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The Rejected and the Bullied Lessons about Social Misfits from Developmental Psychology

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Nội dung chi tiết: The Rejected and the Bullied Lessons about Social Misfits from Developmental Psychology

The Rejected and the Bullied Lessons about Social Misfits from Developmental Psychology

The Rejected and The Bullied1RUNNING HEAD: THE REJECTED AND THE BULLIEDThe Rejected and the Bullied:Lessons about Social Misfits from Developmental Ps

The Rejected and the Bullied Lessons about Social Misfits from Developmental PsychologysychologyJaana Juvonen and Elisheva F. GrossUniversity of California, Los AngelesDraft of Presentation at the 7th Annual Sydney Symposium of Social Ps

ychology:“The Social Outcast: Ostracism, Social Exclusion, Rejection, and Bullying”To be included as a chapter in:Williams, K. D.. Forgas, J. p., & vo The Rejected and the Bullied Lessons about Social Misfits from Developmental Psychology

n Hippel, w. (Eds.) under contract). The social outcast: Ostracism, social exclusion, rejection, and bullying. New York: Psychology Press.Address Corr

The Rejected and the Bullied Lessons about Social Misfits from Developmental Psychology

espondence to:Jaana JuvonenDepartment of PsychologyUniversity of California, Los AngelesLos Angeles, CA 90095-1521 (310) 825-8293e-mail: juvonen@psych

The Rejected and The Bullied1RUNNING HEAD: THE REJECTED AND THE BULLIEDThe Rejected and the Bullied:Lessons about Social Misfits from Developmental Ps

The Rejected and the Bullied Lessons about Social Misfits from Developmental Psychologysts among children has a long tradition in developmental psychology. This topic has played a prominent role in social developmental research in part b

ecause of the surprisingly potent power of the consequences of being rejected or bullied. Rejected and bullied children are at risk for a range of sub The Rejected and the Bullied Lessons about Social Misfits from Developmental Psychology

sequent problems, including dropping out of school, compromised mental health, and criminality (Parker & Asher, 1987; Kupersmidt, Dodge & Cole, 1990).

The Rejected and the Bullied Lessons about Social Misfits from Developmental Psychology

More recently, diis topic has received renewed attention in light of media accounts of infamous school shootings in the US. Many of the youngsters wh

The Rejected and The Bullied1RUNNING HEAD: THE REJECTED AND THE BULLIEDThe Rejected and the Bullied:Lessons about Social Misfits from Developmental Ps

The Rejected and the Bullied Lessons about Social Misfits from Developmental Psychologyom developmental research on the complex array of intrapersonal and interpersonal difficulties that both lead to and result from peer rejection. To hi

ghlight the distinctive contributions of developmental psychology to our understanding of social outcasts, we begin by comparing the last decade of re The Rejected and the Bullied Lessons about Social Misfits from Developmental Psychology

levant research published in developmental and social psychology’s leading journals. Following this brief analysis, we review the developmental resear

The Rejected and the Bullied Lessons about Social Misfits from Developmental Psychology

ch in light of three guiding questions: 1) who is most at risk for rejection; 2) what are the consequences of rejection and bullying, and 3) who is im

The Rejected and The Bullied1RUNNING HEAD: THE REJECTED AND THE BULLIEDThe Rejected and the Bullied:Lessons about Social Misfits from Developmental Ps

The Rejected and the Bullied Lessons about Social Misfits from Developmental Psychologyg-term maladaptive outcomes. We conclude by exploring the implications of our review and proposed model for the social psychological study of rejectio

n. Throughout our review, we highlight the role of the social, andspecifically the peer group, contexts of rejection.In our developmental analysis of The Rejected and the Bullied Lessons about Social Misfits from Developmental Psychology

rejection, we focus on peers for both theoretical andThe Rejected and The Bullied3practical reasons. From a theoretical perspective, same or similar a

The Rejected and the Bullied Lessons about Social Misfits from Developmental Psychology

ge peers provide a unique developmental context. In contrast to relationships with adults, peer relationships arc presumably more symmetrical or balan

The Rejected and The Bullied1RUNNING HEAD: THE REJECTED AND THE BULLIEDThe Rejected and the Bullied:Lessons about Social Misfits from Developmental Ps

