Ebook Forensic pathology for police, death investigators attorneys and forensic scientists: Part 2
➤ Gửi thông báo lỗi ⚠️ Báo cáo tài liệu vi phạmNội dung chi tiết: Ebook Forensic pathology for police, death investigators attorneys and forensic scientists: Part 2
Ebook Forensic pathology for police, death investigators attorneys and forensic scientists: Part 2
Part IIIMajor Causes/Mechanisms of DeathChapter 10Natural DeathsOne man dies in full vigor, completely secure and at ease, Ins body well nourished, hi Ebook Forensic pathology for police, death investigators attorneys and forensic scientists: Part 2is bones rich with marrow. Another man dies in bitterness of soul, never having enjoyed anything good. Side by side they lie tn the dust, and worms cover them both.Job 21:23-26Abstract A large percentage of deaths investigated by forensic pathologists result from underlying natural disease processes Ebook Forensic pathology for police, death investigators attorneys and forensic scientists: Part 2. Chapter 10 provides a relatively detailed description of the common and many uncommon natural disease processes that are known to result in death, pEbook Forensic pathology for police, death investigators attorneys and forensic scientists: Part 2
rimarily in adults (Chapter 20 includes a discussion of childhood diseases). Sections of the chapter are grouped according to physiologic mechanism orPart IIIMajor Causes/Mechanisms of DeathChapter 10Natural DeathsOne man dies in full vigor, completely secure and at ease, Ins body well nourished, hi Ebook Forensic pathology for police, death investigators attorneys and forensic scientists: Part 2rent pathologic process resulting from the body's natural, usually long-term, response to a combination of genetic (internal) and environmental (external) factors. The definition specifically excludes processes that are traumatic (as detailed in many of the other chapters within this text) and those Ebook Forensic pathology for police, death investigators attorneys and forensic scientists: Part 2 that involve the acute (quick) manifestations of an external factor. Various “lifestyle factors,” such as diet, being sedentary, and chronic substancEbook Forensic pathology for police, death investigators attorneys and forensic scientists: Part 2
e abuse, are considered factors that are acceptable external influences within the realm of “natural disease.” Likewise, contracting an infectious disPart IIIMajor Causes/Mechanisms of DeathChapter 10Natural DeathsOne man dies in full vigor, completely secure and at ease, Ins body well nourished, hi Ebook Forensic pathology for police, death investigators attorneys and forensic scientists: Part 2y a mosquito, developing a community-acquired bacterial pneumonia), and subsequently dying from the infection is typically considered a natural death. In many other cases, the presence of various external factors are what define the case as being something other than a natural death. For example, a Ebook Forensic pathology for police, death investigators attorneys and forensic scientists: Part 2death resulting from atherosclerotic plaques within the coronary arteries (described below), which, in turn, result from a combinationJ. Prahlow, ForeEbook Forensic pathology for police, death investigators attorneys and forensic scientists: Part 2
nsic Pathology for Police. Death Investigators, Attorneys.205and Forensic Scientists DOI 10 1007 97R-1-50745-404-9 ID20610 Natural Deathsof genetic faPart IIIMajor Causes/Mechanisms of DeathChapter 10Natural DeathsOne man dies in full vigor, completely secure and at ease, Ins body well nourished, hi Ebook Forensic pathology for police, death investigators attorneys and forensic scientists: Part 2physical trauma sustained in an automobile collision cannot be considered a natural death. This is true regardless of the timing of the death (which may occur decades after the crash, from long-standing complications). When we consider dings and toxins, the rationale changes slightly from how cases Ebook Forensic pathology for police, death investigators attorneys and forensic scientists: Part 2of physical trauma are treated. A death due to the acute intoxicating effects of a ding or alcohol is not classified as a natural death: however, by cEbook Forensic pathology for police, death investigators attorneys and forensic scientists: Part 2
onvention, if a death results from chronic alcohol or drug abuse, the case is considered a natural death.The human body is made up of cells, tissues, Part IIIMajor Causes/Mechanisms of DeathChapter 10Natural DeathsOne man dies in full vigor, completely secure and at ease, Ins body well nourished, hi Ebook Forensic pathology for police, death investigators attorneys and forensic scientists: Part 2environmental), or a combination (“multifactorial”). It is useful to consider some of the ways in which the body responds to stress when describing natural diseases. It is beyond the scope of this text to describe every possible response; however, some of the more common responses will be presented. Ebook Forensic pathology for police, death investigators attorneys and forensic scientists: Part 2 A very common response involves the process referred to as “inflammation.” The inflammatory process can be thought of as a very complex process by whEbook Forensic pathology for police, death investigators attorneys and forensic scientists: Part 2
ich the body attempts to eliminate the cause of a stress, or at least minimize its effects. The stress itself can include physical trauma of a varietyPart IIIMajor Causes/Mechanisms of DeathChapter 10Natural DeathsOne man dies in full vigor, completely secure and at ease, Ins body well nourished, hi Ebook Forensic pathology for police, death investigators attorneys and forensic scientists: Part 2c... In living people, a variety of signs, symptoms, and laboratory tests can indicate that inflammation exists. At autopsy, pathologists are frequently able to detect areas of inflammation, both by gross (naked eye) examination, as well as microscopically. When the mechanisms that result in inflamm Ebook Forensic pathology for police, death investigators attorneys and forensic scientists: Part 2ation are extremely active, and abundant amounts of the various substances involved in the inflammatory process are circulating throughout the body, aEbook Forensic pathology for police, death investigators attorneys and forensic scientists: Part 2
