Ebook Atlas of urodynamics (2/E): Part 2
➤ Gửi thông báo lỗi ⚠️ Báo cáo tài liệu vi phạmNội dung chi tiết: Ebook Atlas of urodynamics (2/E): Part 2
Ebook Atlas of urodynamics (2/E): Part 2
9Overactive BladderOveractive bladder (OAB| is defined by the International Continence Society (ICS) as "urgency, with or without urge incontinence, u Ebook Atlas of urodynamics (2/E): Part 2usually with frequency and nocturia ... if there is no proven infection or other etiology." [11 From a practical standpoint, though, we believe this definition to be much LOO restrictive and, in contradistinction to the ICS definition, we consider OAB to be a symptom complex caused by one or more of Ebook Atlas of urodynamics (2/E): Part 2 the following conditions: dettusor ovcractivity, sensory urgency, and low bladder compliance. Sensory urgency is a term, abandoned by the ICS, whichEbook Atlas of urodynamics (2/E): Part 2
refers to an uncomfortable need to void that is unassociaied with detrusor overactivity. Conditions causing and/or associated with OAB arc diverse and9Overactive BladderOveractive bladder (OAB| is defined by the International Continence Society (ICS) as "urgency, with or without urge incontinence, u Ebook Atlas of urodynamics (2/E): Part 2ladder stones/foreign body, and bladder cancer [2-13]. In patients with OAB, diagnostic evaluation should be dữcctcd at early detection of these conditions because in many instances the symptoms arc reversible if the underlying etiology is successfully treated.Detrusor overactivity. Detrusor overact Ebook Atlas of urodynamics (2/E): Part 2ivity is a generic term that refers to the presence of involuntary dcưusor contractions during cystometry, which may be spontaneous or provoked. The IEbook Atlas of urodynamics (2/E): Part 2
CS further describes two patterns of detrusor overactivity: terminal and phasic. Terminal detrusor overactivity is defined as a single involuntary det9Overactive BladderOveractive bladder (OAB| is defined by the International Continence Society (ICS) as "urgency, with or without urge incontinence, u Ebook Atlas of urodynamics (2/E): Part 2g. 9-1). Phasic detrusor overactivity is defined by a characteristic waveform, and may or may not lead to urinary incontinence (Fig. 9.2|. Involuntary detrusor connactions arc not always accompanied by sensation. Some patients have no symptoms at all. Others void uncontrollably without any awareness Ebook Atlas of urodynamics (2/E): Part 2. Still others may detect them as a first sensation of bladder filling or a normal desire to void. The ICS classifies detrusor ovcractivity as eitherEbook Atlas of urodynamics (2/E): Part 2
idiopathic or neurogenic. By definition, neurogenic activity and idiopathic detrusor overactivity arc distinguished not by specific symptoms or urodyn9Overactive BladderOveractive bladder (OAB| is defined by the International Continence Society (ICS) as "urgency, with or without urge incontinence, u Ebook Atlas of urodynamics (2/E): Part 2tary bladder contractions is said to have detrusor hyperreflexia (neurogenic detrusor), whereas an elderly male with such a finding secondary’ to prostatic obstruction is said to have detrusor instability. We believe, though, that the term idiopathic detrusor overactivity is somewhat of a misnomer. Ebook Atlas of urodynamics (2/E): Part 2While m some cases the origin of the involuntary detrusor contractions is unknown, in other cases they are caused by, or at least are associated with,Ebook Atlas of urodynamics (2/E): Part 2
a variety of non-neurogenic clinical conditions, the same as listed8.3ATLAS OF URODYNAMICSTable 9.1 Causes of detrusor overactivity.Idiopathic detrus9Overactive BladderOveractive bladder (OAB| is defined by the International Continence Society (ICS) as "urgency, with or without urge incontinence, u Ebook Atlas of urodynamics (2/E): Part 2ultiple sclerosisSuprasaczal spinal lesionsSpinal cord injurySpinal cord tumorMultiple sclerosisMylcodysplasiaTransverse myelitisDiabetes mellitusNon-neurogenic detrusor overactivltyBladder infectionBladder outlet obstructionMen: prostatic and bladder neck, stricturesWomen: pelvic organ prolapse, po Ebook Atlas of urodynamics (2/E): Part 2st surgical, urethral, diverticulum, primary bladder neck, strictureBladder tumorBladder stonesForeign bodyAgingabove for OAR. For that reason, we preEbook Atlas of urodynamics (2/E): Part 2
fer to classify detrusor overactivity three ways - idiopathic, neurogenic, and non-neurogenic. A list of specific causes of detrusor ovcractivity can 9Overactive BladderOveractive bladder (OAB| is defined by the International Continence Society (ICS) as "urgency, with or without urge incontinence, u Ebook Atlas of urodynamics (2/E): Part 2es depends on high quality urodynamic technique and is enhanced by corroborating factors such as a concomitant urge to void, sudden relaxation of the sphincter electromyography (EMC), opening of the bladder neck, and incontinence (Fig. 9.3).Data regarding the prevalence and urodynamic characteristic Ebook Atlas of urodynamics (2/E): Part 2s of involuntary detrusor contractions in various clinical settings, as well as in ncurologically intact versus nc-urologically impaired patients, arcEbook Atlas of urodynamics (2/E): Part 2
scarce. In 1985, Coolsaet proposed a standardized method of evaluating detrusor overactivity in which detrusor pressure during involuntary detrusor co9Overactive BladderOveractive bladder (OAB| is defined by the International Continence Society (ICS) as "urgency, with or without urge incontinence, u Ebook Atlas of urodynamics (2/E): Part 2nce during the contraction, and ability to abort contraction-related incontinent flow are assessed (2|. These parameters have been used to compare urodynamic characteristics of involuntary detrusor contractions amongst a variety of etiologies (3). The ability to abort the contractions was significan Ebook Atlas of urodynamics (2/E): Part 2tly higher among continent patients with frequency/urgency (77%) compared with patients who experienced urge incontinent (46%I and neurologically impaEbook Atlas of urodynamics (2/E): Part 2
iredX49Overactive BladderOveractive bladder (OAB| is defined by the International Continence Society (ICS) as "urgency, with or without urge incontinence, u9Overactive BladderOveractive bladder (OAB| is defined by the International Continence Society (ICS) as "urgency, with or without urge incontinence, uGọi ngay
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