Critiques and Counter-Critiques of the Postmaterialism Thesis Thirty-four Years of Debate
➤ Gửi thông báo lỗi ⚠️ Báo cáo tài liệu vi phạmNội dung chi tiết: Critiques and Counter-Critiques of the Postmaterialism Thesis Thirty-four Years of Debate
Critiques and Counter-Critiques of the Postmaterialism Thesis Thirty-four Years of Debate
0Critiques and Counter-Critiques of the Postinaterialism Thesis: Thirty-four Years of DebatePaul R. Abramson Department of Political Science 303 South Critiques and Counter-Critiques of the Postmaterialism Thesis Thirty-four Years of Debateh Kedzie Hall Michigan State University-East Lansing. Michigan 48824-1032 Email: abramson(erences Leuphana University, Liineburg, Germany University of California, Irvine, U.S.A.40613ABSTRACTIsummarize and evaluate published critiques in En Critiques and Counter-Critiques of the Postmaterialism Thesis Thirty-four Years of Debateglish and French of Inglehart’s value change thesis, which he first advanced in 1971.1 discuss them in the order in which they were published. Where ICritiques and Counter-Critiques of the Postmaterialism Thesis Thirty-four Years of Debate
nglehart or Inglehart and his colleagues reply to a critique, the response follows my summary-. Where authors have published more than one critique, I0Critiques and Counter-Critiques of the Postinaterialism Thesis: Thirty-four Years of DebatePaul R. Abramson Department of Political Science 303 South Critiques and Counter-Critiques of the Postmaterialism Thesis Thirty-four Years of Debateg with Lee (2007). I summarize eighteen responses by Inglehart and by Inglehan and his colleagues, beginning with Inglehart (1982) and ending with Inglehart and Abramson (1999). Much of my discussion focuses on two scholars who raise a series of critiques over several years, Flanagan (1979 through 2 Critiques and Counter-Critiques of the Postmaterialism Thesis Thirty-four Years of Debate003) and Clarke (1991 through 2000). 1 briefly demonstrate that generational replacement was a driving force contributing to the trend toward PostmateCritiques and Counter-Critiques of the Postmaterialism Thesis Thirty-four Years of Debate
rialism.Author’s note: 1 am grateful to Ani Sarkisian, Brian D. Silver, and Jan w. Van Deth for their comments.Four decades ago Inglehart (1971) repor0Critiques and Counter-Critiques of the Postinaterialism Thesis: Thirty-four Years of DebatePaul R. Abramson Department of Political Science 303 South Critiques and Counter-Critiques of the Postmaterialism Thesis Thirty-four Years of Debatemestic order, younger Europeans were more likely to value political liberties. Inglehart labeled these priorities as “acquisitive” and “post-bourgeois,” but he subsequently (1977) used the terms “Materialist” and “Postmaterialist.” Although he had surveys in Britain, France, West Germany, Italy, The Critiques and Counter-Critiques of the Postmaterialism Thesis Thirty-four Years of Debate Netherlands, and Belgium only for 1970, he speculated that age-group differences probably resulted from differences in the formative socialization ofCritiques and Counter-Critiques of the Postmaterialism Thesis Thirty-four Years of Debate
younger and older Europeans. He acknowledged that they might also result partly from the higher educational levels of the young.1Many scholars view I0Critiques and Counter-Critiques of the Postinaterialism Thesis: Thirty-four Years of DebatePaul R. Abramson Department of Political Science 303 South Critiques and Counter-Critiques of the Postmaterialism Thesis Thirty-four Years of Debateexamples of successful prediction in political science.”2 The authors of the five-volume Beliefs in Government study find overwhelming evidence of a shift toward Postmaterialism, away from religious values, and a shift toward a redefinition of the Left-Right continuum. Scarbrough, who analyzes Mater Critiques and Counter-Critiques of the Postmaterialism Thesis Thirty-four Years of Debateialist'Postmaterialist orientations, concludes (1995, 156) “indisputably, across much of Western Europe, value orientations are shifting.” General ediCritiques and Counter-Critiques of the Postmaterialism Thesis Thirty-four Years of Debate
