Ebook GENOSYS–exam preparatory manual for undergraduates biochemistry: Part 2
➤ Gửi thông báo lỗi ⚠️ Báo cáo tài liệu vi phạmNội dung chi tiết: Ebook GENOSYS–exam preparatory manual for undergraduates biochemistry: Part 2
Ebook GENOSYS–exam preparatory manual for undergraduates biochemistry: Part 2
ChapterNutritionNutrients are the constituents 0Í food, necessary to sustain the normal functions of the body. All energy is provided by three classes Ebook GENOSYS–exam preparatory manual for undergraduates biochemistry: Part 2s of nutrients namely fats, carbohydrates, proteins, and In some diets and ethanol, lhe Intake of these energy-rich molecules is larger than that of the other dietary nutrients, Therefore, they are called macronutrients. Those nutrients needed in lesser amounts, vitamins and minerals are called micr Ebook GENOSYS–exam preparatory manual for undergraduates biochemistry: Part 2onutrients.VITAMINSVitamins are essential organic compounds that the animal organism is not capable of forming itself, although it requires them in smEbook GENOSYS–exam preparatory manual for undergraduates biochemistry: Part 2
all amounts for metabolism. Most vitamins are precursors of coenzymes; In some cases, they are also precursors of hormones or act as antioxidants.FAT-ChapterNutritionNutrients are the constituents 0Í food, necessary to sustain the normal functions of the body. All energy is provided by three classes Ebook GENOSYS–exam preparatory manual for undergraduates biochemistry: Part 2provitamins and are found in plants.2They are absorbed from gastrointestinal (Gl) lumen in the presence of lipids and are emulsified with the bile.3They are stored in liver and adipose tissue.4Largedosesforalongduratloncausehypervltaminosls.Vitamin AThe fat-soluble vitamin A is present only in foods Ebook GENOSYS–exam preparatory manual for undergraduates biochemistry: Part 2 of animal origin. However, Its provitamin carotenoids are found in plants. All the compounds with vitamin A activity are referred as retinoids. TheyEbook GENOSYS–exam preparatory manual for undergraduates biochemistry: Part 2
include retinol, retinal and retinoic acid.Absorption of Vitamin A1Beta-carotene is cleaved by a dioxygenase to form retinal. The retinal is reduced tChapterNutritionNutrients are the constituents 0Í food, necessary to sustain the normal functions of the body. All energy is provided by three classes Ebook GENOSYS–exam preparatory manual for undergraduates biochemistry: Part 2the intestinal mucosa. Intestine is the major site of absorption.2The absorption is along with other fats and requires bile salts. In biliary tract, obstruction and steatorrhea, vitamin A is reduced.3Within the mucosal cell, the retinol is re-esterified with fatty acids, incorporated into chylomicro Ebook GENOSYS–exam preparatory manual for undergraduates biochemistry: Part 2ns and transported to liver, in the liver stellate cells, vitamin A Is stored as retinol palmitate.Transport from Liver to TissuesThe vitamin A from lEbook GENOSYS–exam preparatory manual for undergraduates biochemistry: Part 2
iver is transported to peripheral tissues as trans-retinol by the retinol-binding protein (RBP).Biochemical Role of Vitamin A1Wald’s visual cycle: RhoChapterNutritionNutrients are the constituents 0Í food, necessary to sustain the normal functions of the body. All energy is provided by three classes Ebook GENOSYS–exam preparatory manual for undergraduates biochemistry: Part 2.The primary event in visual cycle, on exposure to light, is the isomerization of 11-cis-retinal to all-trans-retinal (Fig. 7.1). This leads to a conformational change in opsin, which is responsible for the generation of nerve Impulse. Ute all-trans-retlnal is Immediately isomerized by retinal isome Ebook GENOSYS–exam preparatory manual for undergraduates biochemistry: Part 2rase (retinal epithelium) to 11-cis-retinal. This combines with opsin to regenerate rhodopsin and complete the visual cycle. However, the conversion oEbook GENOSYS–exam preparatory manual for undergraduates biochemistry: Part 2
fhttps //Kat cr/user/Blink99/72 Section 1: TheoriesAJI-trans-retinolI 11-os-rellnol11-cts-ret>naldehydeRhodopsin (visual purple)Light-16 _ sIi§PbotorhChapterNutritionNutrients are the constituents 0Í food, necessary to sustain the normal functions of the body. All energy is provided by three classesChapterNutritionNutrients are the constituents 0Í food, necessary to sustain the normal functions of the body. All energy is provided by three classesGọi ngay
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