TÀI LIỆU THI HỌC PHẦN LÝ THUYẾT DỊCH (EHOU)
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TÀI LIỆU THI HỌC PHẦN LÝ THUYẾT DỊCH (EHOU)
ĐẠI HỌC MỜ HÀ NỘIDÊ CƯƠNG THI HỌC PHÂNLÝ THUYẾT DỊCH1HẢ NỘI, 2022The concept of translation (Khái niệm dịch thuật)Often, though not by any means alway TÀI LIỆU THI HỌC PHẦN LÝ THUYẾT DỊCH (EHOU) ys, it is rendering the meaning of a text into another language in the way that the author intended the text. Common sense tells US that this ought to be simple, as one ought to be able to say something as well in one language as in another. On the other hand, you may see it as complicated, artifici TÀI LIỆU THI HỌC PHẦN LÝ THUYẾT DỊCH (EHOU) al and fraudulent, since by using another language you are pretending to be someone you are not. Hence in many types of text (legal.administrative, diTÀI LIỆU THI HỌC PHẦN LÝ THUYẾT DỊCH (EHOU)
alect, local, cultural) the temptation is to transfer as many SL (Source Language) words to the TL (Target Language) as possible. The pity is. as MounĐẠI HỌC MỜ HÀ NỘIDÊ CƯƠNG THI HỌC PHÂNLÝ THUYẾT DỊCH1HẢ NỘI, 2022The concept of translation (Khái niệm dịch thuật)Often, though not by any means alway TÀI LIỆU THI HỌC PHẦN LÝ THUYẾT DỊCH (EHOU) e. A text may therefore be pulled in ten different directions, as follows:-1The individual style or idiolect of the SL author. When should it be (a) preserved, (b) normalised?-2The conventional grammatical and lexical usage for this type of text, depending on the topic and the situation.-3Content it TÀI LIỆU THI HỌC PHẦN LÝ THUYẾT DỊCH (EHOU) ems referring specifically to the SL. or third language (i.e. not SL or TL) cultures.-4The typical format of a text in a book, periodical, newspaper,TÀI LIỆU THI HỌC PHẦN LÝ THUYẾT DỊCH (EHOU)
etc., as influenced by tradition at the time.-5The expectations of the putative readership, bearing in mind their estimated knowledge of the topic andĐẠI HỌC MỜ HÀ NỘIDÊ CƯƠNG THI HỌC PHÂNLÝ THUYẾT DỊCH1HẢ NỘI, 2022The concept of translation (Khái niệm dịch thuật)Often, though not by any means alway TÀI LIỆU THI HỌC PHẦN LÝ THUYẾT DỊCH (EHOU) 7). (8) As for 2, 3 and 4 respectively, but related to the TL.-9What is being described or reported, ascertained or verified (the referential truth), where possible independently of the SL text and the expectations of the readership.-10The views and prejudices of the translator, which may be persona TÀI LIỆU THI HỌC PHẦN LÝ THUYẾT DỊCH (EHOU) l and subjective, or may be social and cultural, involving the translator's 'group loyalty factor1, which may reflect the national, political, ethnic,TÀI LIỆU THI HỌC PHẦN LÝ THUYẾT DỊCH (EHOU)
religious, social class, sex. etc. assumptions of the translator.Needless to say, there are many other tensions in translations, for example between ĐẠI HỌC MỜ HÀ NỘIDÊ CƯƠNG THI HỌC PHÂNLÝ THUYẾT DỊCH1HẢ NỘI, 2022The concept of translation (Khái niệm dịch thuật)Often, though not by any means alway TÀI LIỆU THI HỌC PHẦN LÝ THUYẾT DỊCH (EHOU) cy.Translation as a profession has to be seen as a collaborative process between translators, revisers, terminologists, often writers and clients (literary works have to be checked by a second native TL reviser and desirably a native SL speaker), where one works towards a general agreement. Neverthe TÀI LIỆU THI HỌC PHẦN LÝ THUYẾT DỊCH (EHOU) less, finally, only one person can be responsible for one piece or section of translation; it must have the stamp of one style. The principle with whiTÀI LIỆU THI HỌC PHẦN LÝ THUYẾT DỊCH (EHOU)
