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Ebook Concise book of medical laboratory technology - Methods and interpretations (2nd edition): Part 2

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Nội dung chi tiết: Ebook Concise book of medical laboratory technology - Methods and interpretations (2nd edition): Part 2

Ebook Concise book of medical laboratory technology - Methods and interpretations (2nd edition): Part 2

Serology/lmmunologyBASIC IMMUNOLOGYT e immune system offers protection against invading microorganisms, viruses and other foreign materials. Somehow,

Ebook Concise book of medical laboratory technology - Methods and interpretations (2nd edition): Part 2 it must distinguish between Valuable what ••belongs" and what doesn't "belong". Failure to detect and expel foreign materials can lead to problems du

e to immunodefciency (i.e. AIDS) and misidentifcation of “self’(autoimmunity).Antigen-ImmunogenAntigen is a molecule that binds with an antibody or T Ebook Concise book of medical laboratory technology - Methods and interpretations (2nd edition): Part 2

cell receptor (antigenicity is the ability to bind to the antibody).Immunogen is a molecule that can elicit an immune response (immuaogenicity is the

Ebook Concise book of medical laboratory technology - Methods and interpretations (2nd edition): Part 2

ability to elicit an immune response).AntigenicitySeveral factors infuence how "antigenic" a molecule is. .Most important is how foreign it is. with m

Serology/lmmunologyBASIC IMMUNOLOGYT e immune system offers protection against invading microorganisms, viruses and other foreign materials. Somehow,

Ebook Concise book of medical laboratory technology - Methods and interpretations (2nd edition): Part 2 size — the larger the better, generally. 1000 Daltons are about the lower limit.Complexity: Te more complex the better. For example, simple repeating

polysaccharides like starch aren't very good, while proteins with a constantly changing sequence of 20 or so different amino acids are good> Structur Ebook Concise book of medical laboratory technology - Methods and interpretations (2nd edition): Part 2

al stability: A fxed shape is helpful. For example, gelatin (which wobbles) is a poor antigen unless it is stabilizedDegradability~r Foreign n ess.Epi

Ebook Concise book of medical laboratory technology - Methods and interpretations (2nd edition): Part 2

topes (Fig. 22.1)For a molecule such as a protein, a given antibody will "be directly against" only one of all the possible pans of the entire molecul

Serology/lmmunologyBASIC IMMUNOLOGYT e immune system offers protection against invading microorganisms, viruses and other foreign materials. Somehow,

Ebook Concise book of medical laboratory technology - Methods and interpretations (2nd edition): Part 2which will contain several epitopes.An epitope is also known as an antigenic determinant. Some epitopes are better able to elicit antibodies than othe

rs. T ey are known as Immunodominant Epitopes.How 8/g is ơn Epitope?About 6 units of a polysaccharide chain, or about 6-S amino acids. For a protein e Ebook Concise book of medical laboratory technology - Methods and interpretations (2nd edition): Part 2

pitope, it is the shape of the epitope, rather than the specifc amino acid sequence that isfid. 22.1: Sites for obtaining blood by venipuncture from f

Ebook Concise book of medical laboratory technology - Methods and interpretations (2nd edition): Part 2

orearm564 Concise Book of Medical Laborator)'Technology: Methods and Interpretationsimportant. For example, a few ammo acids, which come from differen

Serology/lmmunologyBASIC IMMUNOLOGYT e immune system offers protection against invading microorganisms, viruses and other foreign materials. Somehow,

Ebook Concise book of medical laboratory technology - Methods and interpretations (2nd edition): Part 2itope, this is known as "cross-reactivity". If this happens, it will be because the two epitopes ‘look alike" in some way.Some intestinal bacteria pos

sess antigens that look like blood group A and B antigens which can be absorbed through the intestinal wall into the bloodstream: therefore, people of Ebook Concise book of medical laboratory technology - Methods and interpretations (2nd edition): Part 2

blood group A will have antibodies against the B antigens even if they never have been exposed to B-type blood cells.Antibodies directed against huma

Ebook Concise book of medical laboratory technology - Methods and interpretations (2nd edition): Part 2

n serum will cross-react with serum from chimpanzees, gorillas, orangutans and spider monkeys to an increasingly lesser extent.What are the Different

Serology/lmmunologyBASIC IMMUNOLOGYT e immune system offers protection against invading microorganisms, viruses and other foreign materials. Somehow,

Ebook Concise book of medical laboratory technology - Methods and interpretations (2nd edition): Part 2of microorganisms.Antibodies themselves: Human immunoglobulin G, which contains human antibodies, is immunogenic in experimental animals, because it i

s foreign to them.Polysaccharides: Simple ones are not good. Longer ones, especially if they are complex and or associated with proteins, can be good. Ebook Concise book of medical laboratory technology - Methods and interpretations (2nd edition): Part 2

Blood Group Antigens: A. B. AB and o.LPS or Lipopolysaccharides: From cell wall of gramnegative bacteria.Lipids are generally poor antigens.Nucleic ac

Ebook Concise book of medical laboratory technology - Methods and interpretations (2nd edition): Part 2

ids are generally poor antigens.AntibodyA class of proteins that migrate in the gamma fraction. T ey are Classi fed on the basis of heavy chains.>IgG—

Serology/lmmunologyBASIC IMMUNOLOGYT e immune system offers protection against invading microorganisms, viruses and other foreign materials. Somehow,

Ebook Concise book of medical laboratory technology - Methods and interpretations (2nd edition): Part 2stem, activates complement

Serology/lmmunologyBASIC IMMUNOLOGYT e immune system offers protection against invading microorganisms, viruses and other foreign materials. Somehow,

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