Report of the Secretary General to RCC Board-150909
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Report of the Secretary General to RCC Board-150909
n RICHMONDSchools Law"University of RichmondUR Scholarship RepositoryLaw Faculty PublicationsSchool of Law1996Public School Desegregation in Virginia Report of the Secretary General to RCC Board-150909 During the Post-Brown Decade!Carl w. TobiasUnntriity of Richmond, ctobias(3richmonReport of the Secretary General to RCC Board-150909
ublications by an authorized admmistrator of UR Schohnhip Repository. For more information please contact •chclanhiprepoMtoryiiiric hmood.edu.PUBLIC Sn RICHMONDSchools Law"University of RichmondUR Scholarship RepositoryLaw Faculty PublicationsSchool of Law1996Public School Desegregation in Virginia Report of the Secretary General to RCC Board-150909t of how several southern states, most notably North Carolina, were able to minimize integration of their public primary and secondary schools during the decade after the Supreme Court issued Brown V. Board of Education.* 1 Professor Douglas found that these jurisdictions, by practicing token integr Report of the Secretary General to RCC Board-150909ation and casting their rhetoric in comparatively conciliatory tones, managed to appear moderate on the issue of school desegregation.2 This approachReport of the Secretary General to RCC Board-150909
enabled the states to limit judicial scrutiny of their public educational systems and to experience somewhat less integration than their southern neign RICHMONDSchools Law"University of RichmondUR Scholarship RepositoryLaw Faculty PublicationsSchool of Law1996Public School Desegregation in Virginia Report of the Secretary General to RCC Board-150909 greater economic growth by creating perceptions of a climate conducive to business and of a society that enjoyed relatively harmonious racial relations.4Professor Douglas ascertained that, ten years after Brown, North Carolina’s public schools were less integrated than those of more defiant souther Report of the Secretary General to RCC Board-150909n states,5 while North Carolina had♦ Professor of Law, University of Montana; B.A, 1968, Duke University; LL.B., 1972, University of Virginia. I wishReport of the Secretary General to RCC Board-150909
to thank Davison Douglas, Jon Entin, Michael Mayer, Richard McAdams, Peggy Sanner, Rod Smith, and Gail Stafford for valuable suggestions, Cecelia Palmn RICHMONDSchools Law"University of RichmondUR Scholarship RepositoryLaw Faculty PublicationsSchool of Law1996Public School Desegregation in Virginia Report of the Secretary General to RCC Board-150909 (1954); see Davison M. Douglas, The Rhetoric of Moderation: Desegregating the South During the Decade After Brown, 89 NW. u. L. Rev. 92 (1994).2See Douglas, supra note 1, at 94-97.3See id. at 93-97.4See id. at 96-97.5See id. at 139; Michael J. Klarman, Brown, Racial Change, and the Civil Rights Mov Report of the Secretary General to RCC Board-150909ement, 80 Va. L. Rev. 7, 9-10 (1994); accord Davison m. Douglas, Read-12611262WILLIAM AND MARY LAW REVIEW [Vol. 37:1261maintained a reputation for modReport of the Secretary General to RCC Board-150909
eration on racial issues and was reaping the image’s advantages in terms of enhanced economic development.6 Professor Douglas concluded that this “resn RICHMONDSchools Law"University of RichmondUR Scholarship RepositoryLaw Faculty PublicationsSchool of Law1996Public School Desegregation in Virginia Report of the Secretary General to RCC Board-150909tended public schools in Virginia, a state that Professor Douglas accurately characterizes as more recalcitrant than North Carolina.8 I, therefore, want to afford some personal recollections of this critical decade in national history and to compare important legal, political, and social development Report of the Secretary General to RCC Board-150909s involving integration in the Old Dominion with Professor Douglas’s valuable account.Public education deserves emphasis for several reasons. Both praReport of the Secretary General to RCC Board-150909
ctically and symbolically, schools proved to be the public institutions whose desegregation was most controversial. Moreover, the efforts to integraten RICHMONDSchools Law"University of RichmondUR Scholarship RepositoryLaw Faculty PublicationsSchool of Law1996Public School Desegregation in Virginia Report of the Secretary General to RCC Board-150909 shall also examine briefly additional public facilities, principally swimming areas, and libraries, and certain private facilities, such as restaurants and bus stations, that were open to the public.9I focus on Petersburg, Virginia, because I attended school there and because it is situated in Sout Report of the Secretary General to RCC Board-150909hside Virginia, an area of the Commonwealth that lies between the James River and North Carolina and between the City of Chesapeake and theING, WRITINReport of the Secretary General to RCC Board-150909
G & Race: The Desegregation of the Charlotte Schools 49 (1995).6Douglas, supra note 1, at 139.7Id. See generally Valdimer o. Key, Southern politics inn RICHMONDSchools Law"University of RichmondUR Scholarship RepositoryLaw Faculty PublicationsSchool of Law1996Public School Desegregation in Virginia Report of the Secretary General to RCC Board-150909ussing the relationship between southern history and contemporary events in the South).8Douglas, supra note 1, at 93-94.n RICHMONDSchools Law"University of RichmondUR Scholarship RepositoryLaw Faculty PublicationsSchool of Law1996Public School Desegregation in VirginiaGọi ngay
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