ch this book starts is that everything without exception is translatable; the translator cannot afford the luxury of saying that something cannot be tĐẠI HỌC MỜ HÀ NỘIDÊ CƯƠNG THI HỌC PHÂNLÝ THUYẾT DỊCH1HẢ NỘI, 2022The concept of translation (Khái niệm dịch thuật)Often, though not by any means alway TÀI LIỆU THI HỌC PHẦN LÝ THUYẾT DỊCH (EHOU) is different from, and often 'lower' or earlier, titan.that of the readers of the original - one has in mind computer technology for Xhosas. 'Foreign' communities have their own language structures and their own cultures, 'foreign' individuals have their own way of2thinking and therefore of express TÀI LIỆU THI HỌC PHẦN LÝ THUYẾT DỊCH (EHOU) ing themselves, but all these can be explained, and as a last resort the explanation is the translation. No language, no culture is so 'primitive' tliTÀI LIỆU THI HỌC PHẦN LÝ THUYẾT DỊCH (EHOU)
at itcannot embrace the terms and the concepts of, say, computer technology or plainsong. But such a translation is a longer process if it is in a lanĐẠI HỌC MỜ HÀ NỘIDÊ CƯƠNG THI HỌC PHÂNLÝ THUYẾT DỊCH1HẢ NỘI, 2022The concept of translation (Khái niệm dịch thuật)Often, though not by any means alway TÀI LIỆU THI HỌC PHẦN LÝ THUYẾT DỊCH (EHOU) e target language text. There-fore, whilst translation is always possible, it may for various reasons not have the same impact as the original.Translation has its own excitement, its own interest. A satisfactory translation is always possible, but a good translator is never satisfied with it. It can TÀI LIỆU THI HỌC PHẦN LÝ THUYẾT DỊCH (EHOU) usually be improved. There is no such thing as a perfect, ideal or 'correct' translation. A translator is always trying to extend his knowledge and iTÀI LIỆU THI HỌC PHẦN LÝ THUYẾT DỊCH (EHOU)
mprove his means of expression: he is always pursuing facts and words. He works on four levels:translation is first a science, which entails the knowlĐẠI HỌC MỜ HÀ NỘIDÊ CƯƠNG THI HỌC PHÂNLÝ THUYẾT DỊCH1HẢ NỘI, 2022The concept of translation (Khái niệm dịch thuật)Often, though not by any means alway TÀI LIỆU THI HỌC PHẦN LÝ THUYẾT DỊCH (EHOU) a skill, which calls for appropriate language and acceptable usage; thirdly, an art, which distinguishes good from undistinguished writing and is the creative, the intuitive, sometimes the inspired, level of the translation; lastly, a matter of taste, where argument ceases, preferences are expressed TÀI LIỆU THI HỌC PHẦN LÝ THUYẾT DỊCH (EHOU) , and the variety of meritorious translations Is the reflection of individual differences.As a means of communication, translation is used for multiliTÀI LIỆU THI HỌC PHẦN LÝ THUYẾT DỊCH (EHOU)
ngual notices, which have at last appeared increasingly conspicuously in public places: for instructions Issued by exporting companies: for tourist puĐẠI HỌC MỜ HÀ NỘIDÊ CƯƠNG THI HỌC PHÂNLÝ THUYẾT DỊCH1HẢ NỘI, 2022The concept of translation (Khái niệm dịch thuật)Often, though not by any means alway TÀI LIỆU THI HỌC PHẦN LÝ THUYẾT DỊCH (EHOU) such as treaties and contracts; for reports, papers, articles, correspondence, textbooks to convey information, advice and recommendations for every branch of knowledge. Its volume has increased with the rise of the mass media, the increase in the number of independent countries, and the growing rec TÀI LIỆU THI HỌC PHẦN LÝ THUYẾT DỊCH (EHOU) ognition of the importance of linguistic minorities in all the countries of the world. Its importance is highlighted by the mistranslation of the JapaTÀI LIỆU THI HỌC PHẦN LÝ THUYẾT DỊCH (EHOU)
