emancipation_proclamation_-_final_draft
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emancipation_proclamation_-_final_draft
CHAPTER IINTRODUCTIONBackground of the studyThe global economic recession has made Nigeria face multidimensional, political, economic, and social prob emancipation_proclamation_-_final_draftblems giving rise to high rate of unemployment and poverty. One of such social problems Nigeria has today, is over dependence on government for the creation of jobs. From every indication the over dependence on government for job creation have lead to over-flow of graduate unemployment. The rate of emancipation_proclamation_-_final_draftincrease in unemployment has been alarming lately. A recent report from Bureau for statistics put unemployment rate at 88 per cent with 49 per cent atemancipation_proclamation_-_final_draft
urban cities and 37.9 percent at the rural areas.The ever increasing trend of unemployment has proved that entrepreneurship is inevitable to curb it,CHAPTER IINTRODUCTIONBackground of the studyThe global economic recession has made Nigeria face multidimensional, political, economic, and social prob emancipation_proclamation_-_final_draftconomic policies that IS geared towards self-reliance, and poverty alleviation, which thrust has been manifested in programmes like National Directorate of Employment (NDE), and the rest aimed at helping the young graduates to acquire necessary skills and funds that will enable them to become entrep emancipation_proclamation_-_final_draftreneurs. However, all the lofty policies met with little success because there was no early foundation from the institutions of higher learning whereemancipation_proclamation_-_final_draft
these youths graduated from in this direction (Ezeh, 2011). Almost all the policies were focused on providing the citizens fish without showing them hCHAPTER IINTRODUCTIONBackground of the studyThe global economic recession has made Nigeria face multidimensional, political, economic, and social prob emancipation_proclamation_-_final_drafttitutions through the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) in collaboration with Centre for Entrepreneurship and Development Research (CEDR) established in tertiary institutions like Universities and Polytechnics with the aim of making the populace managers of their own, to tram and retrain potential gradu emancipation_proclamation_-_final_draftates through entrepreneurship education. The CEDR service all other departments in the Polytechnics.Entrepreneurship education according to Ezeh, (201emancipation_proclamation_-_final_draft
1) is specialized training given to students to acquire skills, ideas, and management abilities necessary for self-reliance. It is the Entrepreneur whCHAPTER IINTRODUCTIONBackground of the studyThe global economic recession has made Nigeria face multidimensional, political, economic, and social prob emancipation_proclamation_-_final_drafteneurship and training for job creation reported that over 80 per cent of the Nigerian labour forces are employed by small and medium scale enterprises. Advanced countries of the world like Japan. United States of America (USA) and so on, attained economic growth through small and medium scale enter emancipation_proclamation_-_final_draftprises (Central Bank of Nigeria. 2003). Entrepreneurship education in the curriculum of tertiary institutions like the Polytechnic has the potential temancipation_proclamation_-_final_draft
o make Its recipients self-reliant and job creators not job seekers, thereby relieving Government the burden of creating jobs, establishing a positiveCHAPTER IINTRODUCTIONBackground of the studyThe global economic recession has made Nigeria face multidimensional, political, economic, and social prob emancipation_proclamation_-_final_drafte adequately trained on entrepreneurial skills in their respective areas of specialization, they will be able to establish a profitable private small business venture as entrepreneurs.3Entrepreneurs are persons (individuals) who conceive the idea for a business venture, gather the necessary human, m emancipation_proclamation_-_final_draftaterial, financial and physical resources to start the operations of the venture and grow it to the point where more people are added to the organisatemancipation_proclamation_-_final_draft
ion and they usually bear the most personal, environmental and financial risk in beginning the venture. An entrepreneur in the view of Anugwom (2002).CHAPTER IINTRODUCTIONBackground of the studyThe global economic recession has made Nigeria face multidimensional, political, economic, and social prob emancipation_proclamation_-_final_draftbjectives of the enterprise. Entrepreneurs are the major actors in a nation's private entrepreneurship sector. The act of entrepreneur is referred to as entrepreneurship (Osuala, 2008).Entrepreneurship is the bedrock of economic growth in any nation. The European Commission (EU) report (2008) refers emancipation_proclamation_-_final_draft to entrepreneurship as an individual's ability to turn ideas into action. It includes creativity, innovation and risk taking as well as ability to plemancipation_proclamation_-_final_draft
