Ebook Oxford textbook of spirituality in healthcare: Part 2
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Ebook Oxford textbook of spirituality in healthcare: Part 2
CHAPTER 30NursingWilfred McSherry and Dr Linda RossIntroductionThis chapter presents an overview of the historical and contemporary development of spi Ebook Oxford textbook of spirituality in healthcare: Part 2irituality and spiritual care within nursing. The chapter commences with a historical perspective of nursing care drawing attention to the medical and holistic models that have existed. This is followed by an analysis of the key arguments that provide a basis for spiritual care within nursing. This Ebook Oxford textbook of spirituality in healthcare: Part 2section reviews some of the primary drivers; political, professional and societal, resulting in nursing engaging with spiritual aspects of the person.Ebook Oxford textbook of spirituality in healthcare: Part 2
It is acknowledged that the concepts and debates outlined in this chapter have a relevance to nursing globally. There is an increasing recognition ofCHAPTER 30NursingWilfred McSherry and Dr Linda RossIntroductionThis chapter presents an overview of the historical and contemporary development of spi Ebook Oxford textbook of spirituality in healthcare: Part 2is is emerging, for example the pioneering work of Koenig et at.[1] The importance of nurses addressing the spiritual dimension is also reflected in some of the healthcare guidance at world, European, and national levels. These issues are discussed in more detail in Ross.[2]Historical perspectiveHis Ebook Oxford textbook of spirituality in healthcare: Part 2torically, in the West the sick were looked after in religious orders. The body and spirit were cared for together, signifying the practice of truly hEbook Oxford textbook of spirituality in healthcare: Part 2
olistic care at that time, i.e. care of the body, mind, and spirit, where the whole is more than the sum of the parts. There then followed the ‘periodCHAPTER 30NursingWilfred McSherry and Dr Linda RossIntroductionThis chapter presents an overview of the historical and contemporary development of spi Ebook Oxford textbook of spirituality in healthcare: Part 2atment which focused on disease processes and cures, rather than the spirit. This medical model still prevails today within many health care services across the world. However, it could be said that, until recently, nursing has never lost sight of the holistic concept of care, which has remained at Ebook Oxford textbook of spirituality in healthcare: Part 2the heart of the profession right through to the current day. This unswerving focus on the whole person is a constant core and founding principleshapiEbook Oxford textbook of spirituality in healthcare: Part 2
ng and influencing how nursing is defined, practised and taught as shown in the next section. Nursing is also in the process of developing its own eviCHAPTER 30NursingWilfred McSherry and Dr Linda RossIntroductionThis chapter presents an overview of the historical and contemporary development of spi Ebook Oxford textbook of spirituality in healthcare: Part 2UK) at present, there is concern that nursing may be in danger of losing sight of this focus moving away from the founding principles on which it is based. The need to refocus on these core values of nursing, such as care, compassion, dignity, respect is evident in a number of reports where the qual Ebook Oxford textbook of spirituality in healthcare: Part 2ity and standard of nursing care are criticized. [3-8] In these reports nurses are accused of treating individuals without dignity and respect. ClaireEbook Oxford textbook of spirituality in healthcare: Part 2
Rayner (the late President of The Patients Association in the UK) wrote:For far too long now, the Patients Association has been receiving calls on ouCHAPTER 30NursingWilfred McSherry and Dr Linda RossIntroductionThis chapter presents an overview of the historical and contemporary development of spi Ebook Oxford textbook of spirituality in healthcare: Part 2ves had experienced at the hands of NHS nurses.[4. p. 31For nurses to be described in such derogatory terms is of great concern, since it implies that the core principles, beliefs, and values that underpin nursing have been eroded, lost and misplaced within contemporary nursing practice. While these Ebook Oxford textbook of spirituality in healthcare: Part 2 reports have been published within the UK the ramifications and lessons to be learnt are of international relevance, since they bring into question tEbook Oxford textbook of spirituality in healthcare: Part 2
he public's image of the nursing profession, and the need for nurses to re-establish the fundamental principles of care and caring.Basis for spiritualCHAPTER 30NursingWilfred McSherry and Dr Linda RossIntroductionThis chapter presents an overview of the historical and contemporary development of spi Ebook Oxford textbook of spirituality in healthcare: Part 2care of individuals of all ages, families, groups and communities, sick or well and in all settings. Nursing includes the promotion of health, prevention of illness, and the care of ill. disabled and dying people. Advocacy, promotion of a safe environment, research, participation in shaping health p Ebook Oxford textbook of spirituality in healthcare: Part 2olicy and in patient and health systems management, and education are also key nursing roles.This definition emphasizes the importance of nurses workiEbook Oxford textbook of spirituality in healthcare: Part 2
