at. the University of Warwick, Spring Meeting of Young Economists 2019. the Royal Economic Society 2019, anFanning the Flames of Hate: Social Media and Hate Crime'Karsten Millie? and Carlo Schwarz*43987AbstractThis paper investigates the link between social Social media and hate crime data on refugee attacks with US. Muller was supported by a Doctoral TYaining Centre scholarship granted by the Economic ami Social Research Council (grant numl>er 1500313]. Schwarz was supported by a Doctoral Scholarship from t he Leverlmhne Trust as part of the Bridges program.♦Princeton Universit Social media and hate crime y. The J Illis-Rabinowitz Center for Public Policy and Finance, karstenmtftprinceton.edu ♦University of Warwick. Department of Economics, Centre for CSocial media and hate crime
ompetitive Advantage in the Global Economy ((’AGE), c.r.schwarz**warwick.ac.ukectronic copy available at. https://ssm.com/abstract=30829721 IntroductiFanning the Flames of Hate: Social Media and Hate Crime'Karsten Millie? and Carlo Schwarz*43987AbstractThis paper investigates the link between social Social media and hate crime elatively recent, phenomena such as fake news, social media echo chambers, and 1m)1 farms have been subjects of widespread media coverage and public discourse (e.g New York Times, 2016, 2017a). The role of online hate speech in particular has been at t he center of an intense and polarized debate. D Social media and hate crime espite public interest and calls for policy action, there is little empirical evidence on how hateful social media content translates into real-life bSocial media and hate crime
ehavior.In t his paper, we investigate t he role of social media in t he propagation of hate crimes. Previous research has shown that, traditional medFanning the Flames of Hate: Social Media and Hate Crime'Karsten Millie? and Carlo Schwarz*43987AbstractThis paper investigates the link between social Social media and hate crime raditional media, social media plat forms allow users to easily self-select into niche topics and extreme viewpoints. This preferential selection may limit the spectrum of information people absorb and create '‘echo chambers” (Sunstein. 2009, 2017), which reinforce similar ideas (see e.g. Bcssi et, Social media and hate crime al., 2015; Del Vicario Ct al., 2016; Schmidt el al., 2017). Social media has also become a widely-consumed news source, particularly for young J>eopleSocial media and hate crime
: in Germany, for example, social media is among the main news sources of 18 to 25 year olds (Hõlig and Hasebrink, 2016). In the US, around half of alFanning the Flames of Hate: Social Media and Hate Crime'Karsten Millie? and Carlo Schwarz*43987AbstractThis paper investigates the link between social Social media and hate crime al media could be particularly effective in propagat ing hateful sent iment s.We st udy the link between anti-refugee sentiment on Facebook and hate crimes against refugees in Germany. The Gorman setting is motivated by the influx of around one million refugees into the country between 2015 and 2016 Social media and hate crime (BAMF, 2016), which was accompanied by frequent violent crimes committed against them (see, for example, recent video cowrage by New York Times, 2017Social media and hate crime
b). Between .January 2015 and early 2017 alone, t he non-profit organization "Amadou Antonio Stiftung” recorded around 3,300 ant i-refugee incidents, Fanning the Flames of Hate: Social Media and Hate Crime'Karsten Millie? and Carlo Schwarz*43987AbstractThis paper investigates the link between social Social media and hate crime al perpetrators over the edge to carry out violent acts. Our empirical strategy exploits differences in Facebook usage at the municipal level and weekly variation in anti-refugee sentiment, on social media. We create a novel measure for t he salience of ant i-refugee hate speech on social media base Social media and hate crime d on the Facebook page of the “Alternative fiir Deutschland” (Alternative for2Electronic copy available at. https://ssm.com/abstract=3082972Germany. ASocial media and hate crime
fD hereafter), a relatively new right-wing party that became the tliird-st longest faction in the German parliament following the 2017 federal electioFanning the Flames of Hate: Social Media and Hate Crime'Karsten Millie? and Carlo Schwarz*43987AbstractThis paper investigates the link between social Social media and hate crime nd 500,000 likes (as of early 2017), their Facelrook page has a broader reach than that of any other German party.1Illis widespread reach makes the aid's Facebook page uniquely suited to measure anti refugee sentiment on social media. In contrast to established political parties like Angela Merkel's Social media and hate crime Christian Democratic Union (CDU) or the German Social Democrats (SFD). the AID allows users to directly post messages on its Facebook wall. The AfD iSocial media and hate crime
s also the only party that does not explicitly outline rules of conduct, e.g. by threatening to remove racist, discriminating, or otherwise hateful coFanning the Flames of Hate: Social Media and Hate Crime'Karsten Millie? and Carlo Schwarz*43987AbstractThis paper investigates the link between social Social media and hate crime s loaded terms that civil rights gTOUỊXỉ have identified as "hate sjMxxh". These? detailed data also allow ILS to construct a measure of each town's exposure to Germany-wide anti-refugee sentiment using t he share of the population that is active on the AID Facebook page.Using fixed effects panel re Social media and hate crime gressions, we find that during periods of high salience of refugees on right-wing social media anti-refugee hate crimes increase in areas with higherSocial media and hate crime
Facebook iLsage. This correlation is especially pronounced for violent incidents such as assault. Controlling for a large vector of municipality charaFanning the Flames of Hate: Social Media and Hate Crime'Karsten Millie? and Carlo Schwarz*43987AbstractThis paper investigates the link between social Social media and hate crime n is that, our measures of exposure to right-wing social media may be correlated with unobserved municipal characteristics that explain disproportionate increases in hate crimes during times of high ant i-refiigoe sentiment. To narrow down the social media transmission channel, wo provide quasi-oxpc Social media and hate crime rimontal evidence using the exact liming of country-wide Facebook outages and local internet disrupt ions, which reduce the number of social media posSocial media and hate crime
ts.To begin, wo study largo. Germany-wide Facebook outages resulting from programming or server problems at the platform. Those outages disrupt users'Fanning the Flames of Hate: Social Media and Hate Crime'Karsten Millie? and Carlo Schwarz*43987AbstractThis paper investigates the link between social Social media and hate crime s, particularly in areas with many AID users. Further, during Facebook outages, higher anti-rofiigoc sentiment is not associated with a differential increase in hate crimes in areas with high Facebook usage. These results suggest, that social media might play a propagating role in translating online Social media and hate crime content into offline violence.'We provide a short history of the Afl) ill Appendix A in the online appendix.3Electronic copy available at: https://ssSocial media and hate crime
m.com/abstract=3082972We also exploit, the precise timing of hundreds of local internet disruptions as a source of granular exogenous variation in accFanning the Flames of Hate: Social Media and Hate Crime'Karsten Millie? and Carlo Schwarz*43987AbstractThis paper investigates the link between social Social media and hate crime imaffected. Notably, the frequency of int ernet disruptions is geographically dispersed and largely unrelated to oljservable local characteristics, including AfD likes on Facebook.We find t hat, while hate crimes increase in periods of higher refugee salience, this correlation disappears for municip Social media and hate crime alities experiencing an internet, outage. Quantitatively, a typical internet disruption fully mediates the link between social media and hate crime. FSocial media and hate crime
urther, once we take into account social media transmission, these internet outages themselves are no longer associated wit h anti-refugee incidents,Gọi ngay
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