Ebook Clinical chemistry - Quality in laboratory diagnosis: Part 2
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Ebook Clinical chemistry - Quality in laboratory diagnosis: Part 2
5Endocrine/Tumor Markers/ Special ChemistryOverview 95Preanalytical Errors 96Analytical Errors 103Postanalytical Errors 105Standards of Care 106Recomm Ebook Clinical chemistry - Quality in laboratory diagnosis: Part 2mended Reading 107OVERVIEWEndocrine testing concerns the analysis of hormones, peptides, and other compounds secreted by the glands of the body. Hormones can be proteins, like thyroid-stimulating hormone and parathyroid hormone, or smaller molecules like thyroxine or cortisol. Endocrine tests someti Ebook Clinical chemistry - Quality in laboratory diagnosis: Part 2mes measure a hormone directly, but in other instances may analyze compounds affected by hormones. For example, in diabetes mellitus, primarily a diseEbook Clinical chemistry - Quality in laboratory diagnosis: Part 2
ase of insulin deficiency or insufficient insulin action at tissue receptors, clinicians diagnose and manage the disorder through analysis of glucose 5Endocrine/Tumor Markers/ Special ChemistryOverview 95Preanalytical Errors 96Analytical Errors 103Postanalytical Errors 105Standards of Care 106Recomm Ebook Clinical chemistry - Quality in laboratory diagnosis: Part 2itary, thyroid, parathyroid, adrenal, ovary, testes, and other organs of the body. Due to the variety of different compounds related to endocrine function, testing for endocrine disorders involves a variety of methodologies. Competitive immunoassays that rely on the binding of hormones and metabolit Ebook Clinical chemistry - Quality in laboratory diagnosis: Part 2es to specific antibodies in the test reagent are often utilized. Glucose is measured by enzyme-specific reagents with colorimetric endpoints. ImmunoaEbook Clinical chemistry - Quality in laboratory diagnosis: Part 2
ssays and spectrophotometric assays can be automated on laboratory instrumentation, but965. Endocrine/Tumor Markers/Speciaỉ Chemistrymore manual metho5Endocrine/Tumor Markers/ Special ChemistryOverview 95Preanalytical Errors 96Analytical Errors 103Postanalytical Errors 105Standards of Care 106Recomm Ebook Clinical chemistry - Quality in laboratory diagnosis: Part 2 laboratory practices with specimen labeling, collection, transportation, analysis, and result reporting can lead to test result errors. In addition, some hormones and compounds are unstable in patient samples, so appropriate specimen collection and handling are of particular concern to ensure accur Ebook Clinical chemistry - Quality in laboratory diagnosis: Part 2ate detection and quantitation of the amount of hormone in the patient’s sample.PREANALYTICAL ERRORSOProper patient identification is paramount to gooEbook Clinical chemistry - Quality in laboratory diagnosis: Part 2
d laboratory practice. The assurance of specimen-labeling integrity starts with the proper identification of the patient. Current standards of practic5Endocrine/Tumor Markers/ Special ChemistryOverview 95Preanalytical Errors 96Analytical Errors 103Postanalytical Errors 105Standards of Care 106Recomm Ebook Clinical chemistry - Quality in laboratory diagnosis: Part 2ber. Social Security number, or other form of individual identification. As the first step in the testing process, the phlebotomist should check that the patient’s name matches his or her identification, particularly when physician orders, test results, and insurance or other billing are tied to pat Ebook Clinical chemistry - Quality in laboratory diagnosis: Part 2ient identification.Case with ErrorThe laboratory completed the analysis of a patient's specimen from an outpatient clinic, and the laboratory informaEbook Clinical chemistry - Quality in laboratory diagnosis: Part 2
tion system flagged an unusual result for technologist review prior to finalizing the result for release to the patient's medical record. A positive p5Endocrine/Tumor Markers/ Special ChemistryOverview 95Preanalytical Errors 96Analytical Errors 103Postanalytical Errors 105Standards of Care 106Recomm Ebook Clinical chemistry - Quality in laboratory diagnosis: Part 2 and germ cell tumors.777 c7can secrete hCG. Upon calling the physician, it was discovered that the specimen was not collected from a man, but actually had come from a female patient. Further investigation revealed that the patient was unemployed, and her boyfriend had given the patient his insuranc Ebook Clinical chemistry - Quality in laboratory diagnosis: Part 2e card so that she could have expenses for her doctor visit covered. Although ethnic and uncommon names can sometimes introduce confusion, as can sexEbook Clinical chemistry - Quality in laboratory diagnosis: Part 2
