San-Mateo-HSR-Part-II-Sweeney-Ridge
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San-Mateo-HSR-Part-II-Sweeney-Ridge
SWEENEY RIDGEIn the fall of 1769, Spanish Army Captain Gaspar de Portolá‘s part)' discovered the San Francisco Bay from Sweeney Ridge in present-day S San-Mateo-HSR-Part-II-Sweeney-RidgeSan Mateo County. The momentous occasion that would forever change the history of the West Coast of what became the United States was not immediately recognized as such through European eyes. Aha California would in fact remain a remote place for another 80 years. Nevertheless, the San Francisco Bay San-Mateo-HSR-Part-II-Sweeney-Ridge Area, a place that saw little or no change for thousands of years, would, from this point forward, be subject to constant transformation, despite itsSan-Mateo-HSR-Part-II-Sweeney-Ridge
isolation. The people who inhabited the area near Sweeney Ridge were the Aramai of the Ohlone people.1 They would be among those whose world changed SWEENEY RIDGEIn the fall of 1769, Spanish Army Captain Gaspar de Portolá‘s part)' discovered the San Francisco Bay from Sweeney Ridge in present-day S San-Mateo-HSR-Part-II-Sweeney-Ridgeebastian Vizcaino expedition of 1602. Three ships With 200 men aboard left Acapulco on May 5 and, after spending some time at Cabo San Lucas, arrived at San Diego on November 10. The}' reached Monterey on December 16 and spent nearly two weeks there among the Ohlones. Vizcaino and members of his par San-Mateo-HSR-Part-II-Sweeney-Ridgety were impressed with the place and had favorable things to write about the native people. In a letter to the King of Spain, Felipe III, Vizcaino himSan-Mateo-HSR-Part-II-Sweeney-Ridge
self wrote: “The area is very populated by people whom 1 considered to be meek, gentle, quiet and quite amenable to conversion to Catholicism and to bSWEENEY RIDGEIn the fall of 1769, Spanish Army Captain Gaspar de Portolá‘s part)' discovered the San Francisco Bay from Sweeney Ridge in present-day S San-Mateo-HSR-Part-II-Sweeney-Ridgeon in the lands that belonged to the Ohlones, the people who inhabited the San Francisco Peninsula, Santa Clara Valley, the East Bay, Santa Cruz Mountains, Monterey Bay and the Salinas Valley.'Ohlones composed over 50 local tribes who lived in many more villages. Each village had its own land and cu San-Mateo-HSR-Part-II-Sweeney-Ridgestoms. Spanish explorers recorded villages at intervals of three to five miles in most areas.4The Ohlones were mobile and so their homes were built toSan-Mateo-HSR-Part-II-Sweeney-Ridge
be temporary'. They' constructed domed thatched houses of rule reed or grass, tied together with willow fiber on a framework of willow branches that SWEENEY RIDGEIn the fall of 1769, Spanish Army Captain Gaspar de Portolá‘s part)' discovered the San Francisco Bay from Sweeney Ridge in present-day S San-Mateo-HSR-Part-II-Sweeney-Ridgeimes the willow framework could be reused when the group25Historic Resource Study forGocden Gate Nation Al. Recreation Area in San Matt® Countyreturned to a particular village site. The structures proved warm in the winter and cool in the summer.Sweat houses were often present at the villages. The O San-Mateo-HSR-Part-II-Sweeney-Ridgehlone usually created them by excavating land near the back of a creek. Sweat houses had low ceilings and doors so small that the men had to crawl intSan-Mateo-HSR-Part-II-Sweeney-Ridge
o them. Sweat houses were exclusively for men who used them for purposes of cleanliness and spiritual affairs, especially before a hunt.Ohlones communSWEENEY RIDGEIn the fall of 1769, Spanish Army Captain Gaspar de Portolá‘s part)' discovered the San Francisco Bay from Sweeney Ridge in present-day S San-Mateo-HSR-Part-II-Sweeney-Ridgen Francisco Bay Costanoan. Thus this was the language of the people in the Sweeney Ridge area.'THE ARAMAIOn October 31,1769, Gaspar de Portolá and his party descended Montara Mountain and met some 25 people of the Aramai local tribe who most likely lived at the village of Pruristac up San Pedro Cree San-Mateo-HSR-Part-II-Sweeney-Ridgek, to the east of where the Spanish eventually camped." Today the Pruristac site is in part occupied by San Mateo County’s Sanchez Adobe Historic ParkSan-Mateo-HSR-Part-II-Sweeney-Ridge
. Another Aramai village, Timigtac, may have existed at Mori Point. The trails used by the people of the villages represent the earliest transportatioSWEENEY RIDGEIn the fall of 1769, Spanish Army Captain Gaspar de Portolá‘s part)' discovered the San Francisco Bay from Sweeney Ridge in present-day S San-Mateo-HSR-Part-II-Sweeney-Ridge by Portolá and his party when they were in the area.Indeed, the Aramai had plenty of neighbors. Directly south were the Chiguan who had two Anilages, the first, Ssatumnumo, at present da)’ Princeton and the second, Cha-gunte, around Half Moon Bay. According to mission records, the Chiguan probably San-Mateo-HSR-Part-II-Sweeney-Ridgeonly numbered about 50 people.* The)-, as did most Ohlones encountered by Portolá, fed and gave guidance to his expedition in 1769.’Further south at PSan-Mateo-HSR-Part-II-Sweeney-Ridge
