Ebook Clinical manual and review of transesophageal echocardiography (2nd edition): Part 2
➤ Gửi thông báo lỗi ⚠️ Báo cáo tài liệu vi phạmNội dung chi tiết: Ebook Clinical manual and review of transesophageal echocardiography (2nd edition): Part 2
Ebook Clinical manual and review of transesophageal echocardiography (2nd edition): Part 2
PERICARDIAL DISEASES I 36945Properties of the parietal pericardium include:a.Collagen fibers meshed with elastic fibersb.Flexibilityc.Rigidity in olde Ebook Clinical manual and review of transesophageal echocardiography (2nd edition): Part 2er patientsd.Lining of the fibrous pericardiumc. All of the above46The inflammatory phase of pericarditis is marked by all of the following except:a.Infiltration with leukocytes such as lymphocytes, polymorphonuclear leukocytes, and macrophagesb.Alterations in pericardial vascularityc.Deposition of Ebook Clinical manual and review of transesophageal echocardiography (2nd edition): Part 2fibrind.Decrease in pericardial fluid content47In patients over 60 years of age, the D wave of pulmonary vein flow Doppler examination is generally grEbook Clinical manual and review of transesophageal echocardiography (2nd edition): Part 2
eater in magnitude than the s wave.a.TRUEb.FALSE48In constrictive pericarditis, the thickened pericardium isolates the intrapericardial cardiac chambePERICARDIAL DISEASES I 36945Properties of the parietal pericardium include:a.Collagen fibers meshed with elastic fibersb.Flexibilityc.Rigidity in olde Ebook Clinical manual and review of transesophageal echocardiography (2nd edition): Part 2ent hepatic vein diastolic flow reversal may be noticed as a result of increased RA pressure only in patients with significant tricuspid regurgitation and sinus tachycardia.a.TRUEb.FALSEEchocardiography for Aortic Surgery16Christopher Hudson, Jose Coddens, and Madhav SwaminathanINTRODUCTIONDiseases Ebook Clinical manual and review of transesophageal echocardiography (2nd edition): Part 2involving the aorta can present a challenge to both surgeons and anesthesiologists. Aortic dissection and rupture arc life threatening, require rapidEbook Clinical manual and review of transesophageal echocardiography (2nd edition): Part 2
and accurate diagnosis, and need definitive medical and/or surgical management due to their high risk of morbidity and mortality.*-2 A key ingredient PERICARDIAL DISEASES I 36945Properties of the parietal pericardium include:a.Collagen fibers meshed with elastic fibersb.Flexibilityc.Rigidity in olde Ebook Clinical manual and review of transesophageal echocardiography (2nd edition): Part 2sive diagnostic modality for acute thoracic aortic pathologies, and is a standard part of the echocardiographer’s armamentarium in the operating room.3"6 It is important for the echocardiographer to quickly and accurately verify the diagnosis, distinguish true pathology from the many common confound Ebook Clinical manual and review of transesophageal echocardiography (2nd edition): Part 2ing artifacts, and dearly communicate precise echocardiographic findings of the aorta and related cardiac anatomy to the surgeon in order to guide intEbook Clinical manual and review of transesophageal echocardiography (2nd edition): Part 2
ervention. The following text reviews aortic anatomy and pathology and associated echocardiographic features that assist with imaging during aortic suPERICARDIAL DISEASES I 36945Properties of the parietal pericardium include:a.Collagen fibers meshed with elastic fibersb.Flexibilityc.Rigidity in olde Ebook Clinical manual and review of transesophageal echocardiography (2nd edition): Part 2rstanding of the aorta and surrounding anatomic structures is crucial. The thoracic aorta can be divided into three anatomic segments: ascending thoracic aorta, aortic arch, and descending thoracic aorta (Figure 16-1). The ascending thoracic aorta originates at the level of the aortic valve annulus. Ebook Clinical manual and review of transesophageal echocardiography (2nd edition): Part 2 As previously described in Chapter 9, the aortic valve comprises three crescent-shaped leaflets that coapt to form three commissures. Immediately disEbook Clinical manual and review of transesophageal echocardiography (2nd edition): Part 2
