Ebook Molecular biology - Different facets (1st): Part 2
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Ebook Molecular biology - Different facets (1st): Part 2
CHAPTER 4PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGYCONTENTSAbstract....................................................1584.1Early Approaches............................ Ebook Molecular biology - Different facets (1st): Part 2............1584.2Plant Genome Projects..................................1654.3Plant Transformation...................................1774.4Plant Tissue Culture: An Important Step in Plant GeneticEngineering............................................1814.5World Population in Relation to Advances in Ebook Molecular biology - Different facets (1st): Part 2 Crop Production... 1854.6Molecular Fanning......................................1874.7Plant Stress Responses.................................1984.8RNEbook Molecular biology - Different facets (1st): Part 2
A Interference in Plants.............................2024.9RNAi and Abiotic Stresses..............................2074.1Summary.......................CHAPTER 4PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGYCONTENTSAbstract....................................................1584.1Early Approaches............................ Ebook Molecular biology - Different facets (1st): Part 2211References..................................................211158Moleculai Biology: Dillerent FacetsABSTRACTAs humans evolved from nomadic to agriculture-based societies, they utilized “special” techniques to modify plants and animals. Some of the food crops such as rice were converted from bein Ebook Molecular biology - Different facets (1st): Part 2g perennial to annual plants. Moreover, the traits that were of most value to humans and domesticated animals have been selected for, even without theEbook Molecular biology - Different facets (1st): Part 2
knowledge of “genes” and recombinant DNA technology. Although the plant genomes are very large, the genomes can be compared with one another by mappiCHAPTER 4PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGYCONTENTSAbstract....................................................1584.1Early Approaches............................ Ebook Molecular biology - Different facets (1st): Part 2s associated with adaptation to climatic changes. Significant genomic advances have been made for abiotic stress tolerance in plants with the help of special techniques. In this chapter, we will also briefly discuss other molecular components of signaling pathways, the crosstalk among various abioti Ebook Molecular biology - Different facets (1st): Part 2c stress responses, and use in improving abiotic stress tolerance in different crops.4.1EARLY APPROACHESHumans have actually been genetic engineers foEbook Molecular biology - Different facets (1st): Part 2
r thousands of years. As humans evolved from nomadic to agriculture-based societies, they utilized the “genetic engineering” techniques to modify planCHAPTER 4PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGYCONTENTSAbstract....................................................1584.1Early Approaches............................ Ebook Molecular biology - Different facets (1st): Part 2against, thus making these plants completely dependent on humans for seed dispersal. In addition, some of the food crops such as rice w ere converted from being perennial to annual plants. Moreover, increased size of plant parts such as fruits, storage organs, roots, etc. that were of most value to Ebook Molecular biology - Different facets (1st): Part 2humans and domesticated annuals have been selected for. These changes were carried out by selecting and propagating individuals with the desired traitEbook Molecular biology - Different facets (1st): Part 2
s, even without the knowledge of “genes” and recombinant DNA technology.In the last century, a grow ing understanding of genetics helped in the rale oCHAPTER 4PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGYCONTENTSAbstract....................................................1584.1Early Approaches............................ Ebook Molecular biology - Different facets (1st): Part 2nding agricultural achievements was the development of hybrid corn w ith increased “hybrid vigor.”1 This was achieved by crossing two different inbred lines giving rise to hybrid offspring that was highlyPlant Molecular Biology159productive, as in the case of hybrid wheat (Fig. 4.1). Hybrid rice dev Ebook Molecular biology - Different facets (1st): Part 2eloped by the International Rice Research Institute in the Philippines has increased yield 20%.2 Another approach to optimize food quality is by targeEbook Molecular biology - Different facets (1st): Part 2
ting specific genes, a field that holds a lot of promise since only a small percentage of (he genes and (heir function have been idenlilied, but (his CHAPTER 4PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGYCONTENTSAbstract....................................................1584.1Early Approaches............................ Ebook Molecular biology - Different facets (1st): Part 2ps spelĩoides (diploid, 2n = 14, YY)Aegitops squarrosa (diploid, 2n = 14, ZZ)Natural hybrid FormationXY(2n=14) Polyploidy (natural)Accidental doublingTnticum dicoccum (diploid, 2n = 28, XXYY)Natural hybrid Formation Ebook Molecular biology - Different facets (1st): Part 2CHAPTER 4PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGYCONTENTSAbstract....................................................1584.1Early Approaches............................Gọi ngay
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