review-biosecurity-contaminant-risks-in-water-cleaning
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review-biosecurity-contaminant-risks-in-water-cleaning
Review of biosecurity and contaminant risks associated with in-water cleaningKeeping marine pests out of Australian watersImportantThe Department of A review-biosecurity-contaminant-risks-in-water-cleaningAgriculture, Fisheries and Forestry advises that the Information contained in this report is based on scientific research and is intended to inform the development of public policy. Readers are advised and need to be aware that this information may be incomplete or unsuitable for use in any specific review-biosecurity-contaminant-risks-in-water-cleaning situation. Before taking any action or decision based on the information In this publication, readers should seek professional, scientific and technireview-biosecurity-contaminant-risks-in-water-cleaning
cal advice.To the extent permitted by law, the Australian Government and Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry (including its employees, cReview of biosecurity and contaminant risks associated with in-water cleaningKeeping marine pests out of Australian watersImportantThe Department of A review-biosecurity-contaminant-risks-in-water-cleaningnse, liability or cost incurred or suffered by any person (Including corporate entities or bodies politic) as a result of accessing, using or relying upon any of the information or data contained in this publication.40422ISBN 978-1-921575-25-9Copyright© Commonwealth of Australia 2010 (except where o review-biosecurity-contaminant-risks-in-water-cleaningtherwise indicated)This work is copyright. You may download, store in cache, display, print, reproduce, distribute or communicate these materials in areview-biosecurity-contaminant-risks-in-water-cleaning
n unaltered form only (retaining this notice) provided no monetary consideration is received in exchange and that the work is not dealt with in a mannReview of biosecurity and contaminant risks associated with in-water cleaningKeeping marine pests out of Australian watersImportantThe Department of A review-biosecurity-contaminant-risks-in-water-cleaningauthorisation should be sent to: Commonwealth Copyright Administration, Attorney-General'S Department, Robert Garran Offices, National Circuit, Barton ACT 2600 or posted atreview-biosecurity-contaminant-risks-in-water-cleaning
ies and Forestry (DAFF)Prepared byThe National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research LimitedOliver Floerl, Lisa Peacock, Kimberley Seaward and GReview of biosecurity and contaminant risks associated with in-water cleaningKeeping marine pests out of Australian watersImportantThe Department of A review-biosecurity-contaminant-risks-in-water-cleaningnd ship hull cleaning technologies and the costs associated with In-water and shore-based hull maintenance. NIWA also appreciates the comments provided by John Lewis on a draft version of this report.NoteWhile every effort has been made to identify all current in-water cleaning technologies availabl review-biosecurity-contaminant-risks-in-water-cleaninge to vessel owners and operators, some may not be contained in this review. This may be the case for overseas technologies or initiatives that are notreview-biosecurity-contaminant-risks-in-water-cleaning
yet published on the internet and which our points of contact for in-water cleaning technologies may not have been aware of. Some details or test resReview of biosecurity and contaminant risks associated with in-water cleaningKeeping marine pests out of Australian watersImportantThe Department of A review-biosecurity-contaminant-risks-in-water-cleaningre not available for inclusion in this review.REVIEW OF BIOSECURITY AND CONTAMINANT RISKS ASSOCIATED WITH IN-WATER CLEANINGExecutive summaryIn 1997, the Australian and New Zealand Environment and Conservation Council (ANZECC) developed the Code of Practicefor Antifouling and In-water Hull Cleaning a review-biosecurity-contaminant-risks-in-water-cleaningnd Maintenance (hereafter referred to as the ANZECC Code). The ANZECC Code was developed out of dual concerns over the toxic effects of antifouling bireview-biosecurity-contaminant-risks-in-water-cleaning
ocides on the marine environment and the potential of in-water ship hull cleaning practices to facilitate the establishment of marine non-indigenous sReview of biosecurity and contaminant risks associated with in-water cleaningKeeping marine pests out of Australian watersImportantThe Department of A review-biosecurity-contaminant-risks-in-water-cleaningprohibits in-water cleaning of vessels unless a permit is granted by the relevant management authority. The ANZECC Code is currently at variance with the International Convention on the Control of Harmful Antifouling Systems on Ships, ratified by Australia in 2007, because it accepts the use of trib review-biosecurity-contaminant-risks-in-water-cleaningutyltln-based antifouling coatings.Over the past decade, progress has been made internationally with the development of non-biocidal antifouling coatireview-biosecurity-contaminant-risks-in-water-cleaning
ngs and novel hull cleaning technologies that reduce the risk of releasing contaminants or biofouling organisms into the marine environment. This repoReview of biosecurity and contaminant risks associated with in-water cleaningKeeping marine pests out of Australian watersImportantThe Department of A review-biosecurity-contaminant-risks-in-water-cleanings, and considers whether an alternative approach to the current protocols within the ANZECC Code is appropriate.The main findings of our review are as follows:•Modern biocidal antifouling coatings use a wide range of primary and 'booster' biocides, including copper, iron, zinc, diuron, irgarol 1051 review-biosecurity-contaminant-risks-in-water-cleaningand others. There is a lack of empirical data on the effects of many biocides on marine organisms and ecosystems. However, an increasing number of stureview-biosecurity-contaminant-risks-in-water-cleaning
dies suggest that most of the biocides used in modern antifouling coatings are highly toxic to a wide range of aquatic non-target organisms.•Progress Review of biosecurity and contaminant risks associated with in-water cleaningKeeping marine pests out of Australian watersImportantThe Department of A review-biosecurity-contaminant-risks-in-water-cleaningesion of biofouling organisms. Biofouling prevention of these coatings requires either fast vessel speed or regular In-water cleaning. Another emerging non-biocidal technology Is mechanically resistant coatings, or surface treatment coatings. These coatings are Intended to be used In combination wit review-biosecurity-contaminant-risks-in-water-cleaningh regular hull cleaning.4The principal in-water hull cleaning technologies currently available or in development are systems using brush or underwaterreview-biosecurity-contaminant-risks-in-water-cleaning
jet (hydro-blast) technology to remove biofouling from hull areas. Heat treatment and hull encapsulation are technologies currently in development. EReview of biosecurity and contaminant risks associated with in-water cleaningKeeping marine pests out of Australian watersImportantThe Department of A review-biosecurity-contaminant-risks-in-water-cleaningtargeted surfaces or to contain 100 per cent of the removed material. Many systems are unable to access and clean niche areas (hull recesses or protrusions). In addition, brush-based and water jet systems can be abrasive and damage antifouling coatings. These systems are currently associated with a review-biosecurity-contaminant-risks-in-water-cleaninghigh risk of releasing biocidal coating material and potentially NIS into the surrounding environment.Review of biosecurity and contaminant risks associated with in-water cleaningKeeping marine pests out of Australian watersImportantThe Department of AReview of biosecurity and contaminant risks associated with in-water cleaningKeeping marine pests out of Australian watersImportantThe Department of AGọi ngay
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