Chemical kinetics and reaction
➤ Gửi thông báo lỗi ⚠️ Báo cáo tài liệu vi phạmNội dung chi tiết: Chemical kinetics and reaction
Chemical kinetics and reaction
Copyrighted MaterialsChemical Kinetics and Reaction DynamicsPaul L, HoustonCornel! Uni versifyDOVER PUBLICATIONS, INC.Mineola, New YorkCopyrightCopyri Chemical kinetics and reaction ight c 2001 by Paul L. HoustonAll rights reserved.Bibliographical NoteThis Dover edition, first published in 2006. is an unabridged republication of the work Originally published by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.. New York, in 2001.bilcriuitiimal Standard Book NumberỈSHN-Ì3: 978-0-486-45334-7ÍSBN-Ỉ Chemical kinetics and reaction 0: 0-486 -453344)Manufactured in the United States by Courier Cotporation 453MOOHww w .doverpublic4iiions.comVA7W. pdfgrip.comCopyrighted MaterialsV •Chemical kinetics and reaction
;* - ■ I' ; .V ■ :Chemical kinetics and reaction
the stability of compounds, and the equilibrium properties of reactions. Quantum mechanics and spectroscopy, on tire other hand, deal primarily with mCopyrighted MaterialsChemical Kinetics and Reaction DynamicsPaul L, HoustonCornel! Uni versifyDOVER PUBLICATIONS, INC.Mineola, New YorkCopyrightCopyri Chemical kinetics and reaction al mechanics relates the microscopic properties of matter to the macroscopic observables such as energy, entropy, pressure, and temperature.Al their introductory level, however, all of these fields emphasize properties at equilibrium. Thermodynamics can be used to calculate an equilibrium constant, Chemical kinetics and reaction but it cannot be used to predict the rate at which equilibrium will be approached. For example, a stoichiometric mixture of hydrogen and oxygen is preChemical kinetics and reaction
dicted by thermodynamics to react to water, but kinetics can be used to calculate that the reaction will take OU the order of io:s years (-■ 3 X 10« sCopyrighted MaterialsChemical Kinetics and Reaction DynamicsPaul L, HoustonCornel! Uni versifyDOVER PUBLICATIONS, INC.Mineola, New YorkCopyrightCopyri Chemical kinetics and reaction ergy levels, but it docs not do very well, at least at the elementary level, in providing simple reasons why population of some energy levels will be preferred over others following a reaction. Many reactions produce products in a Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution, but some, such as those responsible f Chemical kinetics and reaction or chcm ĨCÍ11 lasers, produce an “inverted’* distribution that, over a specified energy range, is characterized by a negative temperature. We would liChemical kinetics and reaction
ke to Irave an understanding of why rhe rate for a reaction can be changed by 38 orders of magnitude, or why u reaction yields products in very specifCopyrighted MaterialsChemical Kinetics and Reaction DynamicsPaul L, HoustonCornel! Uni versifyDOVER PUBLICATIONS, INC.Mineola, New YorkCopyrightCopyri Chemical kinetics and reaction al kinetics and reaction dynamics. Because this subfield of physical chemistry is die one most concerned with the "how, why, and when” of chemical reaction, it is a central intellectual cornerstone to the discipline of chemistry.VAVw.pdlgrip.comXIVIntroductionAnd yet it is of enormous practical impo Chemical kinetics and reaction rtance as well. Chemical reactions conưol our environment, our life processes, our food production, and our energy utilization. Understanding of and pChemical kinetics and reaction
ossible influence over the rates of chemical reactions could provide a liealthier environment and a better life, with adequate food and more efficientCopyrighted MaterialsChemical Kinetics and Reaction DynamicsPaul L, HoustonCornel! Uni versifyDOVER PUBLICATIONS, INC.Mineola, New YorkCopyrightCopyri Chemical kinetics and reaction nt time both the intellectual and practical forefronts of chemical kinetics are linked to a rapidly developing new set of instrumental techniques, including lasers that can push our time resolution to 10“15 s or detect concentrations at sensitivities approaching one part in 1 o16, microscopes that c Chemical kinetics and reaction an see individual atoms, and computers that can calculate some rate constants more accurately than they can be measured. These techniques are being apChemical kinetics and reaction
plied to rate processes in all phases of matter, to reactions in solids, liquids, gases, plasmas, and even at the narrow interfaces between such phaseCopyrighted MaterialsChemical Kinetics and Reaction DynamicsPaul L, HoustonCornel! Uni versifyDOVER PUBLICATIONS, INC.Mineola, New YorkCopyrightCopyri Chemical kinetics and reaction by examining the motions of gas-phase molecules. What are their velocities, and what controls the rate of collisions among litem? In Chapter 1. "Kinetic Theory of Gases.” we will see that at equilibrium the molecular velocities can be described by the Boltzmann distribution and that factors such as Chemical kinetics and reaction the size, relative velocity, and molecular density influence the number of collisions per unit time. We will also develop an understanding of one of tChemical kinetics and reaction
he central tools of physical chemistry, the distribution function.We then examine the rates of chemical reactions in Chapter 2, first concentrat-ing oCopyrighted MaterialsChemical Kinetics and Reaction DynamicsPaul L, HoustonCornel! Uni versifyDOVER PUBLICATIONS, INC.Mineola, New YorkCopyrightCopyri Chemical kinetics and reaction en down into a series of elementary, molecular steps. Along the way we will develop some powerful tools for analyzing chemical rates, tools for determining the order of a reaction. tools for making useful approximations (such as the “steady-state” approximation). and tools for analyzing more complex Chemical kinetics and reaction reaction mechanisms.In Chapter 3. “Theories of Chemical Reactions." we look at reaction rates from a more microscopic point of view, drawing on quantChemical kinetics and reaction
um mechanics, statistical mechanics, and thermodynamics to help US understand the magnitude of chemical rates and how (hey vary both with macroscopic Copyrighted MaterialsChemical Kinetics and Reaction DynamicsPaul L, HoustonCornel! Uni versifyDOVER PUBLICATIONS, INC.Mineola, New YorkCopyrightCopyri Chemical kinetics and reaction the velocity distribution developed in Chapter 1 to provide a coherent description of thermal conductivity, viscosity', and diffusion. that is. a description of the movement of such properties as energy, momentum, or concentration through a gas. We will see that these properties are passed from one Chemical kinetics and reaction molecule to another upon collision, and that the mean distance between collisions, the “mean free path." is an important parameter governing the rateChemical kinetics and reaction
of such ưansport.Armed with the fundamental material of the first four chapters, we move to four exciting areas of modem research: "Reactions in LiquCopyrighted MaterialsChemical Kinetics and Reaction DynamicsPaul L, HoustonCornel! Uni versifyDOVER PUBLICATIONS, INC.Mineola, New YorkCopyrightCopyriCopyrighted MaterialsChemical Kinetics and Reaction DynamicsPaul L, HoustonCornel! Uni versifyDOVER PUBLICATIONS, INC.Mineola, New YorkCopyrightCopyriGọi ngay
Chat zalo
Facebook