Ebook The vanished library: Part 2
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Ebook The vanished library: Part 2
PART IITHE SOURCESIGibbonEdward Gibbon commented that if Omar really ordered the books to be burned, ‘the fact is indeed marvellous’ (The Decline and Ebook The vanished library: Part 2 Fall of the Roman Empire, 1838 ed., vol. VI, p. 452). Gibbon’s source was the Specimen Historiae Arahum of Gregory Abulpharagius, a thirteenth-century'Jewish doctor known as Bar Hebraeus, in the seventeenth-century' Latin translation (1649) made by Edward Pococke, the great orientalist of Corpus Ch Ebook The vanished library: Part 2risti College. Gibbon goes on to remark thatthe solitary report of a stranger who wrote at the end of six hundred years on the confines of Media is ovEbook The vanished library: Part 2
erbalanced by the silence of tw o annalists of a more early date, both Christians, both natives of Egypt, and the most ancient of whom, the patriarch PART IITHE SOURCESIGibbonEdward Gibbon commented that if Omar really ordered the books to be burned, ‘the fact is indeed marvellous’ (The Decline and Ebook The vanished library: Part 2then comments:The rigid sentence of Omar is repugnant to the sound and orthodox precept of the Mahometan casuists: they expressly109The Vanished Librarydeclare, that the religious books of the Jews and Christians, which are acquired by the right of war, should never be committed to the flames.His au Ebook The vanished library: Part 2thority here is Hadrianus Reland, the distinguished Dutch Arabist who lived at the end of the seventeenth century. In his De jure militari MohammedanoEbook The vanished library: Part 2
rum, Reland explains that the religious books of Jews and Christians were not burned for reasons ‘derived from the respect that is due to the name of PART IITHE SOURCESIGibbonEdward Gibbon commented that if Omar really ordered the books to be burned, ‘the fact is indeed marvellous’ (The Decline and Ebook The vanished library: Part 2 beginning with the important Index (al-Fihrist) made by the son of‘al-Warraq’ (‘the bookseller’), which lists every Arabic book and translation into Arabic that its compiler had examined up until the year 988. This dating accords with what we can infer from Philoponus’s commentary on the fourth boo Ebook The vanished library: Part 2k of Aristotle’s Physics, where he remarks: ‘I set it down that today is the tenth of May of the year 333 since the beginning of the reign of DiocletiEbook The vanished library: Part 2
an’ (Commentaria in Aristotelem Graeca, vol. XVII, Berlin 1888, p. 703). Unfortunately, however, some ambiguity' attaches to this piece of evidence. TPART IITHE SOURCESIGibbonEdward Gibbon commented that if Omar really ordered the books to be burned, ‘the fact is indeed marvellous’ (The Decline and Ebook The vanished library: Part 2 fourteenth- or fifteenth-century Greek Marcian MS 230 - written, according to Vitelli, who prepared the Berlin edition, ‘rather carelessly’. The first figure corresponds to 617, and the second to 517, in the Christian calendar. Fabricius, the authority' whomnoGibbonGibbon follows, took the remark i Ebook The vanished library: Part 2n the commentary on the Physics as confirming the Arabic sources, which state that Philoponus was alive in 640 AD and that he conversed with Amrou. ElEbook The vanished library: Part 2
sewhere in his works, however -to be precise, in the sixteenth book of his polemic Against Proclus on the Eternity of the World - Philoponus writes: ‘PART IITHE SOURCESIGibbonEdward Gibbon commented that if Omar really ordered the books to be burned, ‘the fact is indeed marvellous’ (The Decline and Ebook The vanished library: Part 2 suggested that the time indication was to be understood ‘rather loosely’ (paulo laxius), and that Philoponus’s words should be rendered ‘Nam et non longe a nostris temporibus anno 245 Diocletiani’ (‘Now not long from our own times, in the year 245 of Diocletian’) (Bibliotheca Graeca, vol. X, p. 644 Ebook The vanished library: Part 2 in Harles’ revised edition). The fact remains that the presence in Simplicius’s commentary on Aristotle’s De caelo of certain quotations from the RepEbook The vanished library: Part 2
lies to Aristotle on the Eternity of the World (a lost work attributed to Philoponus) inclined scholars as early as the eighteenth century to prefer tPART IITHE SOURCESIGibbonEdward Gibbon commented that if Omar really ordered the books to be burned, ‘the fact is indeed marvellous’ (The Decline and Ebook The vanished library: Part 2nus’s work was well known to the Arabs, and played an important part in the spread of Aristotle’s thought during the early centuries of Arabic culture. This must be the basis of the connection between Philoponus and Amrou which figures in the Arabic historical sources. Ibn al-Kifti relates the dialo Ebook The vanished library: Part 2gue in which John gives a summary' account of the opening episode of Aristeas’ Letter, the meeting between Ptolemy and Demetrius in the library' preciEbook The vanished library: Part 2
nctsIIIThe Vanished Library(an English version of this passage, from the Arabic text prepared by Hussein Mones, is given by Edward A. Parsons, The AlePART IITHE SOURCESIGibbonEdward Gibbon commented that if Omar really ordered the books to be burned, ‘the fact is indeed marvellous’ (The Decline and Ebook The vanished library: Part 2rk on Pulsations (Fabricius, Bibliotheca Graeca, X, p. 652).Gibbon’s aim, as a man of the enlightenment, was to acquit the Arabs of a crime they had never in his view committed. He sought to lay the blame for the destruction of the library on the shoulders of Caesar, who had wrought such havoc durin Ebook The vanished library: Part 2g the Alexandrian war, and above all on the terrible archbishop Theophilus, who razed the Serapeum and whom Gibbon describes as ‘the perpetual enemy oEbook The vanished library: Part 2
f peace and virtue; a bold, bad man, W'hose hands were alternately polluted with gold, and with blood’ (Decline and Fall, in, 519): Gibbon here confusPART IITHE SOURCESIGibbonEdward Gibbon commented that if Omar really ordered the books to be burned, ‘the fact is indeed marvellous’ (The Decline and Ebook The vanished library: Part 2us (XXII, 16). ‘I shall not recapitulate’, he writes,the disasters of the Alexandrian library, the involuntary flame that was kindled by Caesar in his own defence, or the mischievous bigotry' of the Christians who studied to desttoy the monuments of idolatry'.... But if the ponderous mass of Arian a Ebook The vanished library: Part 2nd Monophysite contfoversy were indeed consumed in the public baths, a philosopher may allow, with a smile, that it was ultimately devoted to the beneEbook The vanished library: Part 2
fit of mankind (VI, 452 f.).For Gibbon, the fate of the great libraries of antiquity' is linked above all to the history' of the classical textual ttaPART IITHE SOURCESIGibbonEdward Gibbon commented that if Omar really ordered the books to be burned, ‘the fact is indeed marvellous’ (The Decline and PART IITHE SOURCESIGibbonEdward Gibbon commented that if Omar really ordered the books to be burned, ‘the fact is indeed marvellous’ (The Decline andGọi ngay
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