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Ebook Bone and joint disorders differential diagnosis in conventional radiology (2nd edition): Part 2

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Nội dung chi tiết: Ebook Bone and joint disorders differential diagnosis in conventional radiology (2nd edition): Part 2

Ebook Bone and joint disorders differential diagnosis in conventional radiology (2nd edition): Part 2

https://khothuvjen.comZU38 SkullCalcificationsCalcifications are a common finding on skull radiographs. With computed tomography, many more calcificat

Ebook Bone and joint disorders differential diagnosis in conventional radiology (2nd edition): Part 2tions within the skull can be appreciated that escape detection with plain film radiography. Numerous artifacts on the scalp (e.g.. dirt, fragments, o

intments, and braids) may simulate intracranial calcifications and therefore must be taken into consideration (Fig. 8.1).Physiologic Intracranial Calc Ebook Bone and joint disorders differential diagnosis in conventional radiology (2nd edition): Part 2

ificationsPhysiologic and pathologic intracerebral calcifications occur, although the boundaries between the two can be blurred. Locations of characte

Ebook Bone and joint disorders differential diagnosis in conventional radiology (2nd edition): Part 2

ristically physiologic calcifications are summarized in Table 8.1 and Fig. 8.2.Table 8.1 Physiologic Intracranial CalcificationsPinealHabenulaChoroid

https://khothuvjen.comZU38 SkullCalcificationsCalcifications are a common finding on skull radiographs. With computed tomography, many more calcificat

Ebook Bone and joint disorders differential diagnosis in conventional radiology (2nd edition): Part 2eusA calcified pineal is found in 5% of children under the age of 10 and in almost two-thirds of the adult population (fig. 83). With CT scanning, a c

onsiderably higher rate of pineal calcification is found. It appears amorphous or ringlike. and varies considerably in Size but measures usually less Ebook Bone and joint disorders differential diagnosis in conventional radiology (2nd edition): Part 2

than 1 cm. A pineal calcification exceeding 1 cm in diameter suggests neoplasm, either a pinealoma or even more commonly a teratoma. A calcified aneur

Ebook Bone and joint disorders differential diagnosis in conventional radiology (2nd edition): Part 2

ysm of the vein of Calen may occasionally also simulate an abnormal pineal calcification.The pineal lies midline in the anteroposterior projection. A

https://khothuvjen.comZU38 SkullCalcificationsCalcifications are a common finding on skull radiographs. With computed tomography, many more calcificat

Ebook Bone and joint disorders differential diagnosis in conventional radiology (2nd edition): Part 2n the lateral radiograph, the pineal projects approximately 3 cm above the highest posterior elevation of the pyramids. Numerous methods have been des

cribed to assess pineal displacement in this projection. but since their usefulness is rather limited, they will not be discussed in this context.The Ebook Bone and joint disorders differential diagnosis in conventional radiology (2nd edition): Part 2

habenula is located a few millimeters anterior to the pineal and calcifies in almost one-third of patients (fig. 83). Habenular calcification characte

Ebook Bone and joint disorders differential diagnosis in conventional radiology (2nd edition): Part 2

ristically assumes the shape of a “C" open posteriorly. Habenular displacement by intracranial lesions occurs in the same way as pineal displacement.A

https://khothuvjen.comZU38 SkullCalcificationsCalcifications are a common finding on skull radiographs. With computed tomography, many more calcificat

Ebook Bone and joint disorders differential diagnosis in conventional radiology (2nd edition): Part 2dy of the lateral ventricles with the posterior and temporal horns), projecting on the lateral view approximately 2 to 3 cm behind and slightly below

the pineal (Fig. 83). In the anteroposterior projection, plexusFig. 8.1 Artifacts. Com rows (tight Afri-can-style braiding of the hair) simulate scatt Ebook Bone and joint disorders differential diagnosis in conventional radiology (2nd edition): Part 2

ered intracranial calcificationswww.MedUbrary.info204 BoneFig. 8.2 a. b Physiologic intracranial calcifications in a anteroposterior and b lateral pro

Ebook Bone and joint disorders differential diagnosis in conventional radiology (2nd edition): Part 2

jection. 1 pineal; 2 habenula: 3 choroid plexus; 4 falx around sagittal sinus: 5 dura; 6 falx (free edge); 7 tentorium; 8 petroclinoid ligament; 9 mte

https://khothuvjen.comZU38 SkullCalcificationsCalcifications are a common finding on skull radiographs. With computed tomography, many more calcificat

Ebook Bone and joint disorders differential diagnosis in conventional radiology (2nd edition): Part 2calcifications. From anterior to posterior: 1 C-shaped habenula. 2 pineal gland, and 3 the two superimposed choroid plexuses are seen projecting just

above the ear.calcifications project approximately 3 cm from the midline and are usually symmetrical, although some disparity in size between the two Ebook Bone and joint disorders differential diagnosis in conventional radiology (2nd edition): Part 2

sides occurs occasionally. The amount of calcification can vary greatly and is of no clinical significance. The calcifications have a characteristical

