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L’uomo e la nascita della società mythoi antropologici e sociogonici all’interno dei dialoghi di Platone ()

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L’uomo e la nascita della società mythoi antropologici e sociogonici all’interno dei dialoghi di Platone ()

REAL ESTATE WORKOUTS AND BANKRUPTCY ISSUESACREL SPRING MEETINGMarch, 2006By David R. KuneyI.Introduction: the economic landscape.A.What is the likelih

L’uomo e la nascita della società mythoi antropologici e sociogonici all’interno dei dialoghi di Platone ()hood of a substantial increase in the amount of defaulted commercial loans in 2006? Will there be a resilience of work-outs?B.Yes, according to Fitch’

s evaluation of commercial loans that have been securitized.Filch expects that the loans underwritten between 1999 and 2000, the height of the real es L’uomo e la nascita della società mythoi antropologici e sociogonici all’interno dei dialoghi di Platone ()

tate market, will continue to default at rates that exceed the average anticipated default rate of 1% per year. Fitch also expects that a higher perce

L’uomo e la nascita della società mythoi antropologici e sociogonici all’interno dei dialoghi di Platone ()

ntage of loans close to maturity will default. Significant CMBS issuance began in 1995. As the majority of CMBS loans have 10-year terms, many loans w

REAL ESTATE WORKOUTS AND BANKRUPTCY ISSUESACREL SPRING MEETINGMarch, 2006By David R. KuneyI.Introduction: the economic landscape.A.What is the likelih

L’uomo e la nascita della società mythoi antropologici e sociogonici all’interno dei dialoghi di Platone ()rties’ values have fallen, losses due to loans that have defaulted at maturity are also expected to increase. Fitch expects that multifamily loan defa

ults will level.1II.Who can be a debtor? Limited liability companies and other entity issues.A.11 u.s.c. §109 states that only a “person" may be a deb L’uomo e la nascita della società mythoi antropologici e sociogonici all’interno dei dialoghi di Platone ()

tor, but the definition of “person" includes an individual, corporation and partnership. There is no express statutory reference in the Code to limite

L’uomo e la nascita della società mythoi antropologici e sociogonici all’interno dei dialoghi di Platone ()

d liability companies as “persons.”B.The first question in determining eligibility for both chapter 11 or Chapter 7 is whether the principles pertaini

REAL ESTATE WORKOUTS AND BANKRUPTCY ISSUESACREL SPRING MEETINGMarch, 2006By David R. KuneyI.Introduction: the economic landscape.A.What is the likelih

L’uomo e la nascita della società mythoi antropologici e sociogonici all’interno dei dialoghi di Platone ()re eligible to be debtors. See In re ICLNDS Notes Acquisitions, LLC, 259 B.R. 108 (Bankr. N.D. Ohio, 2001 Xholding that a limited liability company is

a “person” under the Code).1Fitch, 2005 U.S. CMBS Loss Study, dated June 8, 2005; available at www.fitchratings.com.D. One commentator writes that ty L’uomo e la nascita della società mythoi antropologici e sociogonici all’interno dei dialoghi di Platone ()

pically the issue is to determine whether a limited liability company should be viewed as having the legal characteristics of a corporation or a partn

L’uomo e la nascita della società mythoi antropologici e sociogonici all’interno dei dialoghi di Platone ()

ership.Is an LLC a corporation" (which includes an "association having a power or privilege that a private corporation, but not an individual or a par

REAL ESTATE WORKOUTS AND BANKRUPTCY ISSUESACREL SPRING MEETINGMarch, 2006By David R. KuneyI.Introduction: the economic landscape.A.What is the likelih

L’uomo e la nascita della società mythoi antropologici e sociogonici all’interno dei dialoghi di Platone ()sociation") as defined in sec. 101(9) of the Bankruptcy Code, or a "person" (which includes an "individual, partnership and corporation") as defined i

n sec. 101(41) of the Bankruptcy Code? The Bankruptcy Code currently does not recognize an LLC as a distinct entity.John c. Murray, Limited Liability L’uomo e la nascita della società mythoi antropologici e sociogonici all’interno dei dialoghi di Platone ()

Companies- Tale Insurance and Other Issues, 423 PLI'Real 175 (1997) (“Murray”).III.Authority to file the bankruptcy petition?A. Voluntary bankruptcy p

L’uomo e la nascita della società mythoi antropologici e sociogonici all’interno dei dialoghi di Platone ()

etitions are commenced pursuant to section 301 of the Code. However, “whether a business entity properly is authorized to file a bankruptcy petition i

