Ebook Epidemiology, evidence-based medicine and public health (6/E): Part 2
➤ Gửi thông báo lỗi ⚠️ Báo cáo tài liệu vi phạmNội dung chi tiết: Ebook Epidemiology, evidence-based medicine and public health (6/E): Part 2
Ebook Epidemiology, evidence-based medicine and public health (6/E): Part 2
12Systematic reviews and meta-analysis Penny Whiting and Jonathan SterneUniversity of BristolLearning objectivesIn this chapter yon will learn to:/ de Ebook Epidemiology, evidence-based medicine and public health (6/E): Part 2efine a systematic review, and explain why it provides more reliable evidence than a traditional narrative review:/ succinctly describe the steps in conducting a systematic review:/ understand the concept of meta‘analysis and other means of synthesising results:✓ explain what is meant by heterogenei Ebook Epidemiology, evidence-based medicine and public health (6/E): Part 2ty;/ critically appraise the conduct of a systematic review.What are systematic reviews and why do we need them?Systematic reviews are studies of studEbook Epidemiology, evidence-based medicine and public health (6/E): Part 2
ies that offer a systematic approach to reviewing and summarising evidence. They follow a defined structure to identify, evaluate and summarise all av12Systematic reviews and meta-analysis Penny Whiting and Jonathan SterneUniversity of BristolLearning objectivesIn this chapter yon will learn to:/ de Ebook Epidemiology, evidence-based medicine and public health (6/E): Part 2ases associated with, and subjective nature of, traditional narrative reviews. Key characteristics of a systematic review include a set of objectives withpre-defined inclusion criteria, explicit and reproducible methodology, comprehensive searches that aim to identify all relevant studies, assessmen Ebook Epidemiology, evidence-based medicine and public health (6/E): Part 2t of the quality of included studies, and a standardised presentation and synthesis of the characteristics and findings of the included studies.SystemEbook Epidemiology, evidence-based medicine and public health (6/E): Part 2
atic reviews are an essential tool to allow individuals and policy makers to make evidencebased decisions and to inform the development of clinical gu12Systematic reviews and meta-analysis Penny Whiting and Jonathan SterneUniversity of BristolLearning objectivesIn this chapter yon will learn to:/ de Ebook Epidemiology, evidence-based medicine and public health (6/E): Part 2studies: (2) critically appraise primary studies addressing the same research question, and investigate possible reasons for conflicting results among them: (3) provide more precise and reliable effect estimates than isEpidemiology. Evidence-bated Medicine and Public Health Lecture Notes, Sixth Edit Ebook Epidemiology, evidence-based medicine and public health (6/E): Part 2ion. Yoav Ben-Shlomo. SaraT. Brookes and Matthew Hickman. © 2013 Y. Ben-ShlomOk s. T. Brookes and M. I Itckman. Published 2013 by John Wiles- & Sons,Ebook Epidemiology, evidence-based medicine and public health (6/E): Part 2
Ltd.I Systematic reviews a5;’possible from individual studies, which are often underpowered; and (4) identify gaps in the evidence base.How do we cond12Systematic reviews and meta-analysis Penny Whiting and Jonathan SterneUniversity of BristolLearning objectivesIn this chapter yon will learn to:/ de Ebook Epidemiology, evidence-based medicine and public health (6/E): Part 2teria for identifying and selecting relevant studies, extracting data, assessing study quality, and analysing results. To minimise bias and errors in the review process, the reference screening, inclusion assessment, data extraction and quality assessment should involve at least two independent revi Ebook Epidemiology, evidence-based medicine and public health (6/E): Part 2ewers. If it is not practical for all tasks to be conducted in duplicate, it can be acceptable for one reviewer to conduct each stage of the review whEbook Epidemiology, evidence-based medicine and public health (6/E): Part 2
ile a second reviewer checks their decisions. The steps involved in a systematic review are similar to any other research undertaking (Figure 12.1).Fi12Systematic reviews and meta-analysis Penny Whiting and Jonathan SterneUniversity of BristolLearning objectivesIn this chapter yon will learn to:/ de Ebook Epidemiology, evidence-based medicine and public health (6/E): Part 2ion criteria is an essential component of any review. For a review of an intervention the inclusion criteria should be defined in terms of patients, intervention, comparator interventions, outcomes (PICO) and study design. Other types of review (for example, reviews of diagnostic test accuracy studi Ebook Epidemiology, evidence-based medicine and public health (6/E): Part 2es) will use different criteria.Example: We will use a review by Lawlor and Hopker (2001) on the effectiveness of exercise as an intervention for deprEbook Epidemiology, evidence-based medicine and public health (6/E): Part 2
ession to illustrate the steps in a systematic review. This review aimed ‘to determine the effectiveness of exercise as an intervention in the managem12Systematic reviews and meta-analysis Penny Whiting and Jonathan SterneUniversity of BristolLearning objectivesIn this chapter yon will learn to:/ de Ebook Epidemiology, evidence-based medicine and public health (6/E): Part 2agnosis of depression (any measure and any severity) ExerciseEstablished treatment of depression. Studies with an exercise control group were excluded.Depression (any measure).Studies reporting only anxiety or other disorders were excluded.Randomised controlled trialsIdentify relevant studies Ebook Epidemiology, evidence-based medicine and public health (6/E): Part 212Systematic reviews and meta-analysis Penny Whiting and Jonathan SterneUniversity of BristolLearning objectivesIn this chapter yon will learn to:/ deGọi ngay
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