Ebook Pharmacology for dentistry (2nd edition): Part 2

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Ebook Pharmacology for dentistry (2nd edition): Part 2

Autacoids andRespiratory SystemThe word ‘autacoids’ comes from the Greek words—autos (self) and afa)$ (medicinal agent or remedy). Autacoids are produ

Ebook Pharmacology for dentistry (2nd edition): Part 2uced by cells and act locally. Hence, they are also called ‘local hormones’. Various autacoids are histamine, serotonin (5-HT), prostaglandins (PGs),

leukotrienes, angiotensin, kinins and platelet activating factor (PAF).HISTAMINE AND ANTIHISTAMINES■ HistamineHistamine is a biogenic amine present in Ebook Pharmacology for dentistry (2nd edition): Part 2

many animal and plant tissues. It is also present in venoms and stinging secretions. It is synthesized by decarboxylation of the amino acid, histidin

Ebook Pharmacology for dentistry (2nd edition): Part 2

e. Histamine is mainly present in storage granules of mast cells in tissues like skin, lungs, liver, gastric mucosa, placenta, etc. It is one of the m

Autacoids andRespiratory SystemThe word ‘autacoids’ comes from the Greek words—autos (self) and afa)$ (medicinal agent or remedy). Autacoids are produ

Ebook Pharmacology for dentistry (2nd edition): Part 2o histamine (H) receptors.H I s T A M I N EH J-ReceptorsH,-ReceptorsI Ca2*I CAMPSmooth muscle contraction, increase in capillary permeabilityI Gastric

acid secretionHistamine liberatorsMany agents release histamine from mast cells (Fig. 7.1).UsesHistamine has no valid clinical use.Pharmacology for D Ebook Pharmacology for dentistry (2nd edition): Part 2

entistryMast Cell•AG:AB reartion•Food (crab, fish)•Bile salts•Drugs: Morphine, d-TC, dextran, hydralazine, etc.hypotension, tachycardia, bronchospasm,

Ebook Pharmacology for dentistry (2nd edition): Part 2

angioedema, etc.rig. 7.1 Histamine liberators and its effects.BetahistineIt is a histamine analogue that is used orally to treat vertigo in Meniere’s

Autacoids andRespiratory SystemThe word ‘autacoids’ comes from the Greek words—autos (self) and afa)$ (medicinal agent or remedy). Autacoids are produ

Ebook Pharmacology for dentistry (2nd edition): Part 2d in patients with asthma and peptic ulcer.I H^rcceptor Antagonists (Hị-blockers, Antihistamines)ClassificationH.-BlockersAulacoids and Respiratory Sy

stemFirst-generation agents•Diphenhydramine•Dimenhydrinate•Promethazine Ebook Pharmacology for dentistry (2nd edition): Part 2

Autacoids andRespiratory SystemThe word ‘autacoids’ comes from the Greek words—autos (self) and afa)$ (medicinal agent or remedy). Autacoids are produ