tors, Kaase and Newton (1995, 61), sum up the findings: “We find substantial support for the model which traces social changes to value changes, and v0Critiques and Counter-Critiques of the Postinaterialism Thesis: Thirty-four Years of DebatePaul R. Abramson Department of Political Science 303 South Critiques and Counter-Critiques of the Postmaterialism Thesis Thirty-four Years of Debate in recent decades researchers have advanced theories to explain how values are changing, but argues that Inglehart’s research has been the most influential.Inglehart has studied changes in party systems (Inglehart and Klingemann 1976), democratization and modernization (Inglehart and Welzel 2005; W Critiques and Counter-Critiques of the Postmaterialism Thesis Thirty-four Years of Debateelzel and Inglehart 2005), gender equality (Inglehart and Norris 2003), religion (Norris and Inglehart 2004), and the effects of the media upon worldwCritiques and Counter-Critiques of the Postmaterialism Thesis Thirty-four Years of Debate
ide culture (Norris and Inglehart (2009). Yet, a large part of his work is about value change. Not all the citations to Inglehart’s work are to his wo0Critiques and Counter-Critiques of the Postinaterialism Thesis: Thirty-four Years of DebatePaul R. Abramson Department of Political Science 303 South Critiques and Counter-Critiques of the Postmaterialism Thesis Thirty-four Years of Debatel is vanity.”3That said, Inglehart is among the most cited political scientists of our time, and. as Wuffle (1986, 58) points out, “In academia, citation is the sincerest fonn of flattery.” In 1989, Klingemann, Grofman, and Campagna identified the 400 most cited political scientists at Ph.D.1The ite Critiques and Counter-Critiques of the Postmaterialism Thesis Thirty-four Years of Debatems and measures used to construct Inglehart’s measures have been widely reported, although the procedures used to construct the twelve-item measure haCritiques and Counter-Critiques of the Postmaterialism Thesis Thirty-four Years of Debate
ve varied over time. For the clearest statement of how these measures are constructed, including the SPSS syntax statements used to create them, see I0Critiques and Counter-Critiques of the Postinaterialism Thesis: Thirty-four Years of DebatePaul R. Abramson Department of Political Science 303 South Critiques and Counter-Critiques of the Postmaterialism Thesis Thirty-four Years of Debateines later, Ecclesiastes tells US, “One generation passeth away, and another generation cometh: but the earth abideth forever.” (1:4). Unfortunately, Ecclesiastes does not speculate about value differences between the older and younger generation. Alter (2010, 346) points out, the KJV translation of Critiques and Counter-Critiques of the Postmaterialism Thesis Thirty-four Years of Debate (1:2) misreads the Hebrew. His own translation is, “Merest breath, said Qohelet, merest breath. All is mere breath.” Alter’s translation of 1:4 is veCritiques and Counter-Critiques of the Postmaterialism Thesis Thirty-four Years of Debate
ry similar to the KJV, however: “A generation goes and a generation comes, but the earth endures forever.”2granting institutions in the United States.0Critiques and Counter-Critiques of the Postinaterialism Thesis: Thirty-four Years of DebatePaul R. Abramson Department of Political Science 303 South Critiques and Counter-Critiques of the Postmaterialism Thesis Thirty-four Years of Debated most cited member of the 1965-69 Ph.D. cohort. Only twenty-seven political scientists were cited more frequently, and twenty-four of them received their Ph.D. before 1965. In an update, Masuoka, Grofman, and Feld (2007) again use the Social Science Citation Index, which can now be accessed using t Critiques and Counter-Critiques of the Postmaterialism Thesis Thirty-four Years of Debatehe computerized Web of Science. Inglehart had 4,128 citations, ranking second in the 1965-69 cohort to Robert Axelrod. 1 he only other political scienCritiques and Counter-Critiques of the Postmaterialism Thesis Thirty-four Years of Debate