Ebook Bone and joint disorders differential diagnosis in conventional radiology (2nd edition): Part 2

ly fine to coarse granular appearance, occupying a circular area of 1 cm or more in diameter. Extensive plexus calcifications can be found in neurofib

https://khothuvjen.comZU38 SkullCalcificationsCalcifications are a common finding on skull radiographs. With computed tomography, many more calcificat

Ebook Bone and joint disorders differential diagnosis in conventional radiology (2nd edition): Part 2. Dural calcification around the sagittal sinus has a V-shaped appearance at the vertex in the anteroposterior projection. Calcifications in this area

may occasionally be caused by calcified Pacchionian (arachnoid) granulations (diverticula-like outpouchings of the arachnoid space penetrating the du Ebook Bone and joint disorders differential diagnosis in conventional radiology (2nd edition): Part 2

ra mater and projecting into the lumen of the main sinuses and adjacent venous lakes). Falx calcifications are normally situated anteriorly, and are e

Ebook Bone and joint disorders differential diagnosis in conventional radiology (2nd edition): Part 2

vident as linear streaks or lamellae in one or both leaves of the falx. Calcifications in the free edge of the tentorium have an inverted V-shape on t

https://khothuvjen.comZU38 SkullCalcificationsCalcifications are a common finding on skull radiographs. With computed tomography, many more calcificat

Ebook Bone and joint disorders differential diagnosis in conventional radiology (2nd edition): Part 2e calcification is more or less diffuse. Falx and dura calcifications have been found in two thirds of patients with basal cell nevus syndrome (Gorlin

), and extensive dura calcifications have been reported in pseudoxanthoma elasticum.Calcifications of the petroclinoid and interclinoid (dia-phragma s Ebook Bone and joint disorders differential diagnosis in conventional radiology (2nd edition): Part 2

ella) ligaments are common in the elderly. The former lies between the tip of the dorsum sella and the apex of the petrous bone, whereas the latter ma

Ebook Bone and joint disorders differential diagnosis in conventional radiology (2nd edition): Part 2

y result in inter-clinoid (sellar) bridging.Pituitary calcifications are rarely recognizable on skull films, as opposed to histologic examinations. On

https://khothuvjen.comZU38 SkullCalcificationsCalcifications are a common finding on skull radiographs. With computed tomography, many more calcificat

Ebook Bone and joint disorders differential diagnosis in conventional radiology (2nd edition): Part 2ernous sinus. These calcifications can range from a small flake to complete visualization of the carotid syphon (8.5). On the lateral view, these calc

ifications are superimposed on the sella turcica, whereas ring-like calcifications may be seen on either side of the sella in anteroposterior projecti Ebook Bone and joint disorders differential diagnosis in conventional radiology (2nd edition): Part 2

on.Basal ganglia calcifications are found in a number of diseases (see “pathologic calcifications’), but are most often found incidentally in a health

Ebook Bone and joint disorders differential diagnosis in conventional radiology (2nd edition): Part 2

y adult and have no clinical implications. The calcifications range from punctate to conglomerate densities in characteristic locations: on the antero

https://khothuvjen.comZU38 SkullCalcificationsCalcifications are a common finding on skull radiographs. With computed tomography, many more calcificat

Ebook Bone and joint disorders differential diagnosis in conventional radiology (2nd edition): Part 2lleling the squamosal Suture. However, sclerosis along the squamosal Suture, presenting on the lateral view occasionally as a dense band (see Fig. 8.2

6b), should not be confused with basal ganglia calcifications.Calcifications in the dentate nucleus of the cerebellum are less common than in the basa Ebook Bone and joint disorders differential diagnosis in conventional radiology (2nd edition): Part 2

l ganglia, but are found in the same conditions. On the lateral skull film, these calcifications are often obscured by the mastoid air cells, but are

Ebook Bone and joint disorders differential diagnosis in conventional radiology (2nd edition): Part 2

best seen in the occipital (Towne’s) view as symmetrical crescent-shaped densities.Pathologic CalcificationsPathologic intracranial calcifications can

https://khothuvjen.comZU38 SkullCalcificationsCalcifications are a common finding on skull radiographs. With computed tomography, many more calcificat

Ebook Bone and joint disorders differential diagnosis in conventional radiology (2nd edition): Part 2(_i’ẻ?rđry.ínfos SKUII ZUSFig. 8.4 Physiologic Intracranial calcifications. Extensive calcifications of the falx (midline and V-shaped around the sagi

ttal Sinus) and tentorium (tent-like above the foramen magnum) are seen. Incidentally. small parasagittal radiolucencles are also noted, representing Ebook Bone and joint disorders differential diagnosis in conventional radiology (2nd edition): Part 2

Pacchionian (arachnoid) granulations.

https://khothuvjen.comZU38 SkullCalcificationsCalcifications are a common finding on skull radiographs. With computed tomography, many more calcificat

https://khothuvjen.comZU38 SkullCalcificationsCalcifications are a common finding on skull radiographs. With computed tomography, many more calcificat

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