REAL ESTATE WORKOUTS AND BANKRUPTCY ISSUESACREL SPRING MEETINGMarch, 2006By David R. KuneyI.Introduction: the economic landscape.A.What is the likelih

L’uomo e la nascita della società mythoi antropologici e sociogonici all’interno dei dialoghi di Platone ()e entity comply with its organic documents and obtain proper authorization for the filing. The kind of authorization required turns, in part, on the n

ature of the entity and how it is treated for bankruptcy law purposes.2Proper authorization for the filing of a voluntary bankruptcy petition will dep L’uomo e la nascita della società mythoi antropologici e sociogonici all’interno dei dialoghi di Platone ()

end on whether the LLC is treated as a partnership or a corporation, and such determination may be different depending on whether the LLC is member-ma

L’uomo e la nascita della società mythoi antropologici e sociogonici all’interno dei dialoghi di Platone ()

naged or manager-managed.3If the LLC is member-managed and is treated as a partnership under the Bankruptcy Code, all of the members would be required

REAL ESTATE WORKOUTS AND BANKRUPTCY ISSUESACREL SPRING MEETINGMarch, 2006By David R. KuneyI.Introduction: the economic landscape.A.What is the likelih

L’uomo e la nascita della società mythoi antropologici e sociogonici all’interno dei dialoghi di Platone ()t 197.4If the LLC is managed by one or more designated managers, it is unclear (absent specific provisions in the LLC's operating agreement) whether t

he manager(s) alone may determine whether to file a bankruptcy proceeding, or whether the filing of a bankruptcy petition is such an extraordinary eve L’uomo e la nascita della società mythoi antropologici e sociogonici all’interno dei dialoghi di Platone ()

nt that all members would be required to consent. See Thomas F.Blakemore, Limited Liability Companies and the Bankruptcy Code, 13 Am. Bankr. Inst. J.

L’uomo e la nascita della società mythoi antropologici e sociogonici all’interno dei dialoghi di Platone ()

12 (June 1994); Fed. R. Bankr. p. 1004 (requires the2consent of dll partners to the riling of d voluntary petition on behalf of d partnership and requ

REAL ESTATE WORKOUTS AND BANKRUPTCY ISSUESACREL SPRING MEETINGMarch, 2006By David R. KuneyI.Introduction: the economic landscape.A.What is the likelih

L’uomo e la nascita della società mythoi antropologici e sociogonici all’interno dei dialoghi di Platone () declined to dismiss bankruptcy petition of limited liability company that had failed to register under Connecticut law.2The court held that the Code

states that a person can be a debtor, which term “includes” various entities, but that the use of the word “includes” indicates that the terms dre non L’uomo e la nascita della società mythoi antropologici e sociogonici all’interno dei dialoghi di Platone ()

-exclusive.c. In re Avalon Hotel Partners, L.L.C., 302 B.R. 377 (Bankr. D. Ore., 2003).1Voluntary petition was improper and the c ourt would have dism

L’uomo e la nascita della società mythoi antropologici e sociogonici all’interno dei dialoghi di Platone ()

issed the case except for subsequent consent by the required members.2The Operating Agreement identified certain “major decisions,” which did not incl

REAL ESTATE WORKOUTS AND BANKRUPTCY ISSUESACREL SPRING MEETINGMarch, 2006By David R. KuneyI.Introduction: the economic landscape.A.What is the likelih

L’uomo e la nascita della società mythoi antropologici e sociogonici all’interno dei dialoghi di Platone ()t was authorized by the manager of the LLC.4The court held that the bankruptcy filing was a major decision because it was “outside of the ordinary cou

rse of business” and because it converted the LLC into a debtor in possession. The court further staled that it would have dismissed the petition but L’uomo e la nascita della società mythoi antropologici e sociogonici all’interno dei dialoghi di Platone ()

for the subsequent ratification by the rest of the members.D. In Re Del.ucu, 194 B.R. 79 (Bankr. E.D. Va. 199G).1rhe court held that the decision of t

L’uomo e la nascita della società mythoi antropologici e sociogonici all’interno dei dialoghi di Platone ()

he member holding a 50% interest to file

REAL ESTATE WORKOUTS AND BANKRUPTCY ISSUESACREL SPRING MEETINGMarch, 2006By David R. KuneyI.Introduction: the economic landscape.A.What is the likelih

REAL ESTATE WORKOUTS AND BANKRUPTCY ISSUESACREL SPRING MEETINGMarch, 2006By David R. KuneyI.Introduction: the economic landscape.A.What is the likelih

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