The Rejected and the Bullied Lessons about Social Misfits from Developmental Psychologyermore, peer relationships, and friendships in particular, provide opportunities lor “stx ial practice” in interpersonal behaviors that ate critical t

o both current and future relationship development and maintenance. These behaviors include cooperation, negotiation, (ompromise, conflict resolution, The Rejected and the Bullied Lessons about Social Misfits from Developmental Psychology

and the provision and seeking of social support (Hartup, 1996). Tn light of the developmental functions solved by healthy peer relationships, it is t

The Rejected and the Bullied Lessons about Social Misfits from Developmental Psychology

herefore important to understand what happens to children who are social outcasts deprived of normative opportunities for social practice. In the pres

The Rejected and The Bullied1RUNNING HEAD: THE REJECTED AND THE BULLIEDThe Rejected and the Bullied:Lessons about Social Misfits from Developmental Ps

The Rejected and the Bullied Lessons about Social Misfits from Developmental Psychologyents and romantic partners, for example).A second reason to focus on peers in reviewing the developmental research on rejection and bullying is practi

cal: Most developmental investigators conceptualize rejection in terms of perceptions, preferences and behaviors directed toward an individual by fami The Rejected and the Bullied Lessons about Social Misfits from Developmental Psychology

lial peers, as opposed to strangers or romantic partners. Tn so doing, developmenlalists have forged a path toward understanding social outcasts that

The Rejected and the Bullied Lessons about Social Misfits from Developmental Psychology

is often distinct, both methodologically and conceptually, from that taken by social psychologists.A note on tenns: 1 he many faces of peer rejection.

The Rejected and The Bullied1RUNNING HEAD: THE REJECTED AND THE BULLIEDThe Rejected and the Bullied:Lessons about Social Misfits from Developmental Ps

The Rejected and the Bullied Lessons about Social Misfits from Developmental Psychologyd bully will attest, there are numerous ways to experience peer rejection.Following Asher, Rose and Gabriel (2001), who undertook the onerous task of

counting thoseThe Rejected and The Bullied4ways (and counted 32), we employ the term “peer rejection” inclusively. It should be noted, however, that t The Rejected and the Bullied Lessons about Social Misfits from Developmental Psychology

his is not typical of developmental psychologists who normally differentiate bullying or victimization by peers from peer rejection. In developmental

The Rejected and the Bullied Lessons about Social Misfits from Developmental Psychology

research, rejection is commonly defined as peers’ social avoidance of, dislike of, or reluctance to affiliate with an individual child. In contrast, b

The Rejected and The Bullied1RUNNING HEAD: THE REJECTED AND THE BULLIEDThe Rejected and the Bullied:Lessons about Social Misfits from Developmental Ps

The Rejected and the Bullied Lessons about Social Misfits from Developmental Psychology of power (Olweus, 1978), such as a strong person intimidating a weaker one. Bullying can take many forms including physical aggression, exclusion, an

d spreading nasty rumors. Bullying is typically carried out by one or a few children, although bullied children are often also rejected by the larger The Rejected and the Bullied Lessons about Social Misfits from Developmental Psychology

peer group (Graham & Juvonen, 1998; Juvonen, Graham, & Schuster, 2003).In the present review, we include bullying within the broad category of peer re

The Rejected and the Bullied Lessons about Social Misfits from Developmental Psychology

jection because we presume that from the perspective of the target of rejection or bullying the experiences are more similar than different. We also p

The Rejected and The Bullied1RUNNING HEAD: THE REJECTED AND THE BULLIEDThe Rejected and the Bullied:Lessons about Social Misfits from Developmental Ps

The Rejected and the Bullied Lessons about Social Misfits from Developmental Psychologyr functions for the group (i.e., the rejectors). We therefore review developmental research on rejection and bullying as two conceptually and empirica

lly related phenomena relevant to understanding the social outcast. But how do developmental psychologists study peer rejection and bullying? We now t The Rejected and the Bullied Lessons about Social Misfits from Developmental Psychology

urn to a brief comparison between developmental and social psychological research.A Decade of Studying the Outcast: Comparing Developmental and Social

The Rejected and the Bullied Lessons about Social Misfits from Developmental Psychology

Studies We conducted an analysis of relevant studies published between 1993 and 2003 in the two leading journals in developmental psychology (Child D

The Rejected and The Bullied1RUNNING HEAD: THE REJECTED AND THE BULLIEDThe Rejected and the Bullied:Lessons about Social Misfits from Developmental Ps

The Rejected and The Bullied1RUNNING HEAD: THE REJECTED AND THE BULLIEDThe Rejected and the Bullied:Lessons about Social Misfits from Developmental Ps

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