The dugum dani a papuan culture in the highlands of west new guinea
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The dugum dani a papuan culture in the highlands of west new guinea
VIKING FUND PUBLICATIONS IN ANTHROPOLOGY Number Forty-NineTHE DUGUM DANIA Papuan Culture in the Highlands of West New Guinea by KARL G. HEIDERWENNER-G The dugum dani a papuan culture in the highlands of west new guinea GREN FOUNDATION FOR ANTHROPOLOGICAL RESEARCH. INCORPORATED19 7 0XACKNOWLEDGMENTSother members of the expedition: Michael c. Rockefeller, who gave of his talents, his goods, and finally his life; Jan Broekhuijse, who so often laid aside his own research in order co help the other members of the exped The dugum dani a papuan culture in the highlands of west new guinea ition; p«er Macthiessen, to whom I ain indebted for much of the data on ecology; rhe Dani policeman Abududi and his wife Wamamogen. who did 50 much toThe dugum dani a papuan culture in the highlands of west new guinea
assure our acceptance in the Dugutn Neighborhood; Jusup Kakiay, the expedition cook; Samuel Putnam; Eliot Elisofon; che policeman Nawas; ami Chris VeVIKING FUND PUBLICATIONS IN ANTHROPOLOGY Number Forty-NineTHE DUGUM DANIA Papuan Culture in the Highlands of West New Guinea by KARL G. HEIDERWENNER-G The dugum dani a papuan culture in the highlands of west new guinea , which sponsored the expedition, gave US the fullest support from his office on Divinity Avenue. Miss Carol Thompson (now Mrs. Hermann Blcibtreu). who was the secretary of the Film Studs Center of tlic Peabody Museum, had the thankless task of watching US come and go and of handling rhe mail and fi The dugum dani a papuan culture in the highlands of west new guinea lm in between.The expedition received generous financial support front the Government of Netherlands New Guinea, The Peabody Museum of Harvard UniversThe dugum dani a papuan culture in the highlands of west new guinea
ity, and the National Science Foundation. During most of my time in tl»e field I held .1 National Science Foundation Graduate Fellowship. 1 would alsoVIKING FUND PUBLICATIONS IN ANTHROPOLOGY Number Forty-NineTHE DUGUM DANIA Papuan Culture in the Highlands of West New Guinea by KARL G. HEIDERWENNER-G The dugum dani a papuan culture in the highlands of west new guinea n. Massachusetts. rhe Carnegie Corporation through a grant to the Cross-Cultural Study of Fthno-cencrism Project, and (he Foundations’ Fund for Research in Psychiatry. I am also grateful to Brown University for faculty stipends during the SV nunc IS of 1966, 1967, and I96fi. The maps were drawn by E The dugum dani a papuan culture in the highlands of west new guinea ric Fngstrom.During the sx-month break in my field work. Professor David Owen, the bee Master of John Winthrop House, Harvard College, generously shelThe dugum dani a papuan culture in the highlands of west new guinea
tered me in the guest suite of the House.Innumerable people have listened patiently to my discourses on the Dam during the past years. I am grateful tVIKING FUND PUBLICATIONS IN ANTHROPOLOGY Number Forty-NineTHE DUGUM DANIA Papuan Culture in the Highlands of West New Guinea by KARL G. HEIDERWENNER-G The dugum dani a papuan culture in the highlands of west new guinea University. Jytte Bocrge, my patents and brothers, Antonia Gerald. Frans Vcrheijen, O.F.M., Professor Douglas Oliver, and my wife and research associate, Eleanor Rasch Holder; these people through their agreements and disagreements have all given valuable help in formulating (be ideas presented here The dugum dani a papuan culture in the highlands of west new guinea and in disabusing me of many ideas which happily are not presented here Each will recognize his or her own contribution, hilt needless to say, the reThe dugum dani a papuan culture in the highlands of west new guinea
sponsibility for the whole is mine alone.Finally, [ would like to express my deep gratitude to Vm’uc and to the other people of rhe Dugum NeighborhoodVIKING FUND PUBLICATIONS IN ANTHROPOLOGY Number Forty-NineTHE DUGUM DANIA Papuan Culture in the Highlands of West New Guinea by KARL G. HEIDERWENNER-G The dugum dani a papuan culture in the highlands of west new guinea responsible for whatever accuracy this study contains.86VFPA 49 / THE DUG UM DAM PLATE 14. Gurelu, the most important man of the Gutchi Alliance.This pattern may represent former sib confederations which have since been rearranged. The only joint activity involving the wgdrr ai is in connection wit The dugum dani a papuan culture in the highlands of west new guinea h the ebe Mo ceremony.Supraalliance Tribute SystemThe alliance is the largest territorial unit within which there is organized social, political, andThe dugum dani a papuan culture in the highlands of west new guinea
religious activity. The only regular intcralliance activity is warfare between enemy alliances and trade between friendly alliances.However, there is VIKING FUND PUBLICATIONS IN ANTHROPOLOGY Number Forty-NineTHE DUGUM DANIA Papuan Culture in the Highlands of West New Guinea by KARL G. HEIDERWENNER-G The dugum dani a papuan culture in the highlands of west new guinea rn for certain rights of access to areas controlled by leaders of other alliances or by Grand Valley leaders to their counterparts in the Jalemo for sacred red paint.According to information gathered by Father van dcr Stap and related to me in a personal communication, Wasin, the very important lead The dugum dani a papuan culture in the highlands of west new guinea er of the Siep-Gosi Confederation in the Mid-Grand Valley, receives a regular payment of pigs from the people of the Delok-ugu, the Southern Jalcmo, fThe dugum dani a papuan culture in the highlands of west new guinea