ng collaboratively with the individual to establish their needs. The definition underlines and reinforces the importance of nursing adopting a holistiCHAPTER 30NursingWilfred McSherry and Dr Linda RossIntroductionThis chapter presents an overview of the historical and contemporary development of spi Ebook Oxford textbook of spirituality in healthcare: Part 2onsidered that ‘the sick body ... is something more than a reservoir for storing medicines’.[11, p. 36] This sentiment is still evidentin the Royal College of Nursing's (RCN) most recent definition of nursing, where nursing is defined in terms of its key functions. These are concerned with promoting Ebook Oxford textbook of spirituality in healthcare: Part 2, improving and maintaining health and healing, helping people to cope with health problems, and to achieve the best possible quality of life. The nurEbook Oxford textbook of spirituality in healthcare: Part 2
se's focus is on the whole person and their response to health, illness, disability which includes their spiritual response. Spiritual support is idenCHAPTER 30NursingWilfred McSherry and Dr Linda RossIntroductionThis chapter presents an overview of the historical and contemporary development of spi Ebook Oxford textbook of spirituality in healthcare: Part 2respect, individual need and compassion. L13JModels of nursingIn an early model of nursing, Virginia Henderson said it was the duty of the nurse to assist the patient to ‘worship according to his faith’ (p. 13) and to ‘practice his religion or conform to his concept of right and wrong.’14, p. 19J Mo Ebook Oxford textbook of spirituality in healthcare: Part 2re recent nursing models also incorporate the spiritual. For example, Jean Watson talks about the caring presence of the nurse and focuses on transcenEbook Oxford textbook of spirituality in healthcare: Part 2
dence and the quest for meaning in life in her model.115] One of the most commonly used models of nursing, the Activities of Daily Living (ADL) model!CHAPTER 30NursingWilfred McSherry and Dr Linda RossIntroductionThis chapter presents an overview of the historical and contemporary development of spi Ebook Oxford textbook of spirituality in healthcare: Part 2ress the spiritual through their focus on meaning, wholeness and/or transcendence.Oldnall[17,18] suggested that the assertion that most nursing models have a holistic approach to care is inaccurate. This is because, up until recently, some nursing models and theories, while espousing and embracing t Ebook Oxford textbook of spirituality in healthcare: Part 2he mantra of holistic care, do not explicitly address the spiritual dimension. McSheny[19, p. 79] otters a possible explanation for this:Models shouldEbook Oxford textbook of spirituality in healthcare: Part 2
not bo solely developed in the ‘ivory cowers of academia’ and then be expected to work in prat tic H. This (op-down approach (o lheory developmenl maCHAPTER 30NursingWilfred McSherry and Dr Linda RossIntroductionThis chapter presents an overview of the historical and contemporary development of spi Ebook Oxford textbook of spirituality in healthcare: Part 2l dimension Irorn being incorporated within contemporary nursing theories and models.'Martsolf & Mickley[20] undertook a detailed review of some modern nurse theorists’ ideas concerning spirituality. Their review sheds light on two key areas:1The contribution to nursing knowledge made by some of the Ebook Oxford textbook of spirituality in healthcare: Part 2 contemporary nurse theorists2The position that spirituality has within those ideas; whether implicit or explicit.It is beyond the scope of this chaptEbook Oxford textbook of spirituality in healthcare: Part 2
er to provide a full critique of the placespirituality holds within each model. It is sufficient to say that, within nursing models and theories, the CHAPTER 30NursingWilfred McSherry and Dr Linda RossIntroductionThis chapter presents an overview of the historical and contemporary development of spi Ebook Oxford textbook of spirituality in healthcare: Part 2central to nursing Codes of Ethics, both internationally and within the United Kingdom (UK). The International Council of Nurses (ICN) Code of Ethics for Nurses states:[21, p. 2]In providing care, the nurse promotes an environment in which the human rights, values, customs and spiritual beliefs of t Ebook Oxford textbook of spirituality in healthcare: Part 2he individual, family and community are respected.The Australian Nursing & Midwifery Council[22] accepts and builds upon the ICN Code.In the UK. the NEbook Oxford textbook of spirituality in healthcare: Part 2
ursing and Midwifery Code of Professional Conduct states that: ‘ You must treat people as individuals and respect their dignity.’[23]Unlike the ICN coCHAPTER 30NursingWilfred McSherry and Dr Linda RossIntroductionThis chapter presents an overview of the historical and contemporary development of spi Ebook Oxford textbook of spirituality in healthcare: Part 2 ‘individual’ and ‘respect for dignity.’ Therefore, failure to include a spiritual dimension within nursing and recognizing the importance of this for some individuals, may lead to a violation of an individual's fundamental human rights. The NMC further expects that at point of registration newly qu Ebook Oxford textbook of spirituality in healthcare: Part 2alified graduate nurses should be able to:•Cany out comprehensive, systematic nursing assessments that take account of relevant physical.social, cultuEbook Oxford textbook of spirituality in healthcare: Part 2
ral, psychological, spiritual, genetic and environmental factors ...’.[24, p. 18.]Gọi ngay
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