RET-CONVERSION_From Fryer to Fuel2010
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RET-CONVERSION_From Fryer to Fuel2010
From Fryer to FuelBy Troy Criss, USD #259 Wichita School District Northeast Magnet High School, and Jo McCormick, USD #500 Kansas City, Kansas School RET-CONVERSION_From Fryer to Fuel2010 District Washington High SchoolFunded by the NSF Research Experiences for Teachers: Shaping Inquiry from Feedstock-to-Tailpipe program at the University of Kansas, summer 2010https://ww.relx,ku.edu/eduretiQii/REI-201Q.shtmlFor more information, contact: Claudia Bode,©ale@ku.edu. 785-864-1647Learnin RET-CONVERSION_From Fryer to Fuel2010g Experience Description:Students will explore the production of biodiesel. Using molecular models, students will complete a model of the reaction ofRET-CONVERSION_From Fryer to Fuel2010
triglycerides with methanol. Students will then prepare biodiesel from used fryer oil or from vegetable oil. The oil will be titrated with potassium hFrom Fryer to FuelBy Troy Criss, USD #259 Wichita School District Northeast Magnet High School, and Jo McCormick, USD #500 Kansas City, Kansas School RET-CONVERSION_From Fryer to Fuel2010nd methanol.Students will then make the biodiesel from the used oil or unused oil, wash the biodiesel and do some tests comparing the properties of vegetable oil, biodiesel, and diesel oil.Bioscience Connection:Biotechnology applies science to living things to solve a problem. Depletion of available RET-CONVERSION_From Fryer to Fuel2010 fossil fuels is a problem and scientists are using renewable plant sources to make biofuels. Common biofuels are ethanol and biodiesel. Ethanol is prRET-CONVERSION_From Fryer to Fuel2010
oduced from plant sugars, often corn sugars. Current research in ethanol production is focusing on using alternative sources for ethanol production inFrom Fryer to FuelBy Troy Criss, USD #259 Wichita School District Northeast Magnet High School, and Jo McCormick, USD #500 Kansas City, Kansas School RET-CONVERSION_From Fryer to Fuel2010aurants. Current research in biodiesel production is focusing on oils produced from algae and new catalysts.Background Information:The United States has become increasingly dependent upon crude oil that is becoming harder and harder to find. The current gulf oil disaster is an example of the extreme RET-CONVERSION_From Fryer to Fuel2010s needed to locate and extract crude oil. Biodiesel is a clean, biodegradable and renewable alternative to the use of diesel fuel. Natural plant oilsRET-CONVERSION_From Fryer to Fuel2010
are reacted with an alcohol and a catalyst to produce biodiesel in a process called transesterification.Producing biodiesel requires three major compoFrom Fryer to FuelBy Troy Criss, USD #259 Wichita School District Northeast Magnet High School, and Jo McCormick, USD #500 Kansas City, Kansas School RET-CONVERSION_From Fryer to Fuel2010long chains of fatty acids connected to a glycerin backbone called a triglyceride2Alcohol: Many different types of alcohols can be used to make biodiesel. The alcohol used in this experiment is methanol. Methanol is both inexpensive and readily available. When methanol is used, the fatty acids in th RET-CONVERSION_From Fryer to Fuel2010e oils are converted to methyl esters that are referred to as fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) or biodiesel. Different alcohols will produce differentRET-CONVERSION_From Fryer to Fuel2010
types of biodiesels. Ethanolconverts the fatty acids to ethyl esters. The reaction with ethanol is more difficult.3Catalyst: A strong base is needed tFrom Fryer to FuelBy Troy Criss, USD #259 Wichita School District Northeast Magnet High School, and Jo McCormick, USD #500 Kansas City, Kansas School RET-CONVERSION_From Fryer to Fuel2010on to produce biodiesel from vegetable oils is shown below. The triglycerides react with methanol in a process called transesterification. The fatty acids are broken off the glycerin backbone and converted to esters. The glycerin backbone becomes glycerol, a heavy, dense, sweet-tasting, viscous liqu RET-CONVERSION_From Fryer to Fuel2010id that will settle to the bottom of the container below the biodiesel. The fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) make up the biodiesel and can have variousRET-CONVERSION_From Fryer to Fuel2010
carbon lengths and be saturated or unsaturated. Saturated FAME have all single bonds between the carbons. Unsaturated FAME have at least one double bFrom Fryer to FuelBy Troy Criss, USD #259 Wichita School District Northeast Magnet High School, and Jo McCormick, USD #500 Kansas City, Kansas School RET-CONVERSION_From Fryer to Fuel20103) Glycerol Methyl Esters (3)Figure 1: The biodiesel reaction.hup:,.'upload.wikimedia.org'wikipedia.'commons,'7.'72/Genertc Biodiesel Reactionl.gifBiodiesel ProductionFigure 2: Steps in the producing biodiesel.2Biodiesel generally does not completely replace diesel, instead it is mixed with diesel i RET-CONVERSION_From Fryer to Fuel2010n different concentrations. 1 he concentration or percentage is called the B Factor, which stands for the ratio of biodiesel to diesel. B5 is a mixturRET-CONVERSION_From Fryer to Fuel2010
e of 5% biodiesel to 95% diesel. B20 is a mixture OÍ 20% biodiesel to 80% diesel and Bl00 would be pure biodiesel.Additional background information isFrom Fryer to FuelBy Troy Criss, USD #259 Wichita School District Northeast Magnet High School, and Jo McCormick, USD #500 Kansas City, Kansas School RET-CONVERSION_From Fryer to Fuel2010dc her%20Hdndout.cloc ■•http://Www.clcanfuclsohio.oig.lcambiodicscl5.php•httD!//auto.howstuffworks.com/diesel.htmGrade Level:High school chemistry studentsDuration of T eaming Experience: RET-CONVERSION_From Fryer to Fuel2010From Fryer to FuelBy Troy Criss, USD #259 Wichita School District Northeast Magnet High School, and Jo McCormick, USD #500 Kansas City, Kansas SchoolGọi ngay
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