or allowing them to live in that area. The details of Wasin’s rights over that area were not specified.SOCIAL ORGANIZATIONThis arrangement is apparentVIKING FUND PUBLICATIONS IN ANTHROPOLOGY Number Forty-NineTHE DUGUM DANIA Papuan Culture in the Highlands of West New Guinea by KARL G. HEIDERWENNER-G The dugum dani a papuan culture in the highlands of west new guinea oys* initiation into rhe Waija moiety ar rhe ebe akho ceremony. The red is painted on rhe initiates and is also used for the red series of rock paintings. The red pigment, used throughout the Grand Valley for boys’ initiations, comes into the Grand Valley by two routes. The first IS from the Norther The dugum dani a papuan culture in the highlands of west new guinea n Jalcnio through Gutelu, the most important man of the DIoko-.Mabel Confederation and of rhe alliance which includes the Dugum Neighborhood. This redThe dugum dani a papuan culture in the highlands of west new guinea
goes to all the groups in rhe nonhem half of the Grand Valley. The second source of red IS the Dclok-ugu, or Southern Jalcmo, which supplies red to tVIKING FUND PUBLICATIONS IN ANTHROPOLOGY Number Forty-NineTHE DUGUM DANIA Papuan Culture in the Highlands of West New Guinea by KARL G. HEIDERWENNER-G The dugum dani a papuan culture in the highlands of west new guinea men of each confederation, including those of Gutclu's own alliance, give Gutelu one or more pigs for the red. Likewise, rhe Waija men of the southern half of the Grand Valley, including Wasm of the Siep-Gosi, send pigs to the Southern Jalcmo in exchange for their their ow n initiation red.In a sen The dugum dani a papuan culture in the highlands of west new guinea se this circulation of goods is a form of trade. However, because of its obligatory and ritual aspect, it may also be called tribute.A third sort of tThe dugum dani a papuan culture in the highlands of west new guinea
ribute is payment of pigs to Gutclu by groups outside hisPLATE 15. Wall, or Cm’uc. who by 1968 was a very important man of the new alliance.8«VFPA 49 VIKING FUND PUBLICATIONS IN ANTHROPOLOGY Number Forty-NineTHE DUGUM DANIA Papuan Culture in the Highlands of West New Guinea by KARL G. HEIDERWENNER-G The dugum dani a papuan culture in the highlands of west new guinea Dk)ko-Mabcl Confederation physically control access to the brine pool. Inn. more important, they ako control rhe OCUM, or sacred power of the pool itself.Apparently Hatateak. the important man of the area across the Balim River, paid Gureiu at the rime of his f/»e aiho two pigs for access to the br The dugum dani a papuan culture in the highlands of west new guinea ine pool and one for the initiation red. The pigs given for salt access are called vThe dugum dani a papuan culture in the highlands of west new guinea
ufakun has many shades of meaning, all connoting sacred, powerful Matus). But knowledge of these intraallunce relationships is not widespread, and eveVIKING FUND PUBLICATIONS IN ANTHROPOLOGY Number Forty-NineTHE DUGUM DANIA Papuan Culture in the Highlands of West New Guinea by KARL G. HEIDERWENNER-G The dugum dani a papuan culture in the highlands of west new guinea i concept of leadership is like that faced by other anthropologists tn Melanesia. Oliver has described (I955;xvii IT) his original problem of finding out about the leaders of the siuai of Bougainville; pospisd relates that when he went ro rhe EKagi (Kapauku) of West New Guinea he had l»cen assured t The dugum dani a papuan culture in the highlands of west new guinea liat tltere was a “virtual absence of authority and leadership” (1958:77). and Brown has described the prc-F.uropcan situation of the Chimbu of East NThe dugum dani a papuan culture in the highlands of west new guinea
ew Guinea as showing “an absence of any fixed authority (‘anarchy’)*’ (1963:3) and "no formal office of leadership existed for rhe rnbe or any segmentVIKING FUND PUBLICATIONS IN ANTHROPOLOGY Number Forty-NineTHE DUGUM DANIA Papuan Culture in the Highlands of West New Guinea by KARL G. HEIDERWENNER-G The dugum dani a papuan culture in the highlands of west new guinea Melanesian region. Sahlins has described the Melanesian leader (in contrast to the Polynesian chief) 0$ a man of achieved influence rather tlian of inherited power, who functions through consensus rather than proclamation (1963). As Sahlins points out, the term for leader in many Melanesian societi The dugum dani a papuan culture in the highlands of west new guinea es is translated literally as "big man." Salisbury, in his penetrating analysts of New Guinea leadership (1964), suggests that while most leaders areThe dugum dani a papuan culture in the highlands of west new guinea
of the generally democratic "Melanesian big man" pattern, the men at the very top are in fact desptxs. The aspiring leaders of the second rank, who fuVIKING FUND PUBLICATIONS IN ANTHROPOLOGY Number Forty-NineTHE DUGUM DANIA Papuan Culture in the Highlands of West New Guinea by KARL G. HEIDERWENNER-G The dugum dani a papuan culture in the highlands of west new guinea m and tend to be written off as anomolous. Salisbury's analysis of these two rather different sons of leaders docs seem to fit the Dani situation: the contcderarion-levcl leaders are of the big man pattern, while ar the head of most alliances is a leader of a significantly different caliber, althoug The dugum dani a papuan culture in the highlands of west new guinea h rhe tenn despot may be too strong. My own observations were primarily of confederation-level leaders, and certainly this picture of Dani leadershipThe dugum dani a papuan culture in the highlands of west new guinea
would be somewhat different if it had been based on the behavior of Gutelu, the most important man of the Alliance.Dani leiderslup is highly informal.Gọi ngay
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