tal to the aortic valve apparatus is a short and dilated aortic segment— the sinus of Valsalva—which is subdivided into the noncoronary, left coronaryPERICARDIAL DISEASES I 36945Properties of the parietal pericardium include:a.Collagen fibers meshed with elastic fibersb.Flexibilityc.Rigidity in olde Ebook Clinical manual and review of transesophageal echocardiography (2nd edition): Part 2istal to the sinus of Valsalva, the aortaslightly narrows, forming the sinotubular junction (STJ). From this point, the ascending aorta crosses beneath the main pulmonary artery, then courses in an anterior, cranial, and rightward direction over the origin of the right pulmonary artery.The ascending Ebook Clinical manual and review of transesophageal echocardiography (2nd edition): Part 2 aorta terminates and continues as the aortic arch at the origin of the brachiocephalic (innominate) artery. The aortic arch then proceeds to curve inEbook Clinical manual and review of transesophageal echocardiography (2nd edition): Part 2
a posterior and leftward direction with cranial convexity. Three arteries arise from the aortic arch: the brachiocephalic, left common carotid, and lPERICARDIAL DISEASES I 36945Properties of the parietal pericardium include:a.Collagen fibers meshed with elastic fibersb.Flexibilityc.Rigidity in olde Ebook Clinical manual and review of transesophageal echocardiography (2nd edition): Part 2is positioned between the esophagus and aorta, effectively preventing ultrasound transmission. Immediately beyond the origin of rhe left subclavian artery, at the point of attachment of ligamentum artcrio-sum (remnant of the fetal ductus arteriosus), is a second narrowing called the aortic isthmus. Ebook Clinical manual and review of transesophageal echocardiography (2nd edition): Part 2Unlike the heart and proximal part of the aorta, the aortic isthmus and descending thoracic aorta arc relatively fixed. Consequently, deceleration injEbook Clinical manual and review of transesophageal echocardiography (2nd edition): Part 2
ury secondary to trauma is most often confined to this level. Distal to the aortic isthmus, the descending aorta follows a caudal, slightly anterior, PERICARDIAL DISEASES I 36945Properties of the parietal pericardium include:a.Collagen fibers meshed with elastic fibersb.Flexibilityc.Rigidity in olde Ebook Clinical manual and review of transesophageal echocardiography (2nd edition): Part 2in close proximity. While the esophagus courses almost straight downward, anterior to the midline of the vertebral bodies, the aorta travels in a smooth, curved direction from the anterolateral side of the 4th thoracic vertebral body to the anterior side of the 11 th vertebral body.During its thorac Ebook Clinical manual and review of transesophageal echocardiography (2nd edition): Part 2ic descent, multiple intercostal arteries branch off the aorta and may occasionally be imaged with TEE using color-flow Doppler (CFD). Spinal branchesEbook Clinical manual and review of transesophageal echocardiography (2nd edition): Part 2
of these intercostal arteries supply blood to the spinal cord through radicular arteries. The radicular artery anatomy in this area is quite variablePERICARDIAL DISEASES I 36945Properties of the parietal pericardium include:a.Collagen fibers meshed with elastic fibersb.Flexibilityc.Rigidity in olde Ebook Clinical manual and review of transesophageal echocardiography (2nd edition): Part 2 region, thus it isECHOCARDIOGRAPHY FOR AORTIC SURGERY / 371TracheaFIGURE 16-1. Anatomic course of the thoracic aorta. The relationship with the esophagus is particularly important with regard to orientation of the probe and the aorta in each of its thoracic sections: the ascending aorta, aortic arc Ebook Clinical manual and review of transesophageal echocardiography (2nd edition): Part 2h,and descending aorta.The interposition of the trachea makes portions of the ascending aorta and arch either completely invisible or partially visiblEbook Clinical manual and review of transesophageal echocardiography (2nd edition): Part 2
e.at great risk for cord ischemia. Frequently, one radicular artery—the arietta radicularis rnagna, or the artery of Adamkiewicz—is very developed andPERICARDIAL DISEASES I 36945Properties of the parietal pericardium include:a.Collagen fibers meshed with elastic fibersb.Flexibilityc.Rigidity in olde Ebook Clinical manual and review of transesophageal echocardiography (2nd edition): Part 2 aorta lies posterior to the stomach. Because the stomach is a large cavity that is highly deformable, the position of the abdominal aorta in relation to the intragastric TEE probe is somewhat variable. The celiac artery and mesenteric arteries originate from the anterior side of the abdominal aorta Ebook Clinical manual and review of transesophageal echocardiography (2nd edition): Part 2. The renal arteries arise from thePERICARDIAL DISEASES I 36945Properties of the parietal pericardium include:a.Collagen fibers meshed with elastic fibersb.Flexibilityc.Rigidity in oldePERICARDIAL DISEASES I 36945Properties of the parietal pericardium include:a.Collagen fibers meshed with elastic fibersb.Flexibilityc.Rigidity in oldeGọi ngay
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