nese telegram sent to Washington just before the bomb was dropped on Hiroshima, when mokasutu was allegedly translated as 'ignored' instead of 'considĐẠI HỌC MỜ HÀ NỘIDÊ CƯƠNG THI HỌC PHÂNLÝ THUYẾT DỊCH1HẢ NỘI, 2022The concept of translation (Khái niệm dịch thuật)Often, though not by any means alway TÀI LIỆU THI HỌC PHẦN LÝ THUYẾT DỊCH (EHOU) s, and therefore as a reference to all of the occupied territory to be evacuated by the Israelis.Translation has been instrumental in transmitting culture, sometimes under unequal conditions responsible for distorted and biased translations, ever since countries and languages have been in contact wi TÀI LIỆU THI HỌC PHẦN LÝ THUYẾT DỊCH (EHOU) th each other. Thus the Romans 'pillaged' Greek culture; the Toledo School transferred Arabic and Greek learning to Europe: and up to the nineteenth cTÀI LIỆU THI HỌC PHẦN LÝ THUYẾT DỊCH (EHOU)
entury European culture was drawing heavily on Latin and Greek translations. In the nineteenth century German culture was absorbing Shakespeare.TranslĐẠI HỌC MỜ HÀ NỘIDÊ CƯƠNG THI HỌC PHÂNLÝ THUYẾT DỊCH1HẢ NỘI, 2022The concept of translation (Khái niệm dịch thuật)Often, though not by any means alway TÀI LIỆU THI HỌC PHẦN LÝ THUYẾT DỊCH (EHOU) to Bible translation and the preservation of Latin as a superior language of the elect, with a consequent disincentive to translating between other languages.The Analysis of a Text before doing the translation (Phân tích một vãn bân trước khi (lịch)READING THE TEXTYou begin the job by reading the o TÀI LIỆU THI HỌC PHẦN LÝ THUYẾT DỊCH (EHOU) riginal for two purposes: first, to understand what it is about: second, to analyse it from a 'translator’s' point of view, which is not the same as aTÀI LIỆU THI HỌC PHẦN LÝ THUYẾT DỊCH (EHOU)
linguist's or a literary critic's. You have to determine its intention and the way It is written for the purpose of selecting a suitable translation ĐẠI HỌC MỜ HÀ NỘIDÊ CƯƠNG THI HỌC PHÂNLÝ THUYẾT DỊCH1HẢ NỘI, 2022The concept of translation (Khái niệm dịch thuật)Often, though not by any means alway TÀI LIỆU THI HỌC PHẦN LÝ THUYẾT DỊCH (EHOU) ist: here you may have to read encyclopaedias, textbooks, or specialist papers to understand the subject and the concepts, always bearing in mind that for the translator the3function precedes the description - the important thing about the neutrino in context is not that it is a stable elementary pa TÀI LIỆU THI HỌC PHẦN LÝ THUYẾT DỊCH (EHOU) rticle, preserving the law of conservation of mass and energy, but that now the neutrino has been found to have mass, the Universe is calculated to beTÀI LIỆU THI HỌC PHẦN LÝ THUYẾT DỊCH (EHOU)
twice as large as previously thought. 'Chair1, chaise, Stuhl, Sessel. sedla. sllla. stul- they all presentsomewhat different images, lax bundles of sĐẠI HỌC MỜ HÀ NỘIDÊ CƯƠNG THI HỌC PHÂNLÝ THUYẾT DỊCH1HẢ NỘI, 2022The concept of translation (Khái niệm dịch thuật)Often, though not by any means alway TÀI LIỆU THI HỌC PHẦN LÝ THUYẾT DỊCH (EHOU) as a board with a back and four legs. A knife is for cutting with, but the blade and the handle are important too - they distinguish the knife from the scissors.Close reading is required, in any challenging text, of the words both out of and in context. In principle, everything has to be looked up TÀI LIỆU THI HỌC PHẦN LÝ THUYẾT DỊCH (EHOU) chat does not make good sense in Its context: common words like serpent (F). to ensure they are not being used musically or figuratively (sly, deceitfTÀI LIỆU THI HỌC PHẦN LÝ THUYẾT DỊCH (EHOU)
ul, unscupulous) or technically (EEC currency) or colloquially: neologisms - you will likely find many If you are translating a recent publication (foGọi ngay
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