tists with more citations were Robert A. Dahl, Samuel p. Huntington, Norman H. Nie, Robert D. Putnam, and James Q. Wilson.Lee Sigelman (2006) lists th0Critiques and Counter-Critiques of the Postinaterialism Thesis: Thirty-four Years of DebatePaul R. Abramson Department of Political Science 303 South Critiques and Counter-Critiques of the Postmaterialism Thesis Thirty-four Years of Debate develop the most innovative measure of professional visibility. lhey count citations to political scientists between 1956 and 1993 and the number of articles they published in American Political Science Review betw een 1974 and 1994. They multiply the number of citations by the number of articles a Critiques and Counter-Critiques of the Postmaterialism Thesis Thirty-four Years of Debatend divide by 1,000. yielding a Professional Visibility Index (PV1). Granted, they present results only for authors with five or mote APSR articles, buCritiques and Counter-Critiques of the Postmaterialism Thesis Thirty-four Years of Debate
t that is not a fundamental limitation of their measure. With seven APSR articles and 2,639 citations, Inglehart had a PVT score of 18.47, ranking thi0Critiques and Counter-Critiques of the Postinaterialism Thesis: Thirty-four Years of DebatePaul R. Abramson Department of Political Science 303 South Critiques and Counter-Critiques of the Postmaterialism Thesis Thirty-four Years of Debatet favorably, and many scholars use the World Values Survey (WVS) data, from the outset scholars criticized his value change thesis. 1 will discuss the critiques published in English and French,0 for the most part ignoring books reviews.' I discuss them in the order in which they were published. When Critiques and Counter-Critiques of the Postmaterialism Thesis Thirty-four Years of Debate an author has raised a series of critiques 1 will start with his first critique and follow it through to his last. These critiques cover a wide varieCritiques and Counter-Critiques of the Postmaterialism Thesis Thirty-four Years of Debate
ty of issues, some technical, some questioning whether value change has occurred, and many questioning how many dimensions Inglehart’s measures captur0Critiques and Counter-Critiques of the Postinaterialism Thesis: Thirty-four Years of DebatePaul R. Abramson Department of Political Science 303 South Critiques and Counter-Critiques of the Postmaterialism Thesis Thirty-four Years of Debatearkable interest in Ingleharl’s value change thesis, and in his concept of Postmaterialism. These critiques began in 1973 and have continued into the Twenty-first Century.- Restricting the analyses to the United States is a substantial limitation, and there could also be highly cited political scien Critiques and Counter-Critiques of the Postmaterialism Thesis Thirty-four Years of Debatetists who do not teac h in Ph.D. granting departments. This limitation may have l>een imposed because the original goal of the research was Io rale PhCritiques and Counter-Critiques of the Postmaterialism Thesis Thirty-four Years of Debate
.D. granting U.S. political science departments (Klingemann 1986). Although not all 400 are listed, one can determine the most frequently cited becaus0Critiques and Counter-Critiques of the Postinaterialism Thesis: Thirty-four Years of DebatePaul R. Abramson Department of Political Science 303 South Critiques and Counter-Critiques of the Postmaterialism Thesis Thirty-four Years of Debateto rely on the Social Science Citation Index.' 1 his measure heavily weights publication in the Review. A highly productive scholar with no publications in the APSR would have a PVT score of 0.0 Rossteutsc her (2004) cites thirteen published works in German that disc USS Tnglehart’s value change the Critiques and Counter-Critiques of the Postmaterialism Thesis Thirty-four Years of Debatesis.With the exception of Shively’s (1991) feature review of Inglehart (1990) of and J. Davis’s (1996) review essay of Abramson and Inglehart (1995),Critiques and Counter-Critiques of the Postmaterialism Thesis Thirty-four Years of Debate
Ỉ do not discuss book reviews." Both scholars with a series of critiques are men.3IKE’S CRITIQUETwo years after Inglehart’s initial APSR article on vaGọi ngay
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