urissima Creek were the Cotagen of about 65 Indians who had two Anilages as well. When Portolá reached there some of his part)' entered abandoned housSWEENEY RIDGEIn the fall of 1769, Spanish Army Captain Gaspar de Portolá‘s part)' discovered the San Francisco Bay from Sweeney Ridge in present-day S San-Mateo-HSR-Part-II-Sweeney-Ridgeere the Oljons, who inhabited the area around San Gregorio Creek." They had a population of nearly 160. As mentioned in the Introduction, the word "Ohlone” could have been derived from the name of this local tribe.26Farthest south in San Mateo County was the large village of the Quiroste, close to A San-Mateo-HSR-Part-II-Sweeney-Ridgeho Nuevo. I lere the Spanish saw the Casa Grande in which all 200 of its residents could fit inside. Across the coastal mountains laid another large vSan-Mateo-HSR-Part-II-Sweeney-Ridge
illage at San Francisquito Creek, the home of the Ihiichun, who numbered about 250. The olpen also lived al San Francisquito Creek, but toward rhe mouSWEENEY RIDGEIn the fall of 1769, Spanish Army Captain Gaspar de Portolá‘s part)' discovered the San Francisco Bay from Sweeney Ridge in present-day S San-Mateo-HSR-Part-II-Sweeney-Ridge in the San Maleo Creek area, wen: the Ssalson who, in 1776, were observed by file Anza expedition as being at war with the people at Redwood City, the I amchin.” rhe Ssalson numbered 100 to 200 individuals and possessed al least three villages, The Urebure may have actually been a northern grouping San-Mateo-HSR-Part-II-Sweeney-Ridge of the Ssalson.1' The Lamchin were the largest local tribe of the Peninsula, numbering as many as 350 people. Their lands included today’s Redwood CiSan-Mateo-HSR-Part-II-Sweeney-Ridge
ty and the hill country to the west including the I’hlcgcr Estate.”Finally, to the north were the Yelainu who inhabited present day San Francisco. TheSWEENEY RIDGEIn the fall of 1769, Spanish Army Captain Gaspar de Portolá‘s part)' discovered the San Francisco Bay from Sweeney Ridge in present-day S San-Mateo-HSR-Part-II-Sweeney-Ridgeerning the parents of baptized children.18 From those papers it can be determined that the Indians of the San Francisco Peninsula engaged in quite a bit of intermarrying among the local tribes, and, apparently, the smaller the local tribe, the more intermarriage occurred. For the Aramai, which is co San-Mateo-HSR-Part-II-Sweeney-Ridgensidered a smaller group, this meant that more than half of the children from Aramai parents were born and raised in another local tribe's territory.San-Mateo-HSR-Part-II-Sweeney-Ridge
Most certainly intermarriage served to create a degree of community for the Aramai with their neighbors.The mission records tell US that Yagueche, theSWEENEY RIDGEIn the fall of 1769, Spanish Army Captain Gaspar de Portolá‘s part)' discovered the San Francisco Bay from Sweeney Ridge in present-day S San-Mateo-HSR-Part-II-Sweeney-Ridges became the head man of that local tribe. Yagueche’s daughter lived at Urebure (San Bruno) as wife to its head man. Another daughter mar ried the Urcbure’s head man’s son. One of Yagueche’s sons married a Ssalson (San Maleo). rhe mission records indicate similar relations among many of the Aramai p San-Mateo-HSR-Part-II-Sweeney-Ridgeeople.”' Something on rhe order of eight out of every ten of their marriages involved a person from anolher local tribe. The range of ihis social actiSan-Mateo-HSR-Part-II-Sweeney-Ridge
vity look the Aramai north to the Golden Gale, south to al least Half Moon Bay, east to San Bruno, and lhen south east, including all the territory doSWEENEY RIDGEIn the fall of 1769, Spanish Army Captain Gaspar de Portolá‘s part)' discovered the San Francisco Bay from Sweeney Ridge in present-day S San-Mateo-HSR-Part-II-Sweeney-Ridge and commonality. The early observers remarked upon their peacefulness. Nevertheless there were difficulties that led to violent clashes as27Historic Resource Study for Golden Gate National Recreation Arfa in San Mau® Countyrecorded by the Spanish in the 1770s - - between the Ssalson and Lamchin, an San-Mateo-HSR-Part-II-Sweeney-Ridged then the Ssalson and Yelamu.The Aramai, who Portola met just before ascending Sweeney Ridge, probably numbered less than 55 people. Theirs was indeeSan-Mateo-HSR-Part-II-Sweeney-Ridge
d a little group. Most of the Ohlone local tribes numbered between 200 and 300, some were as large as 400 or more.20 On the San Francisco Peninsula thSWEENEY RIDGEIn the fall of 1769, Spanish Army Captain Gaspar de Portolá‘s part)' discovered the San Francisco Bay from Sweeney Ridge in present-day S San-Mateo-HSR-Part-II-Sweeney-Ridgeed enough to make up a local tribe, the people of the two villages were of independent bands.Because of their proximity it is most likely that Portolá met the people of Pruristac, rather than Timigtac. Mission records indicate that eventually 35 people from Pni-ristac were baptized. Considering that San-Mateo-HSR-Part-II-Sweeney-Ridge when the time came, all living Aramai people were brought into the church, it can be speculated that the entire village consisted of but three or fouSan-Mateo-HSR-Part-II-Sweeney-Ridge
r rule houses.2’As with most Ohlone people, the villagers of Pruristac ate wild seeds and acorn mush as their staple foods. They also consumed roots,Gọi ngay
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