Ebook BRS Pathology (4th edition) : Part 2
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Ebook BRS Pathology (4th edition) : Part 2
https://khothuvien.cori!chapter ^2Hemorrhagic DisordersI.DISORDERS OF PRIMARY HEMOSTASISA.General considerations1Disorders of primary hemostasis are d Ebook BRS Pathology (4th edition) : Part 2defects of initial platelet plug formation.2Bleeding from small vessels and capillaries, resulting in mucocutaneous bleeding, is characteristic. Petechial (pinpoint or punctate) hemorrhages occur in the skin and mucous membranes, with bleeding and oozing from the nose (epistaxis), gums, and gastroin Ebook BRS Pathology (4th edition) : Part 2testinal tract. Note: Multiple petechial subcutaneous hemorrhages may sometimes be described as a “rash.”3Another feature of note is often prolonged bEbook BRS Pathology (4th edition) : Part 2
leeding time, although this test has suboptimal accuracy and is rarely performed in clinical practice anymore. Other tests, such as the prothrombin tihttps://khothuvien.cori!chapter ^2Hemorrhagic DisordersI.DISORDERS OF PRIMARY HEMOSTASISA.General considerations1Disorders of primary hemostasis are d Ebook BRS Pathology (4th edition) : Part 2cytopenia or platelet dysfunction, such as Glanzmann thrombasthenia, or alterations in the plasma proteins required for adhesion of platelets to vascular subendothelium.B.Lesions of the vasculature. Usually no laboratory abnormalities are associated with bleeding due to small blood vessel dysfunctio Ebook BRS Pathology (4th edition) : Part 2n, but a prolonged bleeding time is sometimes noted. Examples include the following:1Simple purpura is easy bruising, especially of the upper thighs,Ebook BRS Pathology (4th edition) : Part 2
in otherwise healthy persons.2Senile purpura is marked by hemorrhagic areas on the back of the hands and forearms of older persons. This condition is https://khothuvien.cori!chapter ^2Hemorrhagic DisordersI.DISORDERS OF PRIMARY HEMOSTASISA.General considerations1Disorders of primary hemostasis are d Ebook BRS Pathology (4th edition) : Part 2ive primary hemostatic bleeding with gingival hemorrhagesb.Bleeding into muscles and subcutaneous tissuec.Hemorrhagic perifollicular hyperkeratotic papules, each papule surrounding a twisted, corkscrew-like hair4Henoch-Schõnlein purpura (allergic purpura)a.This condition is a form of leukocytoclasti Ebook BRS Pathology (4th edition) : Part 2c angiitis—hypersensitivity vasculitis resulting from an immune reaction that damages the vascular endothelium.b.Characteristic features include hemorEbook BRS Pathology (4th edition) : Part 2
rhagic urticaria (palpable purpura) accompanied by fever, arthralgias, and gastrointestinal and renal involvement.c.It is closely related to and may bhttps://khothuvien.cori!chapter ^2Hemorrhagic DisordersI.DISORDERS OF PRIMARY HEMOSTASISA.General considerations1Disorders of primary hemostasis are d Ebook BRS Pathology (4th edition) : Part 2syndrome) is an autosomal dominant disorder marked by localized malformations of venules and capillaries of the skin and mucous membranes, often complicated by hemorrhage.192Chapter 13Hemorrhagic Disorders1936Connective tissue disorders include Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, an inherited disorder caused by Ebook BRS Pathology (4th edition) : Part 2 abnormalities of collagen or elastin and manifested by vascular bleeding, articular hypermobility, dermal hyperelasticity, and tissue fragility.7WaldEbook BRS Pathology (4th edition) : Part 2
enstrom macroglobulinemia produces vascular damage from sludging of hypervis-cous blood. It can also cause platelet functional abnormalities.8Amyloidohttps://khothuvien.cori!chapter ^2Hemorrhagic DisordersI.DISORDERS OF PRIMARY HEMOSTASISA.General considerations1Disorders of primary hemostasis are d Ebook BRS Pathology (4th edition) : Part 2the vascular endothelium, leading to necrosis and rupture of small blood vessels.c. Platelet disorders1Thrombocytopenia (quantitative platelet dysfunction)a.General considerations-1Dominant features include petechial cutaneous bleeding, intracranial bleeding, and oozing from mucosal surfaces.-2Chara Ebook BRS Pathology (4th edition) : Part 2cteristics include decreased platelet count and prolonged bleeding time. There is no fast, reliable test of platelet function; bleeding time representEbook BRS Pathology (4th edition) : Part 2
s the best approximation but is not commonly employed in modern practice due to inaccuracy and problems with reproducibility. Bone marrow aspiration rhttps://khothuvien.cori!chapter ^2Hemorrhagic DisordersI.DISORDERS OF PRIMARY HEMOSTASISA.General considerations1Disorders of primary hemostasis are d Ebook BRS Pathology (4th edition) : Part 2n.-3Causes include decreased production, increased destruction, unreplaced loss, or dilution of platelets, brought about by a wide variety of etiologic factors.b.Irradiation, exposure to drugs or chemicals causes decreased production.c.Acute leukemia causes decreased production because of replacemen Ebook BRS Pathology (4th edition) : Part 2t of bone marrow by blast cells.d.Myelophthisis causes decreased production because of bone marrow replacement, usually by tumor cells.https://khothuvien.cori!chapter ^2Hemorrhagic DisordersI.DISORDERS OF PRIMARY HEMOSTASISA.General considerations1Disorders of primary hemostasis are dhttps://khothuvien.cori!chapter ^2Hemorrhagic DisordersI.DISORDERS OF PRIMARY HEMOSTASISA.General considerations1Disorders of primary hemostasis are dGọi ngay
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