an and manage projects in order to achieve objectives through application of the required skills. According to Timmons in Isike and Emoga (2008), entrCHAPTER IINTRODUCTIONBackground of the studyThe global economic recession has made Nigeria face multidimensional, political, economic, and social prob emancipation_proclamation_-_final_draft to meet people’s needs. Isike and Emoga (2008) further described entrepreneurship as the willingness and ability to identify business opportunities through creativity and innovation and establishing necessary machinery to run business enterprise successfully. According to the authors, entrepreneurs emancipation_proclamation_-_final_drafthip is usually about creating and running ones own small business.A small business enterprise in the views of Osadi, (2007); Isike & Emoga (2010) is temancipation_proclamation_-_final_draft
hat business which is independently owned and managed by private individual to meet up their desired income and their employment needs. Also. Okoh andCHAPTER IINTRODUCTIONBackground of the studyThe global economic recession has made Nigeria face multidimensional, political, economic, and social prob emancipation_proclamation_-_final_draft supplied and ownership is held by an individual or small group: area of operation is mainly local, and relative size of the firm within Its industry must be small when compared with the biggest units in Its field. Small scale enterprises have crucial roles to play in the process of economic develop emancipation_proclamation_-_final_draftment especially in a capital scale economy like Nigeria and North Western zone in particular (Mamman, 2010).The environment in which small scale businemancipation_proclamation_-_final_draft
ess enterprise operate is constantly changing and developing, as entrepreneurs adapt to the vagaries of the market, changing consumer habits, enhancedCHAPTER IINTRODUCTIONBackground of the studyThe global economic recession has made Nigeria face multidimensional, political, economic, and social prob emancipation_proclamation_-_final_draftasis being placed on vocationalization and entrepreneurship.Polytechnic education is a form of tertiary education that inculcates vocational and technical skills into the recipients (Ojetokun and Omale. 2010). It is a Vocational and Technical Education (VTE) as enshrined in the National Policy of Ed emancipation_proclamation_-_final_draftucation (NPE, 2004) with the objectives to give training and impact the necessary skills for the production of craftsmen, technicians, technologists,emancipation_proclamation_-_final_draft
applied scientists, and skilled personnel who shall be enterprising and self-reliant (NBTE. 2006). The National Board for Technical Education (NBTE) iCHAPTER IINTRODUCTIONBackground of the studyThe global economic recession has made Nigeria face multidimensional, political, economic, and social prob emancipation_proclamation_-_final_draftent in technology, the nomenclature ‘Secretarial Studies, have been changed to Office Technology and Management (OTM). Office Technology and Management (OTM). programme is an example of restructuring5process in polytechnics where the students are exposed to the acquisition of vocational skills in of emancipation_proclamation_-_final_draftfice and technology management as well as enterprise (Okwuanaso and Obayi 2006). The OTM programme is designed to equip secretarial and office graduatemancipation_proclamation_-_final_draft
es with practical, professional, entrepreneurial/vocational and socio-psychological work skills for employment in various fields of endeavour (NBTE inCHAPTER IINTRODUCTIONBackground of the studyThe global economic recession has made Nigeria face multidimensional, political, economic, and social prob emancipation_proclamation_-_final_draftpreneurial opportunities exist therein (Ezeh, 2011).A Polytechnic Office Technology and Management (OTM) graduate with reference to this study is one who have been trained in and passed prescribed courses after 2 years of National Diploma (ND) and 2 years of Higher National Diploma (HND) (NBTE. 2004 emancipation_proclamation_-_final_draft). This group of students are trained by OTM lecturers to be entrepreneurs. Office Technology and Management lecturers are seasoned business educatorsemancipation_proclamation_-_final_draft
who equip the OTM students with relevant skills in their core subjects while (CEDR) lecturers are trained specialists trained in entrepreneurship devCHAPTER IINTRODUCTIONBackground of the studyThe global economic recession has made Nigeria face multidimensional, political, economic, and social prob emancipation_proclamation_-_final_draftones environment and taking advantage of them for rewarding outcomes. The entrepreneur's most essential tool to succeed is his/her skill and creative idea generation ability.Skill according to Uche, (2008) is the individual's ability or abilities to perform specific tasks of assignment successfully. emancipation_proclamation_-_final_draft Osinem (2008) also sees skill as the ability to perform an act expertly. In the same vein. Webster, (2008) defined skill as the capacity of a personemancipation_proclamation_-_final_draft
to accomplish a task with desired precision and certainty. Skill involves6practical knowledge in combination with cleverness, expertise, dexterity andGọi ngay
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