condition known as the “systemic inflammatory response syndrome” (SIRS) can occur. This is particularly common in association with widespread (systemPart IIIMajor Causes/Mechanisms of DeathChapter 10Natural DeathsOne man dies in full vigor, completely secure and at ease, Ins body well nourished, hi Ebook Forensic pathology for police, death investigators attorneys and forensic scientists: Part 2ated with a significant risk of death.Some other basic types of responses to stress include “hypertrophy” (increased cell and organ size), “hyperplasia” (increased number of cells), “atrophy” (cell organ shrinkage), and a process referred to as “metaplasia,” in which the cells lining a surface actua Ebook Forensic pathology for police, death investigators attorneys and forensic scientists: Part 2lly change from one type to another. A variety of stressors can lead to these changes. The term “neoplasia” literally means “new growth,” and the newEbook Forensic pathology for police, death investigators attorneys and forensic scientists: Part 2
growths that develop are referred to as “neoplasms,” or tumors. Typically, neoplasia results from numerous mutations occurring within a cell’s genes, Part IIIMajor Causes/Mechanisms of DeathChapter 10Natural DeathsOne man dies in full vigor, completely secure and at ease, Ins body well nourished, hi Ebook Forensic pathology for police, death investigators attorneys and forensic scientists: Part 2asis is the ability to break away from the primary, or original, neoplasm, travel to a distant site, and begin growing at that new site). In contrast, a “malignant” neoplasm typically has the capacity to invade as well as metastasize.The term “ischemia” refers to a reduction in blood flow to a parti Ebook Forensic pathology for police, death investigators attorneys and forensic scientists: Part 2cular organ or part of the body. Part of ischemia is a lack of tissue oxygenation, which is referredInfectious Disease207to as “hypoxia.” An extreme fEbook Forensic pathology for police, death investigators attorneys and forensic scientists: Part 2
orm of hypoxia is referred to as “anoxia.” where essentially no oxygen is delivered to the tissue. Hypoxia.'anoxia can be transient or sometimes relatPart IIIMajor Causes/Mechanisms of DeathChapter 10Natural DeathsOne man dies in full vigor, completely secure and at ease, Ins body well nourished, hi Ebook Forensic pathology for police, death investigators attorneys and forensic scientists: Part 2nder of the body's organs,••’tissues./cells continue to live and function normally. When cells/tissues die in this manner, they are said to have experienced “necrosis,” and the dead area is said to be “necrotic.” The name applied to an area of necrotic tissue caused by hypoxia is “infarct.” Therefor Ebook Forensic pathology for police, death investigators attorneys and forensic scientists: Part 2e, an “infarction” is a localized area of necrotic (dead) tissuc/organ within a living person. It takes many hours for necrosis to be visible grosslyEbook Forensic pathology for police, death investigators attorneys and forensic scientists: Part 2
as well as microscopically, following the actual physiologic event. As such, if someone dies immediately or shortly after experiencing an infarct, thePart IIIMajor Causes/Mechanisms of DeathChapter 10Natural DeathsOne man dies in full vigor, completely secure and at ease, Ins body well nourished, hi Ebook Forensic pathology for police, death investigators attorneys and forensic scientists: Part 2r system or the respiratory system. This is especially useful for diseases that primarily affect one system. Some disorders, however, affect multiple systems. Another categorization scheme involves basic physiologic mechanisms of disease. For example, some diseases primarily involve blood vessel fun Ebook Forensic pathology for police, death investigators attorneys and forensic scientists: Part 2ction: some involve infection; some are primarily immune disorders; some are congenital anomalies (birth defects); some are molecular, related to geneEbook Forensic pathology for police, death investigators attorneys and forensic scientists: Part 2
tic mutations: some involve increased workload or other stressors; some are primarily electrical in nature, such as cardiac conduction system abnormalPart IIIMajor Causes/Mechanisms of DeathChapter 10Natural DeathsOne man dies in full vigor, completely secure and at ease, Ins body well nourished, hi Ebook Forensic pathology for police, death investigators attorneys and forensic scientists: Part 2le to identity at autopsy. In the remainder of this chapter, an attempt will be made to present natural diseases that can lead to death, based on the physiologic mechanism or the organ system involved, followed by several miscellaneous categories that do not lit nicely into a specific organ system. Ebook Forensic pathology for police, death investigators attorneys and forensic scientists: Part 2Several disorders that may affect children are presented in this chapter, but some are described in further detail elsewhere. The reader is referred tEbook Forensic pathology for police, death investigators attorneys and forensic scientists: Part 2
o Chapter 20 (Deaths in Infancy and Childhood) for additional descriptions of natural death in children.Infectious DiseaseAs with many of the other toPart IIIMajor Causes/Mechanisms of DeathChapter 10Natural DeathsOne man dies in full vigor, completely secure and at ease, Ins body well nourished, hi Ebook Forensic pathology for police, death investigators attorneys and forensic scientists: Part 2h exists. In general terms, infections involve tissue damage and pathologic effects as a result of the growth of a micro-organism on or within the body. As such, when micro-organisms reside on or within the body without causing pathologic changes, it is not considered an infection. These organisms a Ebook Forensic pathology for police, death investigators attorneys and forensic scientists: Part 2rc called "commensal organisms” or “normal Hora.” Occasionally, one of these can overgrow and cause an infection, but certain special circumstances arEbook Forensic pathology for police, death investigators attorneys and forensic scientists: Part 2
e typically requừed.There are several different categories of infectious organisms, including bacteria. mycobacteria, fungi, viruses. parasites, and pGọi ngay
Chat zalo
Facebook