reassignment surgeries, in this case, the doctor visit, test orders, specimen collection, and analysis were all conducted on the girlfriend. None of t5Endocrine/Tumor Markers/ Special ChemistryOverview 95Preanalytical Errors 96Analytical Errors 103Postanalytical Errors 105Standards of Care 106Recomm Ebook Clinical chemistry - Quality in laboratory diagnosis: Part 2t was released.Explanation and ConsequencesProper patient identification requires active verification of the patient’s information. Simply asking if the patient is Bob Miller may get a positive nod from the patient's head, when in fact the patient doesn't speak English and may not in fact be Bob Mil Ebook Clinical chemistry - Quality in laboratory diagnosis: Part 2ler. Active verification requires asking the patient “What is your name and birth date?" then verifying the response against the test requisition andEbook Clinical chemistry - Quality in laboratory diagnosis: Part 2
specimen labeling information. Asking a patient to spell his or her last name and state date of birth can be another form of actively verifying inform5Endocrine/Tumor Markers/ Special ChemistryOverview 95Preanalytical Errors 96Analytical Errors 103Postanalytical Errors 105Standards of Care 106Recomm Ebook Clinical chemistry - Quality in laboratory diagnosis: Part 2e incorrect: date/time, medical record number, sex. or clinic/nursing unit. Any incorrect information can delay results, misdirect results to another patient's record, or have consequences with billing. Proper identification and verification of patient information is one of the first steps in the te Ebook Clinical chemistry - Quality in laboratory diagnosis: Part 2sting process and is a starting point for ensuring the quality of the specimen prior to receipt in the laboratory.a The matrix of a specimen is affectEbook Clinical chemistry - Quality in laboratory diagnosis: Part 2
ed by the type of anticoagulant used for specimen collection, and plasma is different from serum. Specimens can be collected in blue-stoppered985. End5Endocrine/Tumor Markers/ Special ChemistryOverview 95Preanalytical Errors 96Analytical Errors 103Postanalytical Errors 105Standards of Care 106Recomm Ebook Clinical chemistry - Quality in laboratory diagnosis: Part 2for blood gases and chemistries), or gray-stoppered tubes (fluoride and oxalate for glucose analysis). All of these tubes will generate a plasma sample when centrifuged to separate the cells. However, not all of the anticoagulants are equivalent and will have variable effects on certain tests. Labor Ebook Clinical chemistry - Quality in laboratory diagnosis: Part 2atories need to ensure that the specimen collection tube and specific anticoagulant have been validated for the particular test ordered.Case with ErroEbook Clinical chemistry - Quality in laboratory diagnosis: Part 2
rA small community hospital has been hit by a nursing shortage. Existing staff have had to take on more tasks. In order to meet the clinical needs for5Endocrine/Tumor Markers/ Special ChemistryOverview 95Preanalytical Errors 96Analytical Errors 103Postanalytical Errors 105Standards of Care 106Recomm Ebook Clinical chemistry - Quality in laboratory diagnosis: Part 2llecting specimens for routine chemistry and for thyroid testing. She has only ever collected blood gas samples in the past, so she intuitively selects two green-stoppered heparin tubes for the collection. While labeling the specimens, she notes that the thyroid tests require a red-topped tube. Havi Ebook Clinical chemistry - Quality in laboratory diagnosis: Part 2ng already collected the samples, she uncaps one of the green-top tubes and carefully pours blood from the green-stoppered tube into a red-stoppered tEbook Clinical chemistry - Quality in laboratory diagnosis: Part 2
ube, labels the sample, and sends it to the laboratory.Explanation and ConsequencesCollection of blood into green-stoppered tubes that contain heparin5Endocrine/Tumor Markers/ Special ChemistryOverview 95Preanalytical Errors 96Analytical Errors 103Postanalytical Errors 105Standards of Care 106Recomm Ebook Clinical chemistry - Quality in laboratory diagnosis: Part 2his patient, the presence of heparin in the sample will affect the analysis of free T4 test, with interference caused by heparin physically binding to the thyroid hormone-binding globulin and displacing thyroxine from the protein. Thus, samples collected in heparinPreanafytical Errors 99in red-stopp Ebook Clinical chemistry - Quality in laboratory diagnosis: Part 2ered tubes (no additive). Laboratories should be aware of test limitations and educate staff on differences among blood collection tubes and the potenEbook Clinical chemistry - Quality in laboratory diagnosis: Part 2
tial for affecting test results.a Diabetes mellitus is a disease of increasing concern in developed countries due to the prevalence of obesity and lac5Endocrine/Tumor Markers/ Special ChemistryOverview 95Preanalytical Errors 96Analytical Errors 103Postanalytical Errors 105Standards of Care 106Recomm Ebook Clinical chemistry - Quality in laboratory diagnosis: Part 2hough diabetes is considered an endocrine disorder, diabetes is diagnosed and managed through the analysis of glucose levels rather than direct measurement of insulin concentration. Ebook Clinical chemistry - Quality in laboratory diagnosis: Part 25Endocrine/Tumor Markers/ Special ChemistryOverview 95Preanalytical Errors 96Analytical Errors 103Postanalytical Errors 105Standards of Care 106RecommGọi ngay
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